• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.324-339
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• 2005

The WTO/DDA Negotiation on the Fisheries Subsidies started by DDA(Doha Development Agenda : 2001.11)at early 2002 has been held about 20 times until the fist half of 2005. The Negotiation will be terminated until the end of 2005 but now, it is impossible to predict the exact conclusion of the Negotiation. There is a sharp conflict of opinion on the WTO/DDA Negotiation on the Fisheries Subsidies between FFG(Fish Friends Groups : USA, New Zealand etc) and Anti-FFG(Rep. Korea, Japan etc). The Fisheries Subsidies is regulated by the WTO/DDA Negotiation that regulates on the subsidies of industrial products, fisheries products, forest products. Considering the progress of the WTO/DDA Negotiation on the Fisheries Subsidies, Guidelines for the Fisheries Subsidies Negotiation were established in Doha Ministerial Declaration at 2001 and a necessity of a special regulation on the Fisheries Subsidies has been discussed from 2002 to 2004. After june, 2004, the Negotiation was proceeding as Rep. Korea, Japan and Taiwan agreed with discussing a special regulation on the Fisheries Subsidies and At 1st, August, 2004, they reached an agreement on a necessity of a special regulation on the Fisheries Subsidies. At Feb, 2005, discussion was suspended because of presenting the joint proposal from 3 countries(Rep. Korea, Japan and Taiwan) and now discussion on the Fisheries Subsidies is giving the first consideration to classification of prohibited/non-actionable subsidies, S&D of a developing countries, small fisheries, problems of farming, grace period etc. From now on, Considering the 18th~the 20th negotiations, it is expected that discussion of fisheries subsidies regulation including property and range of prohibited/non-actionable subsidies, S&D of a developing countries, a definition of small fisheries is accelerated. In this point of view, this paper analyzed and arranged every country's proposals holding our own position and took a survey to fishermen and fisheries experts about prohibited/non-actionable subsidies. In addition, this paper intends to suggest the way of future-negotiation and provides essential data to help government's policy making through analyzing prohibited/ non-actionable subsidies, farming subsidies, S&D of a developing countries, small scale fisheries.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.515-530
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• 2001

Recently Korean statistician have more chance to work with other researcher in other countries at international level. Especially the 53rd Scientist meeting of he International Statistical Institute(ISI) will be held in Seoul, Rep. of Korea at Aug 22-29, 2001. The fields of Statistics in Korea have been affected a lot from American Statistical Society. In this research communication, I would like to introduce a short history of he Italian statistical society and their major research topic and outputs. The contents will help us to understand the Italian statistician, and it can be a conner-stone to the future relationship between Korean statistician and Italian statistician.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.324-327
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• 2011

SolarPACES(Solar Power and Chemical Energy systems) is an international organization under the REWP(Renewable Energy Working Party)in the IEA(International Energy Agency) and focuses on the technology development and market expansion of CSP(Concentrating Solar Power). Seventeen countries including Rep. of Korea participate in the ExCo(Executive Committee) of SolarPACES. The ExCo meeting helds two times in a year and the second ExCo meeting opens in company with the five Task meetings. Rep. of Korea takes part in the Task-1officially. The 81th ExCo and Task meetings were held during September 18 and 19 in Spain with SolarPACES conference which also continued in succession to September 23 in this year. This paper introduces the activities which have been under progressed in the Task-1 and Task-3based on this time attendance of the meeting. In accordance with the expansion of CSP market and technology development, the needs for the standardization and project status underway in the world are increasing. Therefore, build an international project database and standard of the CSP technology are the main activities in the Task-1 and the standardization is also connected with the Task-3. In addition, to increase the reliability of the new technology of CSP and to reduce the concern of investors, the Task-1 is making guidelines for CSP performance prediction which can provide medium quality calculated performance data of PTC(Parabolic Trough Concentrator) type technology widely used and occupies over 90% CSP market.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.228-236
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• 2013

Campylobacter jejuni is one of important food-borne pathogens causing human gastroenteritis. We isolated 42 strains of C. jejuni from diarrhea patients and 4 food-poisoning outbreaks in 2010, Gyeonggi-do. In this study, 42 strains were tested for genetic characteristics, the serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistant rate. The presence of hipO (100%), cdtB (100%), and mutated gyrA (95.2%) genes was detected in C. jejuni by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Detection of mutated gyrA gene correlated with ciprofloxacin resistance. Forty isolates had mutated gyrA gene and were actually resistant to ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, comparing the gyrA DNA sequence data, ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates had a mutation of the DNA sequence from ACA (threonine) to ATA (isoleucine). But 41 strains (97.6%) of patient isolates were susceptible to erythromycin and azithromycin. A total of 35.7% among 42 C. jejuni isolates were identified into 4 different serotypes. The serotype distribution of C. jejuni strains were shown to be HS2(B), HS3(C), HS4(D), HS19(O). To investigate the genotypes of C. jejuni isolated in Gyeonggi province, repetitive sequence polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) analysis and SmaI-digested pulsed-filed gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile analysis were performed. From the PFGE analysis of 42 C. jejuni strains, 12 clusters of PFGE profile were obtained. On the other hand, 11 clusters of rep-PCR profile were obtained from 42 strains of C. jejuni.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.789-792
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• 1999

