• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.191-202
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• 2023

This study aims to propose a framework for evaluating the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) services, based on the concept of AI service impact. It also suggests a model for evaluating this impact and identifies relevant factors and measurement approaches for each item of the model. The study classifies the impact of AI services into five categories: ethics, safety and reliability, compliance, user rights, and environmental friendliness. It discusses these five categories from a broad perspective and provides 21 detailed factors for evaluating each category. In terms of ethics, the study introduces three additional factors-accessibility, openness, and fairness-to the ten items initially developed by KISDI. In the safety and reliability category, the study excludes factors such as dependability, policy, compliance, and awareness improvement as they can be better addressed from a technical perspective. The compliance category includes factors such as human rights protection, privacy protection, non-infringement, publicness, accountability, safety, transparency, policy compliance, and explainability.For the user rights category, the study excludes factors such as publicness, data management, policy compliance, awareness improvement, recoverability, openness, and accuracy. The environmental friendliness category encompasses diversity, publicness, dependability, transparency, awareness improvement, recoverability, and openness.This study lays the foundation for further related research and contributes to the establishment of relevant policies by establishing a model for evaluating the impact of AI services. Future research is required to assess the validity of the developed indicators and provide specific evaluation items for practical use, based on expert evaluations.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2014

New types of fire accidents appear or the existing types disappeared because of rapidly changing society. We proposed a methodology of extracting new nouns from fire investigation data each of which is an accident report producted by fire investigators. The new nouns could be used in modifying the existing categories for classifying fire accidents. We analysed morphology of the product names and the ignition summaries using the proposed method for the fire accidents classified as the etc sub-category of the category of equipments involved in ignition. In this paper, we found "dryer" as a new sub-category of the agricultural equipment category and "boiler" in the seasonal appliance category from the product names of the fire accidents. We also extracted the new input keywords of "aquarium" and "monitor" in the commercial facilities category and the video, audio apparatus category from the ignition summaries respectively. Using the four subcategories, we reclassified 548 (14.39%) of 3,808 fire accidents assigned to the etc sub-category.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.640-655
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• 2019

Technology status was investigated by analyzing patents and development cases of wearable robots. Development direction of wearable robot for wearability was also suggested by understanding the problems of wearability from development cases through the FGI technique. The number of patents per technical field was the most in the field of strength support, but AI in the technology field was different in each country; Korea was found to be poor in the category of daily living assistance. The number of patents by technology category was the most in the category of muscular strength assistance. However, the values of AI in the technology category were different in each country; Korea was found to be poor in the category of daily living assistance. Development cases were focused on rehabilitation, so development is not fulfilled uniformly by use purpose. By wearing body parts, robots with single function type were mainly developed. Rigid material robots were mainly developed. It was confirmed that wearable robot technology is not developed evenly in the category of application because it is in the early stage of the technical proposal and centered on main performance improvement. We derived twelve wearable conditions for wearable robots: Shape and Size Appropriateness, Movement Appropriateness, Composition Appropriateness, Physiological Appropriateness, Performance Satisfaction, Ease of Operation, Safety, Durability, Ease of Dressing, Ease of Cleaning, Portability and Ease of Storage and Appearance Satisfaction. Finally, the development direction of a wearable robot for each wearable condition was suggested.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.61-72
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• 2017

