• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2019

국방 분야에서 무인 차량의 주행로는 포장 도로 뿐만 아니라, 자주 다양한 변화를 갖는 야지의 비포장 도로 등이 포함된다. 이 무인 차량은 주로 험지나 오지에서 감시 및 정찰, 진지 방어 등을 수행하므로 자율 주행을 위해서 예측하지 못했던 다양한 주행로와 환경을 수시로 접하게 되며, 이에 따라 추가 학습이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 'Forgetting' 문제를 피하면서 거리 비교와 Class 비교를 통해 빠르게 추가 학습이 가능하도록 Approximate Nearest Neighbor를 수정한 GPU 기반 Additional Learning Nearest Neighbor(ALNN) 알고리즘을 제안한다. 또 ALNN 알고리즘은 학습 데이터가 누적될수록 연산 속도가 저하되는 문제가 있고, 본 연구에서는 OpenGL Shading Language 기반의 GPU 병렬 처리를 사용하여 이를 해결하였다. ALNN 알고리즘은 기존의 학습 데이터에 영향을 주지 않으면서 빠르게 추가 학습이 가능하여, 빈번히 실시간으로 재학습이 필요한 국방 등의 분야에 활용될 수 있다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2021

The objective of this research is to devise a BARS evaluation system as a performance evaluation plan for non-face-to-face capstone design and to verify the validity through the expert FGI as the remote education is highlighted as a new normal standard in the post corona epoch. The conclusion of this research is as follows. First, the non-face-to-face capstone design is a competency centered subject that allows you to develop the engineering and majoring knowledge and its function and attitude, and the achievement of program outcome is the objective competency, and the researcher proposes the BARS method evaluation, one of competency evaluation method, as a new performance evaluation plan. Second, for the evaluation of PO achievement of non-face-to-face capstone design, the researcher deduced 20 behavior identification standard(anchor) of BARS evaluation system, and developed the achievement standard per 4 levels. Third, as the evaluation tool of non-face-to-face capstone design, the presentation data(PPT), presentation video, product such as trial product(model), non-face-to-face class participation video, discussion participating video, team activity report, and result report for the evidential data of BARS evaluation were appeared as proper. Finally, the BARS evaluation plan of non-face-to-face capstone design would be efficiently made through the establishment of evaluation plan, the establishment of grading standard of BARS evaluation scale, the determination of evaluation subject and online BARS evaluation site.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.34-45
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• 2021

This research is a case study about "Critical Thinking and Debate Education" class which was done for freshmen at the engineering college of "S" Women's University. Real time remote classes through LMS and ZOOM were the most effective tools under on-line circumstances, considering the fact that video lectures only cannot cultivate students' capabilities of critical thinking and communication. Throughout the analysis on students' self-reflection journals and lecture evaluations, this paper examined considerable future points and the pros and cons of "Critical Thinking and Debate Education" under online presentation and discussion situation. As research outputs, students told they could feel less nervousness and anxiety when they exercise and have a presentation because they could choose familiar space for them. In addition, students also told that they feel comfortable about both self-feedback and peer evaluation, repeatedly seeing the recorded video clip. However, on the contrary, sometimes students felt uncomfortable due to unstable internet connection through the online classes, and they also were regretful about the missing chances of interaction between a teacher and students and of intimate exchanges among students. They also told they had felt a kind of limit of enhancing their presentation skills just in front of the monitor. Considering these outcomes, this research paper points out that online education needs to be proceeded by strengthening multi layered feedback to students with the build-up of a non-face-to-face stable educational infrastructure, application of online instructional strategy, and utilization of YouTube platform and video contents. Through this research paper, I hope the new system of encompassing on/off line "Critical Thinking and Debate Education" and effective teaching and learning method can be developed soon by strengthening the strength of online education.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2022

