• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.395-405
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• 2023

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate models using radiomics features on a native T1 map from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) to predict left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM). Materials and Methods: Data from 274 patients with NIDCM who underwent CMR imaging with T1 mapping at Severance Hospital between April 2012 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Radiomic features were extracted from the native T1 maps. LVRR was determined using echocardiography performed ≥ 180 days after the CMR. The radiomics score was generated using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression models. Clinical, clinical + late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), clinical + radiomics, and clinical + LGE + radiomics models were built using a logistic regression method to predict LVRR. For internal validation of the result, bootstrap validation with 1000 resampling iterations was performed, and the optimism-corrected area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed. Model performance was compared using AUC with the DeLong test and bootstrap. Results: Among 274 patients, 123 (44.9%) were classified as LVRR-positive and 151 (55.1%) as LVRR-negative. The optimism-corrected AUC of the radiomics model in internal validation with bootstrapping was 0.753 (95% CI, 0.698-0.813). The clinical + radiomics model revealed a higher optimism-corrected AUC than that of the clinical + LGE model (0.794 vs. 0.716; difference, 0.078 [99% CI, 0.003-0.151]). The clinical + LGE + radiomics model significantly improved the prediction of LVRR compared with the clinical + LGE model (optimism-corrected AUC of 0.811 vs. 0.716; difference, 0.095 [99% CI, 0.022-0.139]). Conclusion: The radiomic characteristics extracted from a non-enhanced T1 map may improve the prediction of LVRR and offer added value over traditional LGE in patients with NIDCM. Additional external validation research is required.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.435-445
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to understand the characteristics of volatile oranic compounds (VOCs) and provide information about the present Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) at residential apartments. All samples were collected in 60-min interval using the tenax absorption trap between May, 2011 and February, 2012. And the effects of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity and construction characteristics were analyzed in relation to the measured concentrations. The results of this study showed that the mean concentration of VOCs was lower than the Ministry of the Environment's standards for maintenance of indoor air quality. The correlation analysis showed that ethylbenzene and xylene (r=0.916, p<0.01), toluene and ehtylbenzene (r=0.810, p<0.01), toluene and xylene (r=0.803, p<0.01) and toluene and styrene (r=0.588, p<0.01) were significant. The result of regression analysis was found that the influenece factors associated with the concentration of VOCs were the age and location of the apartment, remodeling, the temperature and the season.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.92-100
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• 2017

In order to improve the functions of libraries in each region, it is necessary to establish the guideline of area of space size according to size and region. Therefore, this study aims to present the guideline of area of space size of public libraries for the revision of the manual of 2013. The study findings are as follows. First, the theoretical and preceding studies have raised a need to present the guidelines on the areas of public libraries nationwide since the guidelines of areas presented in Gyeonggi Province have been derived from the provincial libraries of Gyeonggi only. It is also necessary to analyze and verify the guidelines of areas of public libraries nationwide in Korea based on the guidelines of areas for Gyeonggi Province. Second, I have analyzed the areas of public libraries nationwide. I have conducted comparative analysis and verification in comparison with the areas in Gyeonggi Province through the ${\pm}5%$ error range presented in the existing manual, which has led to the conclusion that the guidelines of areas in Gyeonggi Province are within the error range and thus are applicable to public libraries nationwide. Third, I have presented the five different types of guidelines of areas. This study is expected to facilitate accelerating the decision-making and policy establishment as part of the construction and remodeling plans. In the future, however, more detailed studies on libraries bigger than $5,000m^2$ is needed.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.19-27
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• 2017

Purpose: The characteristics of site plan and space configuration of public dentistry through examining the public dental healthcare centers for the disabled in Korea and comparison between them are necessary for the development of planning of the dental healthcare system. This study has been started to provide basic informations such as nationwide distribution, site relationship, and space configuration for the planning of public dental hospital architecture. Methods: Literature review of publicness and public dental healthcare and investigation on current status of public dental healthcare center for the disabled in Korea have been conducted. The site plan and space configuration of eight public healthcare centers for the disabled have been analyzed. Results: The result of this study can be summarized in three points. The first one is that public dentistry in Korea are distributed public dental hospital for the disabled in Seoul and public dental healthcare centers for the disabled in eight provinces. The second one is that the types of the dental healthcare center for the disabled are divided with remodeling type which is diverted from existed dental or medical out patient clinic space or independent building type which is planned with a new and exclusive usage for the disabled. The third one is that the space configuration of dental healthcare center for the disabled is needed more required programs, larger treatment unit space, and more private clinic space than typical dental treatment plan. Implications: This study is the starting point for the research of public dentistry and it is necessary to analyze the dental prevention and dental public policy to develop the public dental healthcare system.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.462-470
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• 2022

