• 대한간호학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.478-488
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and examine the effects of a prenatal program on environmental health behavior using cartoon comics among Korean pregnant women. Methods: This study used a non-equivalent control group pre-test/post-test design. The program used cartoon comics to explore environmental health behaviors during pregnancy. The program consisted of the following four components: environmental toxicants during pregnancy, avoiding particulate matter during pregnancy, environmental toxicants during baby care, and making a healthy environment for children. In total, 35 pregnant women participated in the study: 18 in the experimental group and 17 in the control group. Data collection and program adaptation were conducted between November 3, 2020 and January 19, 2021. The effect of the prenatal education program was evaluated by t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: Learning experience (t = - 2.35, p = .025), feasibility (t = - 2.46, p = .019), satisfaction (t = - 2.23, p = .032) were higher in the experimental group than in the control group in the first post-test. Feasibility (t = - 2.40, p = .022) was higher in the experimental group than in the control group in the second post-test. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed significant interactions between time and group in environmental susceptibility (F = 9.31, p < .001), self-efficacy (F = 3.60, p = .033), and community behavior (F = 5.41, p = .007). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the need for a prenatal education program to promote environmental health perceptions and behavior during pregnancy. We suggest a prenatal class adopting the creative cartoon comics to promote the maternal environmental health behaviors.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the 1% chlorhexidine gluconate/61% ethanol (CHG/ethanol), 45% ethanol/18% 1-propanol (ethanol/propanol) and 7.5% povidone-iodine (PVI) scrub with brush to evaluate their antimicrobial effect. Method: Utilizing repeated measures design, 9 nurses participated in the study. Glove juice sampling procedure was used to evaluate microbial hand counts before the surgical hand antisepsis, one minute after hand wash, and after the surgery. Results: Waterless rub using CHG and ethanol combination resulted in a 3.94 log reduction at 1 min and 2.78 log reduction at 3 hrs. Ethanol/propanol resulted in a 2.42 at 1 min and 2.22 at 3 hrs. The traditional scrub using PVI with brush resulted in a 0.94 at 1 min and 0.95 at 3 hrs (p=.003) and 3 hrs (p=.026) after the surgical hand antisepsis. Repeated measures ANOVA results showed that there was a statistically significant difference among group (p=.002). Duncan post hoc test result showed that the PVI was less effective (p<.05) in sterilizing microbials on hands than CHG/ethanol or ethanol/propanol. Conclusion: Both of the two alcohol-based antiseptic rubs are acceptable alternatives to the PVI with brush for surgical hand antisepsis.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2023

본 연구는 간호학과 재학 중인 3학년을 대상으로 이압요법이 지각된 스트레스와 수면의 질에 미치는 효과를 확인하기 위한 비동등성 플라시보 대조군 전후설계이다. 연구의 대상자는 K대학교에서 처치군 30명, 대조군 30명, 총 60명을 선정하여 2022년 3월 2일부터 4월 26일까지 8주간 자료를 수집하였다. 처치군은 귀의 반응점(신문, 심, 시상)에 압봉 스티커를 부착하여 1일 3회 이압을 적용하였고, 플라시보 대조군은 동일한 기간에 동일한 방법으로 귀의 반응점(고관절, 무릎, 발목)에 적용하였다. 자료는 SPSS 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 처치군과 플라시보 대조군의 시점별 지각된 스트레스와 수면의 질은 independent t-test, 경과에 따른 종속변수의 변화는 repeated measures ANOVA로 분석하였다. 처치군의 지각된 스트레스 점수는 중재 4주 후 2.28점, 중재 8주 후 2.07점으로 유의하게 감소하였고, 수면의 질 점수는 중재 4주 후 3.37점, 중재 8주 후 4.02점으로 유의하게 증가하여 시간이 경과함에 따라 지속 효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.648-659
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• 2022

