• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2018

Purpose - In recent years, many companies include franchises have acquire customers by making an online stores and they are carrying out permission marketing activities with e-mail and SMS. Permission marketing requires voluntary customer approval for receiving commercial messages such as cross-selling and upselling. Therefore, it is necessary for the business to induce the customer's acceptance. The purpose of this study is to examine which type of different messages can affect higher in consumer persuasion. Thus, we investigated the impact of descriptive norm message on intention of reception in an online store context, and its interaction with chronic regulatory focus. Research design, data, and methodology - This study hypothesized that the descriptive norm message would affect positive influences to consumers' intension of reception. Specially, this study inquired into whether the interaction effect between descriptive norm and regulatory focus. To verify the hypothesis, we conducted 2 × 2 between-subject factorial design with message type (general message and descriptive norm message) and regulatory focus(promotion focus and prevention focus) as independent variables. Participants of the experiment were assigned to one of 2 kind experimental situations randomly according to characteristics of message type. A total of 131 participants (descriptive norm message: 65, general message: 66) responded for this study. The data were analyzed using frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and two-way ANOVA. Result - The results of the study are as follows. First, we found main effects of the descriptive norm message. The intention of reception were significantly higher in the descriptive norm message rather than general message as in previous researches. Second, interaction effect between the descriptive norm message and regulatory focus was significant. The prevention focus (vs. promotion focus) were hight in a positive behavior intention when the descriptive norm message was given. Conclusions - This study verifies the main effect and interaction effect of descriptive norm message and regulatory focus on the consumers' intention of reception in permission marketing, and persuasive message in the online store context. The results of this study will provide various advantages to companies that want to establish long lasting relationship with customers by carrying out permission marketing in the future.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2014

Financial products entail either gains or losses, and customers' psychological reaction to these gains and losses affect the selection of the financial products. This study explains the financial customers' behavior by introducing consumers' psychological variables such as regulatory focus and construal levels. According to the regulatory focus theory, there are two distinct motivational orientations called promotion focus and prevention focus. And, construal level theory proposes that people use more abstract and higher levels of construal to represent objects that are more distant on psychological distance. We have incorporated these two psychological variables into financial consumer behaviors. In the experiment 1, the results have showed that promotion focused customers prefer fund products to deposit products, whereas prevention focused customers have showed the opposite result. In the experiment 2, both regulatory focus and construal level were considered. Specifically, under the high level message, promotion focused customers have showed higher preference to fund products than the prevention focused customers, and no significant difference for the deposit products. On the contrary, given the low level message, prevention focused customers have showed higher preference to both fund and deposit products than the promotion focused customers. Therefore, it comes to the conclusion that it will be efficient for the financial companies to use high level messages for the promotion focused customers and low level messages for the prevention focused customers. Implications and limitations are discussed to establish more effective marketing strategies based on the results of this study.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.441-447
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• 2006

투시형 두부 장착형 디스플레이(HMD) 방식의 3차원 디스플레이는 스테레오스코픽 디스플레이에 의한 가상의 3차원 데이터와 실제 장면을 동시에 볼 수 있는 장점(MR-Mixed Reality)이 있다. 그러나 장시간 사용 시 눈의 피로현상이 발생한다. 또한 가상 데이터의 고정된 초점으로 인한 비초점화 현상이 발생한다. 이것의 중요한 요인 중 하나가 눈의 초점조절 능력 불만족이다. 이것의 해결방법으로 투시형 HMD에 초점조절 가능 3차원 디스플레이(다초점 3차원 디스플레이) 기술의 적용을 제안하였다. 결과적으로, 단안에서 현실세계의 물체에 대한 초점조절과 다초점에 의한 가상데이터의 초점조절이 일치함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.150-155
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• 2016

To evaluate the autofocusing performance of recent mobile phone cameras, it is necessary to determine the peak position of the center field MTF (Modulation Transfer Function), -known as the through focus MTF- of the module. However, the MTF peak position found by conventional methods deviates from the ideal position due to the focus scanning resolution of mobile phone cameras. This inaccurate peak position results in false judgements of the optical performance, leading to yield losses or customer complaints. An increase in the focus scanning resolution can address this problem, but the manufacturing UPH (Unit per Hour) level will also unfortunately increase as well, resulting in a loss of manufacturing capabilities. In this paper, several fitting models are studied to find an accurate MTF peak position within a short period of time. With an analysis of a large amount of manufacturing data, it is demonstrated that the fitting methods can reduce false judgements and simultaneously increase the capabilities of the manufacturing system.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.327-336
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• 2023

