• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1379-1385
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• 2018

Glycans are attached to proteins as in glycoproteins and proteoglycans. They are found on the exterior surface of cells. O- and N-linked glycans are very common in eukaryotic cells but may also be found in prokaryotes. The interaction of cell surface glycans with complementary glycan binding proteins located on neighboring cells, other cell types, pathogens like virus, or bacteria is crucial in biologically and biomedically important processes like pathogen recognition, cell migration, cell-cell adhesion, development, and infection. Their implication in pathological condition, suggests an important role for glycans as disease markers. In addition, a great amount of research has been shown that appropriate glycosylation of a recombinant therapeutic protein is critical for product solubility, stability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, bioactivity, and safety. Besides, cancer-associated glycosylation changes often involve sialic acid in glycan branch which play important roles in cell-cell interaction, recognition and immunological response. This review aims at giving a comprehensive overview of the glycan's biological function and describing the relevance among the glycosylation, disease diagnosis and treatment methods. Furthermore, the high-throughput analytic methods available to measure the profile changing patterns of glycan in the blood serum as well as possible underlying biochemical mechanisms.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.300-312
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to develop an astronomical observing education program that enables high school students to inquire the distance of astronomical bodies based on the research methods (observing open clusters and exploring collected big data) using small telescopes and DSLR cameras. After analyzing the 2015 revised science curriculum, we developed science club activity materials and teacher-student learning contents suitable for high school earth science education. A panel of six teachers and researchers of earth science education and astronomy, participated in developing the educational materials. The validity of the program was verified through establishing the agreement among the panels after in-depth discussions and clarifications. The program, developed with 10 lessons in total, showed high satisfactory content validity (CVI, .89) and conformity of school class (Likert's 5 point scales, 4.17). The feedback of the panels and the Delphi analysis continued to improve the quality of the program. The pilot testing result with high school students (N=9) showed that the students' satisfaction rate was high as 4.48. Using the astronomical observational education program of this study is expected to contribute in improving the convergence educational activity, interest, curiosity, and inquiry ability of students in the universe and the astronomical bodies.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.93-113
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• 2019

The behavior of the 3 hinged precast arch structure was investigated by comparing field measurements with numerical analyses performed for precast lining arch structures, which are widely used for the open-cut tunnel. According to the field measurements, the maximum vertical displacement occurred at the crown with upward displacements during the backfilling up to the crown of the arch and downward displacements at the backfill height above the crown. The final crown displacement was 19 mm upward from the original position. The horizontal displacement at the sidewall, which had a maximum horizontal displacement, occurred inward of the arch when compacting the backfill up to the crown and returned to the original position after completing the backfill construction. According to the analysis of displacement measurements, economical design is expected to be possible for precast arch structures compared to rigid concrete structures due to ground-structure interactions. Duncan model gave good results for the estimation of displacements and deformed shape of the tunnel according to the numerical analyses comparing with field measurements. The earth pressure coefficients calculated from the numerical analyses were 0.4 and 0.7 for the left and the right side of the tunnel respectively, which are agreed well with the eccentric load acting on the tunnel due to topographical condition and actual field measurements.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.414-421
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• 2022

Subsea oil and gas exploration is increasingly moving into deeper water depths, and typically, subsea pipelines operate under high pressure and temperature conditions. Owing to the difference in these components, the axial force in the pipe is accumulated. When a pipeline is operated at a high internal pressure and temperature, it will attempt to expand and contract for differential temperature changes. Typically, the line is not free to move because of the plane strain constraints in the longitudinal direction and soil friction effects. For a positive differential temperature, it will be subjected to an axial compressive load, and when this load reaches a certain critical value, the pipe may experience vertical (upheaval buckling) or lateral (snaking buckling) movements that can jeopardize the structural integrity of the pipeline. In these circumstances, the pipeline behavior should be evaluated to ensure the pipeline structural integrity during operation in those demanding loading conditions. Performing this analysis, the correct mitigation measures for thermal buckling can be considered either by accepting bar buckling but preventing the development of excessive bending moment or by preventing any occurrence of bending.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2021