이 연구의 목적은 산욕기 여성의 요통, 관절 운동 범위 및 산후 우울증에 대한 수지요법의 효과를 조사하는 것이다. 방법: 자료수집은 2022년 3월 21일부터 5월 1일까지 하였으며, 대상자는 산욕기여성 40명이었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 21.0을 사용하여 𝛘²-test와 independent t-test, Repeated measures ANOVA, Scheffe's test를 수행되었다. 대조군에 비해 수지요법을 실시한 실험군의 요통점수가 낮았고 관절가동범위 각도는 커진 것으로 나타났다. 또한 산후우울감 점수 역시 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며 이러한 결과들이 모두 통계적으로 유의하였다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 수지요법은 요통, 관절가동범위, 산후우울감에 효과적인 비침습적 중재법으로 활용될 수 있음을 확인하였고, 이에 따른 시사점 및 추가연구의 방향성 등을 제언하였다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.295-310
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• 2023

Background: The long-term care (LTC) group has higher rates of chronic disease and disability registration compared to the general older people population. There is a need to provide integrated medical services and care for LTC group. Consequently, this study aimed to identify medical usage patterns based on the ratings of LTC and the characteristics of benefits usage in the LTC group. Methods: This study employed the National Health Insurance Service Database to analyze the effects of demographic and LTC-related characteristics on medical usage from 2015 to 2019 using a repeated measures analysis. A longitudinal logit model was applied to binary data, while a linear mixed model was utilized for continuous data. Results: In the case of LTC ratings, a positive correlation was observed with overall medical usage. In terms of LTC benefit usage characteristics, a higher overall level of medical usage was found in the group using home care benefits. Detailed analysis by medical institution classification revealed a maintained correlation between care ratings and the volume of medical usage. However, medical usage by classification varied based on the characteristics of LTC benefit usage. Conclusion: This study identified a complex interaction between LTC characteristics and medical usage. Predicting the requisite medical services based on the LTC rating presented a challenge. Consequently, it becomes essential for the LTC group to continuously monitor medical and care needs, even after admission into the LTC system. To facilitate this, it is crucial to devise an LTC rating system that accurately reflects medical needs and to broaden the implementation of integrated medical-care policies.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.201-211
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of trunk stabilization exercises using a Reformer on trunk control, balance ability, and gait function in chronic stroke patients. Methods: The participants were 24 chronic stroke patients, randomly divided into two groups: trunk stabilization exercise using the Reformer group (TS-R, n = 12) and general trunk stabilization exercise group (GT-E, n = 12). Assessment methods included the Trunk Impairment Scale for trunk control, the AMTI force platform for static balance, the Timed Up and Go test for dynamic balance, and the Dynamic Gait Index for gait function. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention. The intervention for the TS-R group consisted of bridging exercises using a Reformer, while the GT-E group performed bridging exercises on a mat. All interventions were performed for 17 minutes per session, five times a week, for a total of 20 sessions over four weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated-measures ANOVA to analyze the interaction between groups and time. Results: The results of the repeated measures ANOVA indicated a significant interaction between the groups and time. The TS-R group showed statistically significant differences in all variables before and after the intervention. In contrast, the GT-E group did not show statistically significant differences in any variables before and after the intervention. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that trunk stabilization exercises using a reformer are effective in improving trunk control, balance ability, and gait function in chronic stroke patients.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.771-783
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• 2022

In this study, the feasibility of alternative tractor Roll Over Protective Structure (ROPS) designed to evaluate conditions required for testing was confirmed. In accordance with Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) code 4, the required load energy of the tractor ROPS was determined. First, the tractor ROPS test was performed and a repeated test was performed using a simplified ROPS as an alternative tractor ROPS. The test procedure is first rearward, second lateral, and last forward based on ROPS. The load test device consists of a load cell that measures force and a LVDT that measures deformation. Precision was confirmed by calculating the relative standard deviation of the simplified ROPS repeated test. Accuracy was analyzed by calculating the mean relative error between the mean measured values in the simplified ROPS test and the tractor ROPS test. As a result, the relative standard deviation was less than 2.5% for force and 3.3% for maximum deformation overall, showed the highest precision in lateral load. The mean relative error value for force measured at the lateral load of simplified ROPS was 0.5%, showing the highest accuracy. In the front load test, the mean relative error of maximum deformation was 20.5%, showing the lowest accuracy. The mean relative error (MRE) was high in the forward load test was because of structural factors of the ROPS. The simplified ROPS model is expected to save money and time spent preparing tractors.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2006