최근 코로나바이러스감염증-19(COVID-19)로 인해 온라인 원격 수업과 비대면 시험으로 인해 수업 태도 및 시험 부정행위에 대한 관리가 어려움을 겪고 있다. 따라서 온라인으로 학생들의 행동을 자동으로 인식하고 검출하는 시스템이 필요하다. 사람의 행동을 인식하는 행동 인식의 경우 컴퓨터 비전에서 많이 연구되는 기술 중 하나이다. 이러한 시스템을 개발하기 위해서는 온라인 수업 및 시험에서 주요 정보가 될 수 있는 사람의 팔 움직임 정보와 주변 물체에 대한 정보를 포함하는 데이터가 필요하다. 기존 데이터 세트는 여러 분야에 대해 분류를 하거나 일상생활 행동으로 구성되어 있어 본 시스템에 적용시키기에 어려움이 있다. 본 논문에서는 실시간으로 진행되는 온라인 시험 및 수업에서 태도를 분류할 수 있는 데이터 세트를 제시한다. 또한, 기존의 행동 인식 데이터 세트와의 비교를 통해 제안된 데이터 세트가 올바르게 구성되었는지를 보여준다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권5_3호
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• pp.1109-1123
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• 2020

국토 대부분이 산림으로 구성되어 있는 대한민국은 매 년 많은 산불이 발생한다. 산불은 토양의 전단강도를 약화시켜 산사태에 취약한 토양층을 만들기도 하고, 수목의 복구가능여부에 따라 다른 계획 설립이 필요하기 때문에 산불피해면적 뿐만 아니라 피해강도에 대한 파악도 중요하다. 위성 원격탐사를 통한 산불피해강도 추정 연구가 많이 수행되어 왔으나, NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)와 NBR(Normalized Burn Ratio) 등과 같은 단일 인자의 시계열 변화만을 이용하여 피해강도를 파악하기에는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 Sentinel-1A SAR-C (Synthetic Aperture Radar-C)와 Sentinel-2A MSI(Multi Spectral Instrument)센서의 자료를 이용하여 기계학습방법을 통한 산불 피해강도 탐지 모델들을 제시하였다. 2017년 5월 삼척, 2019년 4월 강릉·동해, 2019년 4월 고성·속초 총 세개의 산불사례를 이용하여 RF(Random forest), LR(Logistic regression), SVM(Support Vector Machine)기계학습 모델을 구축하였다. 연구결과, random forest 모델이 82.3%의 총정확도로 가장 높은 성능을 보여주었다. 모델의 범용성 및 학습자료 민감도 확인을 위해 사례교차검증도 추가 시행하였는데, 그 결과 사례들의 시기적 차이에 의한 식생활력 및 재생도의 차이에 민감도가 높음을 확인하였다. 이는 추후 다양한 시공간적 사례를 추가할 시 개선이 될 것으로 보인다.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2014

Landsat OLI 위성영상은 다양한 분광정보 밴드를 포함하고 있기 때문에, 토지피복지도 생성, 도심지역의 분석, 식생지수의 추출, 변화탐지 모니터링 등과 같은 다양한 원격탐사 분야에 활용할 수 있다. 또한, 토지피복지도는 GIS 및 국토 모니터링에 있어서 필수적인 정보이다. 본 연구에서는 Landsat OLI 위성과 기존의 토지피복지도를 활용하여 토지피복지도를 생성하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 기존의 토지피복지도와 K-means 기법의 상관관계를 활용하여 훈련자료를 자동으로 생성하였으며, 생성된 훈련자료를 이용하여 각 클래스 별 분광 반사율 값을 추정하였다. 최종적으로, 반복적인 분광혼합분석을 통하여 각 클래스 별 점유 비율 영상과 토지피복지도를 생성하였다. 청주시 일대에 대한 토지피복지도와 Landsat OLI 위성영상을 활용한 실험을 수행하였으며, 감독분류 기법에 대한 결과 및 기존 토지피복지도와의 비교평가를 통하여 본 연구에서 제안된 기법이 수동으로 취득한 훈련자료가 없어도 효과적으로 토지피복지도를 생성할 수 있음을 정량적, 시각적으로 확인하였다.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1621-1621
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• 2001