The complete nucleotide sequence of pKH4, a small multidrug resistance (smr) plasmid isolated from multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus SA5, was determined. Sequence analysis has revealed that pKH4 has two open reading frames for Rep and Smr proteins. The comparison of the amino acid sequence of Smr protein of pKH4 with those of other Smr proteins of various Staphylococcus showed that Smr protein of pKH4 is a new member of the SMR family.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.330-331
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.328-329
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• 2006

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.2052-2059
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• 2017

The emergence and dissemination of Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1) are strongly associated with the occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) enterobacteria in humans and animals. Diverse SGI1s have been reported among Salmonella enterica and Proteus mirabilis in several countries. We aimed to characterize SGI1 in P. mirabilis isolates from humans and chickens in Chungcheong Province, Korea. A total of 44 P. mirabilis isolates were recovered from humans (n = 20) and chickens (n = 24). Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion assay. To detect and characterize SGI1s, PCR amplification and PCR mapping experiments were performed. Repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (REP-PCR) was performed to assess the clonality of the isolates. The four P. mirabilis strains (16.7%) from chicken harbored a SGI1, whereas none of the isolates from clinical specimens contained SGI1. The SGI1s detected in our study were all confirmed as SGI1-PmABB harboring aminoglycoside-resistant genes (aacCA5 and aadA7). In P. mirabilis isolates, the presence of SGI1-PmABB was significantly correlated with high resistance rates of the isolates to antimicrobial agents, such as gentamicin, streptomycin, and spectinomycin. Moreover, the four SGI1-bearing isolates showed the same REP-PCR patterns and that suggested both horizontal and clonal spread of the isolates. This study is the first attempt to determine SGI1s in P. mirabilis isolates in Korea. We confirmed that P. mirabilis isolates carrying SGI1-PmABB were distributed at poultry farms in Korea. The present study emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring of SGI1s to prevent spreading of the MDR genomic islands among P. mirabilis isolates from humans and animals.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.666-672
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• 2017

Our research team is developing a 6-DOF manipulator for narrow workspaces in press forming processes, such as placing PEM nuts on the bottom of a chassis. In this paper, kinematic analysis was performed for the position control of the manipulator, along with structural analyses for position accuracy with different payloads. First, the Denavit-Hatenberg (DH) parameters are defined, and then the forward and backward kinematic equations are presented using the DH parameters. The kinematic model was verified by visual simulation using Coppelia Robotics' virtual robot experimentation platform (V-REP). Position accuracy analysis was performed through structural analyses of deflection due to self-weight and deflection under full payload (5 kgf) in fully opened and fully folded states. The maximum generated stress was 22.05 MPa in the link connecting axes 2 and 3, which was confirmed to be structurally safe when considering the materials of the parts.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.575-582
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• 2018

Bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) caused by Acidovorax citrulli is a devastating disease found in many cucurbits cultivation fields. The genetic diversity for 29 strains of A. citrulli collected from various cucurbits in South Korea was determined by DNA fingerprinting with a pathogenicity test, multi locus analysis, Rep-PCR (repetitive sequence polymerase chain reaction), and URP (universal rice primers) PCR bands. Two distinct groups (Korean Clonal Complex, KCC1 and KCC2) in the population were identified based on group specific genetic variation in the multi locus phylogeny using six conserved loci and showed a very high similarity with DNA sequences for representative foreign groups [the group I (CC1-1 type) and the group II (CC2-5 type)] widely distributed worldwide, respectively. Additionally, in the case of phaC, a new genotype was found within each Korean group. The KCC1 was more heterogeneous compared to the KCC2. The KCC1 recovered mainly from melons and watermelons (ratio of 6 : 3) and 15 of the 20 KCC2 strains recovered from watermelons were dominant in the pathogen population. Accordingly, this study found that two distinct groups of differentiated A. citrulli exist in South Korea, genetically very similar to representative foreign groups, with a new genotype in each group resulting in their genetic diversity.