This paper describes the slaughter check results of breeding pigs from the Korean Swine Testing Station for the control of endemic diseases. Gross lesions monitored in the present study included those conditions commonly associated with economically significant subclinical herd infections: enzootic pneumonia, pleuropneumonia, pleuritis, atrophic rhinitis, liver white spots, papular dermatitis and ileitis. A total of 128 slaughter pigs were investigated at 4 subsequent tests according to the slaughter check procedures established. The prevalence of enzootic pneumonia, pleuropneumonia and pleuritis in the initial test was 67.9%, 28.6% and 17.9%, respectively. However, these were decreased to 46.7%, 6.7% and 6.7%, respectively, in the last test after implementation of counter measures including clean-up protocols and medication programs (p > 0.05). The mean pneumonic score also significantly decreased from 6.8 in the initial test to 2.8 in the last test. The prevalence of atrophic rhinitis (${\geq}score\;2$) was 32.2% and mean atrophic rhinitis score of 1.1 were recorded. However, no significant improvement of conditions was achieved with the counter measures indicating that atrophic rhinitis was originated from the source herds and lesions developed early in the life. In the initial test, prevalence of liver white spots and papular dermatitis lesions was 21.4% and 25.0%, respectively. These conditions were cleaned by the implementation of parasite control measures with all-in all-out, strict clean-up protocols and proper medications adopted in the present study (liver white spots, p = 0.0124; papular dermatitis lesions, p = 0.0055). The prevalence of ileitis lesions in slaughter pigs from the initial test was 28.6%, it could be gradually reduced by the use of repeated treatments and control measures but the effect was not so significant (p > 0.05). In conclusion, slaughter check procedures were successfully established and applied for the control of endemic diseases in the Korean Swine Testing Station.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different heel height on the electromyographic (EMG) activity in Rectus abdominis (RA) and Erector spinae (ES) during gait activity. Methods : A repeated measures design was used. 33 healthy females carried out a standardized gait activity under 3 conditions; with heel wedges of 1, 7, and 12cm in height. EMG activity was recorded from RA and ES during the activity. Data was analysed using the repeated one-way ANOVA. Results : First, as the shoe-heel height was getting higher, change of muscle activation indicated the statistically significant difference in rectus abdominis(p<0.05). Second, as the shoe-heel height was getting higher, change of muscle activation indicated the statistically significant difference in erector spinae(p<0.05). Conclusion : We found that as heel height increased, there was an increase in EMG activity in both RA and ES. This indicated that no RA : ES imbalance was elicited. This study provides information that will inform future research on how heel height affects muscle activity around the trunk.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.550-559
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of the integrated dementia managing programme for the elderly with mild dementia in which the physiological, cognitive, emotional, sociological and spiritual aspects have considered. Methods: This study employed non-equivalent control group pre-post tests with the repeated measure design. The subjects of the study were 39 elderly with mild dementia (20 in the experimental group and 19 in the control group) who have admitted to two nursing homes in B city. The data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There were significant interactions between two groups and times in self-efficacy (p=.011), cognitive function (p<.001), depression (p=.005), spiritual well-being (p=.002), and quality of life (p=.037). The integrated dementia managing programme of this study showed significant positive effects on the quality of life for the elderly with mild dementia. Conclusion: On considering the current trends of aging and increasing number of the elderly with dementia, this integrated programme would be highly recommended to be used in nursing homes for the elderly with mild dementia, and contribute to improving their quality of life, and saving the social and medical expenses as well.