The quality of sugarcane grown on the NE Australian tropical coast ($16^{\circ}$15'- $18^{\circ}$15' S Lat.) has declined markedly in the past seven years. This has been linked to dilution of mill-supply cane with increasing levels of non mature-stalk material consisting of leaves and sucker culms. The prime research objective was to examine the transition from the pre-harvest, in-field crop to harvested material sent for processing, in terms of quality and crop fraction proportions. A secondary objective was to quantify the effects of preharvest-season crop habit and culm condition on crop quality. Ten quadrat samples from each of 54 random crop sites (17 in 1999 and 37 in 2000), covering a wide range of variables (cultivar, crop class, and edaphic, topographic, climatic, and temporal factors) were collected immediately before harvest. Samples were partitioned into four fractions:- sound and unsound mature stalks (culms), sucker culms, and extraneous matter (leaves). Material harvested from each site was sampled and partitioned into four fractions:- sound and unsound billets (culm pieces), culm-spindle pieces, and leaf. In 2000, before harvest, 14 additional sites were sampled monthly, on three occasions, from March - June. Erect and non-erect culms were divided into sound and unsound classes. All samples were disintegrated and presented to a remote reflectance module of a scanning spectrophotometer using the BSES large cassette module. Near infra-red spectroscopic (NIS) analyses were developed for the rapid determination of quality components (Brix, commercial cane sugar (CCS), fibre, moisture, and polariscope reading). Calibrations for three material groups (culm (n = 639), non-culm (n = 496), and combined) were developed for all components using the 1999 data set. Two sub-sets (n = 178, and 190) of about 10% of the preharvest-season and harvest populations scanned in 2000 also were subjected to full routine laboratory analyses. The 1999 combined calibrations were excellent, but the culm calibrations produced consistently lower standard errors. Non-culm calibrations were marginally better than the combined for only CCS and pol. reading. Analysis of the 2000 culm data with calibrations using all 1999 and 2000 culm data resulted in better predictions relative to the 1999 culm calibrations. This also was true for the combined calibrations. Assessment of quality components in pre- and post-harvest sugarcane using NIS calibrations was more cost effective than using routine laboratory techniques. Outcomes from this NIS-facilitated research will have important economic consequences for the Australian sugarcane industry. Potential CCS present in mature culms is being discounted by dilution with leaves and sucker culms, threatening farm viability. The results question the efficacy of current harvesting technology. The CCS of harvested cane is improved only marginally over that of the in-field crop. Current harvesting technology requires either supplementary, innovative pre-mill processing or a design revolution to improve mill-supply cane quality, and therefore whole of industry economics. NIS-facilitated analyses, before the harvest season, highlighted the benefits of growing erect, sound crops. Loss of CCS then, can be minimized only by a combination of crop improvement and agronomic solutions, applied as part of sound on-farm management.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2014