Purpose - The ICT development is affecting the consumer behaviors in selecting channel or distribution system. This study aims to advance the theory on the influence and interaction with omni-channel behaviors. Specifically, analyzing moderating variable is category knowledge that effect between propensity of brand loyalty and its precedence factor which is perceived difference, perceived value, authenticity and consumer-brand relationship. Research design, data, and methodology - The subject of this research is consumers who purchase goods in omni-channel situation. The hypothesis of this research is derived from the literature of the preceding research analysis on brand loyalty, omni-channel and consumer behaviors. This study have constructs that were defined operationally with reference to previous studies, and the research model was designed to figure out the structural relationship among perceived difference, perceived value, authenticity, consumer-brand relationship and brand loyalty. From 2016 Sept. 1 to Dec. 31, a questionnaire survey was performed targeting customers using omni-channel. 327 questionnaire survey had conducted. 316 survey data were used for empirical analysis except data that had missing and wrong value. AMOS(structural equation) was used to confirm the hypothesis which developed by researcher. Results - The results of this study are as follows. First, an authenticity has significant effect on brand loyalty. Second, in the omni-channel situation, but perceived differentiation, perceived value, consumer-brand relationship does not affect brand loyalty. According to this result, it is judged that it is easy to search for information in the situation of omni-channel and integrated decision making is done without distinction between channels. Third, category knowledge has moderating effect between brand loyalty and precedence factors. When the category knowledge level is low, preceding factors have a significant effect on brand loyalty. when the category knowledge level is high, the preceding factors did not have a significant effect on brand loyalty except the authenticity. Conclusions - This study finds out omni-channel's phenomenon is different from other distribution channel phenomenon. In the situation of omni-channel, it is suggested that brand loyalty may be relatively low for a certain brand because it raises the knowledge level of the category. Then this study provides a managerial implications based on the role of the moderate effect on category knowledge, brand loyalty and omni-channel.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.249-253
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• 2007

The Research on the ICT(Information & Communication Technology) is proposed the category to IT839 strategy by Government. Government is driving to researching on technology about IT839 Strategy. By transforming this category and research information into Semantic Web environment, it is possible to search function utilizing knowledge base and information object by use of TBox and ABox. In this regard, this study proposes technology for generation of Semantic Web Document about ICT Research Information. The ontology is constructed by using category to IT839 Strategy. The features of framework proposed in this study is to have used a skill to directly map Ontology instance and in case of inability of direct mapping, proposed a skill to establish reliable Semantic Web Document by suggesting indirect mapping skill using mechanical study. In addition, it is possible to establish low cost/high quality Semantic Web Document about ICT research information.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.27-40
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• 2008

목적 : 요통 환자에서 Sacro Occipital Technique(SOT)의 블로킹 기법을 침구 치료와 동시에 사용했을 때 Oswestry 장애 지수와 VAS의 변화 및 호전도를 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 방법 : 요통으로 내원한 72명의 환자를 대상으로 SOT 기법을 통해 하위 세 분류로 나누고 이에 따라 SOT 기법대로 침구 치료 시 블로킹 가법을 함께 사용하였다. 처음 방문 시에는 치료 전에 설문지를, 그 이후로는 치료 후에 설문지를 기입하여 변화를 관찰하였다. 결과 : 단독 침 치료군에 비해서 Category II와 Category III는 초진과 2차 방문 사이에 효과가 있었다. Category II는 초진과 3차 방문 사이에서 유의성이 더 있었으나 Category III는 유의성이 없었다. Category I은 단독 침 치료군에 비해서 효과가 없었다. VAS로 측정한 경우에는 SOT군 치료군 어느 군에서도 단독 침 치료군에 비해 통계적으로 유의미한 효과를 보이지 못했다. 결론 : 요통에 침구치료를 겸한 SOT 블로킹 치료는 선택적으로 효과를 보이며 그 가운데 Category II로 진단된 요통환자에게서 높은 효과를 보인다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.167-184
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data in child health education or counselling through content analysis related to child health in newspaper articles. Data were collected 8 daily newspaper by selecting health articles from neonate to adolescent period during 1 year from January 1 to December 31 in 1998. The data were analyzed in the framework of content analysis method and the reliability degree was 98% by the method of Holsti. The results of this study are as follows. 1. The frequency according to health category, disease treatment(46.7%) topped followed by health maintenanceㆍpromotion(28.0%), disease prevention(14.7%), growthㆍdevelopment(10.6%) 2. The frequency according to season, summer (36.4%) rank first. 3. The frequency according to WHO international disease classification, infectious disease (29.6%) take most. 4. According to child developmental age, similar frequency showed from infant to adolescent except neonate. 5. 201 themes, 43 category,4 health categories were confirmed in the content analysis. 6. Health maintenceㆍpromotion occupy 28.0% of health category include 14 categories. 7, Growthㆍdevelopment include 6 category occuping 10.6% of the whole health category. 8. Disease prevention occupy 14.7% of health category and contain 6 categories. 9. Disease treatment take top of health category by the rate of 46.7% and contain 17 categories.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.338-347
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• 2013