In this study, we tried to present suggestions to the Gyeongsangbuk-do tourism officials to satisfy them with experiential tourism resources and to revitalize their participation in the program. Therefore, the implications of this study are as follows. First, research on the satisfaction of experiential tourism programs and the willingness to participate in them is carried out, suggesting that it is a prerequisite for the transformation of the perception of tourists' participation in the Corona era. Second, it is necessary to make it a small experience tourist space that can provide non-face-to-face service utilizing the characteristics of contact technology, and to provide tourists with unique attractions against product discrimination and customer service. Third, through the introduction of non-face-to-face experience programs and expansion of services, the limited and macroscopic environment and social phenomenon of tourism activities in the Corona era, a new perception can be instilled. Fourth, visitors can expect to revitalize the tourism industry through the development and discovery of various programs. Thirdly, it will be possible to revitalize the local economy by giving meaning to the satisfaction of experiential tourism programs to tourists from all over the region's tourism business.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.459-469
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• 2017

Recently, the third mission as the new role of the university is being emphasized as contributing to the local community through active participation in local and regional problems as well as an economic contribution as an entrepreneurial university. Thus, overseas universities started various university-industry collaboration activities targeting sustainable development based on local community and improve their roles for regional regeneration and innovation. Universities in Korea also tend to set up a cooperative governance with various agents in the local community via university financial support projects by the government and started to promote the university-industry collaboration project for solving the problem of the local community. Therefore, this research tries to find implications in order to expand the role and responsibility as local university and reinforce substantiality and enhancement of university-industry collaboration through a case analysis of university-industry collaboration to solve the problem in local communities in foreign countries. In order to solve the problem of local communities based on local agents-led small-sized projects, it is requested to improve the more active role of the university, local governments and university students.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.108-123
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• 2024

In particular, as the current educational institutions are becoming more competitive, universities need to make efforts to survive the fierce competition by improving their service qualities. In this situation, this study was conducted to confirm the effect of international students' evaluation of university service quality on university loyalty through university satisfaction and service engagements, And several implications can be suggested as follows. First, the dimensions of university service quality were identified as important factors that had a great influence on the university satisfaction of international students. Among the service quality dimensions, support services related to international students were found to be the most important variable in university satisfaction. The school's efforts to solve the inconvenience of international students and the grievances of students who feel difficulties that their own students do not feel are considered a very important factor in the satisfaction of international students. Second, it was found that international students' class engagement or friendship engagement can be increased through satisfaction with the school, and eventually, the increased engagements affect university loyalty. In particular, it has been verified that for international students, the loyalty of the school can be increased by establishing friendships with students from various countries and participating in various school programs. Finally, according to the purposes of studying abroad, the difference was confirmed between the groups studying for academic development and better employment and the group employed for overseas experience and immigration.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2024

Through the development of construction technology, various construction projects such as redevelopment projects, undergrounding of roads, expansion of subways, and metro railways are being carried out. However, this has led to an increase in the number of construction projects in existing urban centers and neighborhoods, resulting in an increase in the number of damages and disputes between neighboring buildings and residents, as well as an increase in safety accidents due to the aging of existing buildings. In this study, digital data was applied to a graphics program to objectify the progress of cracks by comparing the creation of cracks and the increase in length and width through photographic images and presenting the degree of cracks numerically. Through the application of the program, the error caused by the subjective judgment of crack change, which was mentioned as a shortcoming of the existing field survey, was solved. It is expected that the program can be used universally in the building diagnosis process by improving its reliability if supplemented and improved in the process of use. As a follow-up study, it is necessary to apply the extraction algorithm of the digital graphic data program to calculate the length and width of the crack by itself without human intervention in the preprocessing work and to check the overall change of the building.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.340-347
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• 2024