Background: Hydrogels are a class of polymers that can absorb water or biological fluids and swell to several times their dry volume, dependent on changes in the external environment. In recent years, hydrogels and hydrogel nanocomposites have found a variety of biomedical applications, including drug delivery and cancer treatment. The incorporation of nanoparticulates into a hydrogel matrix can result in unique material characteristics such as enhanced mechanical properties, swelling response, and capability of remote controlled actuation. Materials and Methods: In this work, synthesis of hydrogel nanocomposites containing magnetic nanoparticles are studied. At first, magnetic nanoparticles ($Fe_3O_4$) with an average size 10 nm were prepared. At second approach, thermo and pH-sensitive poly (N-isopropylacrylamide -co-methacrylic acid-co-vinyl pyrrolidone) (NIPAAm-MAA-VP) were prepared. Swelling behavior of co-polymer was studied in buffer solutions with different pH values (pH=5.8, pH=7.4) at $37^{\circ}C$. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles ($Fe_3O_4$) and doxorubicin were incorporated into copolymer and drug loading was studied. The release of drug, carried out at different pH and temperatures. Finally, chemical composition, magnetic properties and morphology of doxorubicin-loaded magnetic hydrogel nanocomposites were analyzed by FT- IR, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The results indicated that drug loading efficiency was increased by increasing the drug ratio to polymer. Doxorubicin was released more at $40^{\circ}C$ and in acidic pH compared to that $37^{\circ}C$ and basic pH. Conclusions: This study suggested that the poly (NIPAAm-MAA-VP) magnetic hydrogel nanocomposite could be an effective carrier for targeting drug delivery systems of anti-cancer drugs due to its temperature sensitive properties.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

King of Jujeong(周定王) named Jusuk(朱橚) was thought to be an exemplary character as a scholar and a politician, who was not an Oriental medical doctor but a compiler publishing a set of three medical books and a set of volumes on famine relief to save people in the areas of natural disasters or spring poverty. He was born on July 1, 1361 as the fifth son of Juwonjang(朱元璋), the first Emperor (1368-1398) of the Myeong-dynasty (1368-1644) of China. It was not clearly known about his mother other than assuming, but hard to ascertain, that she was from Goryeo, the ancient country in the Korean Peninsula, and became a loyal concubine of Juwonjang(朱元璋). He was the brother of Yeongrakje(永樂帝), the third Emperor(1402-1424) of the Myeong-dynasty. As a focal figure in the political forces at that time in the Myeong-dynasty, he had a life full of vicissitudes such as being removed from office, being exiled to a remote place, being scattered far and wide between family members, being implicated in the rebellion and so on. It seemed that he brushed up on his study, taking a class on an emir until the year of 1380 at the age of twenty. And he published "Bosaeng-yeorok(保生餘錄)" and "Bojebang(普濟方)" for eight years from 1381 to 1389 (at age 21-29), "Sujinbang(袖珍方)" in 1391 (at 31), and "Guhwangboncho(救荒本草)" in 1406 (at 46), republishing "Sujinbang(袖珍方)" in 1415 (at 65). Endowed with a brilliant talent from early days, Yeong-rakje(永樂帝) wrote the poem(the poem paying a high tribute to a King) well and composed one hundred pieces of poetry on the story of the Won Dynasty (1271-1368) of China. He leaded a quiet life in his later years and died a natural death at Gaebong(開封, a city in China) at 65 in 1425. He had 15 sons including king of Juheon(朱憲王) Yudon(有敦) and 11 daughters. His books contributed absolutely to the growth of Oriental medical field, and also to the increase in population, having influence on bringing about compilation of the books on Oriental medicine and famine relief of the Joseon Dynasty (the old Korean kingdom from AD 1392 to 1910).

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.217-231
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• 2021

'거꾸로 수업'으로 번역되는 플립드 러닝은 여러 연구와 매체들을 통하여 그 효과성을 인정받고 있으나 활용 시 교사에게 주어지는 지나친 수업 준비 부담의 한계를 지니고 있다. 그러나 온라인 러닝이 활성화됨에 따라 한국교육방송공사(EBS)가 제공하는 플랫폼(EBSmath)을 활용하면, 거꾸로 수업에 대한 교사의 수업 부담을 극복할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 거꾸로 수업 모델로 EBSmath를 활용하여 '비와 비율'의 학습하였을 때, 초등학교 6학년 학생들의 수학 학습 성취도와 수학적 성향에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이 중 수학 학습 성취도는 '개념 이해'와 '문제해결력'으로 구분하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 EBSmath를 활용한 거꾸로 수업은 학생들의 비와 비율 문제 해결에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 수학적 성향 중 '의지' 면에서 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 확인되었다.