In this study, it was explored a research model consisting of slogan attitude, brand familiarity, brand attitude, brand recall, and product category recall of retailers. Experimental research was conducted with 3,028 males and females in their 20's to 40's using stimuli of 10 slogan-brand sets from various types of retailers. In results, the research model developed based on the literature was confirmed and supported by data. In the model test, all hypotheses were supported. The effects of slogan attitude and brand familiarity on brand attitude were confirmed. Also, brand familiarity affected brand recall. Category recall was predicted by brand attitude and brand recall. As consumers have better attitude toward slogans, they tend to have better attitude toward the brand. As consumers are more familiar with the brand, they are likely to better recall brands when they are exposed to the slogan. As consumers have better attitude toward brand and better recall the brand, they tend to better recall the business category when they see the slogan. Study findings may help marketers to develop better strategies for slogan use by considering diverse variables related to consumer responses toward slogan attitudes.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.43-56
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• 2004

Basically a land parcel consists of a land parcel number, land category, land boundary and area, and land value is mostly determined by the land category. Generally people want to change their land use to increase their land value so that they can expect more benefits from the land. However, changing land use causes several problems with land properties, haphazard urban expansions and land category non-coincidences. Unfortunately, no effective solutions exist for land category non-coincidence problems. In this study, we proposed a methodology that can classify the land category based land covers using high resolution satellite images and digital topographic maps. For this, we obtained a parcel based land use/cover classification map. Using both this classification map and a digital cadastral map, we inspected land category non-coincidences. As a result, land category non-coincidence rates could be statistically measured and interpreted and demonstrate a possibility that we could quantitatively interpretate and measure cadastral non-coincidence automatically.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6563-6568
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• 2013

Background: Tobacco use and quit attempts are two key indicators of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) that assess quit attempts among current as well as former tobacco users. The relevant data have inherent policy implications for tobacco cessation programme evaluation. This study aimed to review the concepts of quit attempt assessment and quantifying invalid responses considering GATS-India data. Materials and Methods: GATS assessment of tobacco use and quit attempts were examined in the current literature. Two categories of invalid responses were identified by stratified analysis of the duration of last quit attempt among current users and duration of abstinence among former users. Category A included absolute invalid responses when time-frame of assessment of current tobacco use and less than former tobacco use were violated. Category B included responses that violated the unit of measurement of time. Results: Current daily use, current less than daily use and former use in GATS were imprecisely defined with overlapping of time-frame of assessment. Overall responses of 3,102 current smokers, 4,036 current smokeless users, 1,904 former smokers and 1,343 former smokeless users were analyzed to quantify invalid responses. Analysis indicated overall 21.2% (category A: 7.32%; category B: 17.7%) and 22.7% (category A: 8.05%; category B: 18.1%) invalid responses among current smokers and smokeless users respectively regarding their duration of last quit attempt. Similarly overall 6.62% (category A: 4.7%; category B: 2.3%) and 10.6% (category A: 8.6%; category B: 3.5%) invalid responses were identified among former smokers and smokeless users respectively regarding their duration of abstinence. Conclusions: High invalid responses for a single assessment are due to the imprecise definition of current use, former use and quit attempt; and failure to utilize opportunity of direct data entry interface use during the survey to validate responses instantly. Redefining tobacco use and quit attempts considering an appropriate timeframe would reduce invalid responses.