The focus of this research was to devise a conceptual methodology for drone usage and to assess the viability of safety checklist items specific to drone application in safety oversight. The appraisal was grounded in a focus group interview involving professionals from construction management and safety fields. The proposed process was segmented into four stages: 1) pre-flight phase for flight plan development, 2) drone flight phase for safety condition inspection utilizing checklist items, 3) post-flight phase for visual asset analysis, and 4) documentation and management phase. Furthermore, the research scrutinized the applicability of 32 distinct safety checklist items for drone operations. The primary aim of this investigation was to probe the possible deployment of drones as part of construction safety inspections at work sites. However, it bears mentioning that subsequent research should strive to gather a more extensive sample size through questionnaire surveys, thereby facilitating quantitative analysis. Administering such surveys would yield more comprehensive data compared to a focus group interview, which was constrained by a limited participant count. In summation, this study lays a foundational groundwork for understanding the potential advantages and challenges associated with integrating drones into construction safety management.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제19B권4호
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• pp.231-236
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• 2012

소비자 행동이론에 따르면 사람의 성향은 향상초점과 예방초점이라는 두 가지 조절초점 유형으로 나누어지며, 이 두 가지 성향은 다양한 영역에 있어서 소비자의 의사결정에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 개인화 추천에서 Cold Start 문제의 최소화 및 추천 알고리즘 성능 개선을 위하여 조절초점이론을 적용한다. 이를 위하여, 웹쇼핑 로그로부터 소비자 별 행동변수, 정보탐색활동성 지수를 추출하고 이를 활용한 소비자 조절초점성향 분류 방법을 제안한다. 본 연구는 사회과학/IT 융합 연구로서 소비자행동 이론의 시스템화 가능성을 입증하였다는 점에 있어서 의의를 지니며, 향후 다양한 분야의 이론들을 적용한 IT 서비스에 대한 연구로 확장하고자 한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2019

Purpose - This is longitudinal research which aims to investigate the meaning of greenness to consumers' behavior. Consumers adopt green marketing as a new factor in product buying and consumption and more and more consumers prefer green product and services. Consumers' green buying behavior can be different from other purchasing experiences. There would be changes in the meaning of green as time passed and it can be different from countries to other countries. This study examines focus group studies with several groups. There is a ten-year gap between 2010 focus group and 2019 focus group interviews. With this ten-year gap, we can find the change of greenness to consumers. Research design, data, and methodology - The data were collected from Turkish, Korean, Kazakhstan people. This is a cross-sectional study and focus group interview was designed. We can gain information relevant to the research problem with using focus group study and get some insights into basic needs and attitudes of green marketing. The subjects for green purchase interviewee were confined to under 40 years old's shoppers regardless of gender. The first study was investigated with several groups in 2010 and the second interview were conducted in 2019. Results - Results show that the meaning of greenness for consumer has changed over time in accordance with the growing accordance of environmental sustainability. Basically, green marketing still means valuable, natural, recycle-able, good for health, clean, smart behavior, essential benefit. The concept of greenness significantly evolved since it was investigated in 2010. It moves away from focusing on specific environmental issues to considering global sustainability issues. Especially we found that greenness can be related with globalization, higher education, social status at the 2019 interview. Conclusions - This paper attempted to confirm the green marketing is essential and expands its meaning to various aspect. Usually, we can think green marketing is everywhere, therefore, people don't care about green issues in real. But consumers are adopting green marketing more and more, it can be a means to attract potential consumers. Therefore, companies should provide enough greenness information for people and they might apply greenness communication to attract potential customers.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.90-93
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• 1997

The shallow depth of focus in conventional light microscopy hinders the observation of the whole image when the object is thicker than the depth of field. Most of the existing techniques measured the object distance, which is not necessarily the actual distance of each pixel in the image. We implemented a means of determining the "best focus" of each pixel and located the height of object points by sectioning at different sample heights. Combining the height information and its gray values together, we obtained an image where the blur from the finite depth of focus is eliminated. Limitations of the technique are discussed together with composed images.ed images.

• 복식
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.108-121
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to analyze hat design with the focus on the period from the 1990's to 2004 and to find out the development direction of next hat design. To do these purposes, the focus of theoretical approach was literature research, and hat design was attempted on the basis of the research. The focus of theoretical background was on previous research and fashion-related literature. Fashion Photos were picked up from all kinds of fashion magazines containing Haute Couture collection in Paris from the 1990's to 2004 S/S and some designers' collections. Then 1,381 photos were selected through two screenings. At first time, 1,500 photos were selected to have the relationship between clothes and hats, and finally 1,381 photos were picked.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe hospital nurses' lived experience of being a preceptor in Korea. Methods: The data were collected in three focus group interviews with 15 nurses in one general hospital. The phenomenological analytic method suggested by Colaizzi was used to analyze the data. Results: Five theme clusters and 11 themes emerged from the analysis. The five themes include "inevitable rite of passage for an authentic nurse", "facing new role and situations that were difficult to handle", "preceptee-centered preceptorship", "healing connection with colleague nurses", and "enhanced status with competence". Conclusion: The findings of the study provide deep understanding on hospital nurses' positive as well as negative experiences of being a preceptor and should inform the development of a more integrative preceptorship program to empower both preceptees and preceptors.