In this study, an expert survey was conducted using the Delphi technique to select items and indicators for evaluation before installing educational facilities in the marine fisheries safety field, in which the educational infrastructure gap between regions is wide. Seven indicators were selected as geographic, social, and administrative factors. In order to objectively evaluate each indicator, evaluation indicators that could be evaluated using public data such as the "Comprehensive National Balanced Development Information System" and "National Statistical Portal" were developed. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applied to select the weight for each indicator, resulting in 10 most important influencing factors on the selection of the location of educational facilities of the Marine Fisheries Safety Education Facilities: the distribution of marine officers, access to high-speed railways, the number of small ships less than 5 tons, access to highways interchange, the distribution of fishing boats, the close relationship of related industries, the planned new port, the distribution of commercial ports, the number of marine leisure riders, and the availability of long-term land leases in local government councils. The location evaluation index of marine and fishery safety education facilities developed in this study can be used to evaluate each region using national public data, and has the advantage of enabling objective evaluation. Therefore, it is judged that this evaluation index can be used to verify the feasibility of installing marine fisheries safety education facilities as well as other marine-related facilities.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.22
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• pp.157-199
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• 2009

The organization for managing records and archives did not emerge together with the founding of the Chinese Communist Party. Such management became active with the establishment of the Department of Documents (文書科) and its affiliated offices overseeing reading and safekeeping of official papers, after the formation of the Central Secretariat(中央秘書處) in 1926. Improving the work of the Secretariat's organization became the focus of critical discussions in the early 1930s. The main criticism was that the Secretariat had failed to be cognizant of its political role and degenerated into a mere "functional organization." The solution to this was the "politicization of the Secretariat's work." Moreover, influenced by the "Rectification Movement" in the 1940s, the party emphasized the responsibility of the Resources Department (材料科) that extended beyond managing documents to collecting, organizing and providing various kinds of important information data. In the mean time, maintaining security with regard to composing documents continued to be emphasized through such methods as using different names for figures and organizations or employing special inks for document production. In addition, communications between the central political organs and regional offices were emphasized through regular reports on work activities and situations of the local areas. The General Secretary not only composed the drafts of the major official documents but also handled the reading and examination of all documents, and thus played a central role in record processing. The records, called archives after undergoing document processing, were placed in safekeeping. This function was handled by the "Document Safekeeping Office(文件保管處)" of the Central Secretariat's Department of Documents. Although the Document Safekeeping Office, also called the "Central Repository(中央文庫)", could no longer accept, beginning in the early 1930s, additional archive transfers, the Resources Department continued to strengthen throughout the 1940s its role of safekeeping and providing documents and publication materials. In particular, collections of materials for research and study were carried out, and with the recovery of regions which had been under the Japanese rule, massive amounts of archive and document materials were collected. After being stipulated by rules in 1931, the archive classification and cataloguing methods became actively systematized, especially in the 1940s. Basically, "subject" classification methods and fundamental cataloguing techniques were adopted. The principle of assuming "importance" and "confidentiality" as the criteria of management emerged from a relatively early period, but the concept or process of evaluation that differentiated preservation and discarding of documents was not clear. While implementing a system of secure management and restricted access for confidential information, the critical view on providing use of archive materials was very strong, as can be seen in the slogan, "the unification of preservation and use." Even during the revolutionary movement and wars, the Chinese Communist Party continued their efforts to strengthen management and preservation of records & archives. The results were not always desirable nor were there any reasons for such experiences to lead to stable development. The historical conditions in which the Chinese Communist Party found itself probably made it inevitable. The most pronounced characteristics of this process can be found in the fact that they not only pursued efficiency of records & archives management at the functional level but, while strengthening their self-awareness of the political significance impacting the Chinese Communist Party's revolution movement, they also paid attention to the value possessed by archive materials as actual evidence for revolutionary policy research and as historical evidence of the Chinese Communist Party.