Background Reactive oxygen species cause serious damage to the physiological function of tissues. Determination of total antioxidant capacity of skin tissue is one of the determinants of damaged tissue function. Mast cells (MCs) are one of the groups of cells that are invited to the site of injury. The healing process begins with the rapid release of various types of MCs' intermediate factors at the site of injury. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSC) production and secretion have been shown to regenerate the skin. The aim of this research was to evaluate the wound-healing and antioxidant effects of BMMSCs per MCs. Methods Fifty-four albino Wistar male rats were divided into three groups: (1) nonsurgery, (2) surgery, and (3) surgery + BMMSCs. Groups 2 and 3 were operated with a 3 × 8 cm flap and in group 3, cell injections (7 × 10⁹ cell injection at the time of surgery) were performed. After days 4, 7, and 15, percentage of the surviving tissue, histological characteristics, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the groups. For results, Graph Pad Prism 8 software was used, and data were analyzed and compared by analysis of variance and Tukey test. Results BMMSCs' application decreased the amount of MDA, increased SOD activity and survival rate of the flaps, and improved the histological characteristics. Conclusion This study revealed the protective effects BMMSCs alongside MCs against oxidative stress on the survival of the flaps. However, for clinical use, more research is needed to determine its benefits.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2023

This study is on the formation and the development process of urban space by referring to the literature in Yeosu where is the important location in logistics & transportation and maritime since the Japanese colonial period. There are many factors and results of the development process in Yeosu by the opening port, railroads, loads and industries. The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of the formation process of urban space and the characteristics of physical space in Yeosu. The results are as follow; The urban formation and development process in Yeosu where was a small fishing village in the 1910s is largely divided into four processes. Formation: the population increased due to constructions such as of a railroad, a port, and roads and there were many reclamations around the center of the old city center in the Japanese colonial period. Stagnation: There was no urban development due to stagnation, war, and the Yeo-sun Incident. Expand: the industrialization of the Yeocheon Industrial Complex and Gwangyang Steel and other areas around Yeosu led to a surge in Yeosu's population. To cope with this, the city was expanded through three land readjustment projects and the development of large-scale residential complexes. Decline and Remodeling: Yeosu's urban space declined due to the decline of fisheries and the decrease in marine and railway logistics. And the expansion and improvement of the transportation network for hosting the Yeosu World Expo increased the accessibility of the old city center, transforming it into a tourist city using cultural heritage and nature.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cross-sectional ratio of the courtyard, an external space that not only was used as a workplace, shelter, and playground in our lives, but also gave symbolic meaning to Koreans. Since the beginning of 2000, Hanok began to receive rapid attention from people, and Hanok construction and remodeling were actively carried out in urban and rural areas. In particular, Bukchon and Seochon in Seoul, around Cheonmachong in Gyeongju, and Hanok Village in Jeonju became popular places related to hanok, and Gyeongju, Buyeo, Gongju, and Iksan were designated as ancient districts to encourage the construction of hanok. However, although hanok is being built with national trends, support, and interest, attention is focused only on the external form, materials, and convenience of use, and the composition and system of the external space have not been properly reviewed. Therefore, this study aims to understand the functions and meanings of the yard in traditional housing, and to analyze the proportion of the height of the building surrounding the yard and the depth of the yard in terms of closure and opening. In addition, the system and characteristics of the external space of traditional architecture felt by this can be used as basic data in designing traditional architecture.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 2024

Objective : There is still controversy regarding whether neck remodeling stent affects the occurrence of silent embolic infarction (SEI) after aneurysm coiling. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate the incidence of SEI after stent-assisted coiling (SAC) using Neuroform Atlas Stent (NAS) and possible risk factors. This study also includes a comparison with simple coiling group during the same period to estimate the impact of NAS on the occurrence of SEI. Methods : This study included a total of 96 unruptured intracranial aneurysms in 96 patients treated with SAC using NAS. Correlations of demographic data, aneurysm characteristics, and angiographic parameters with properties of SEI were analyzed. The incidence and characteristics of SEI were investigated in 28 patients who underwent simple coiling during the same period, and the results were compared with the SAC group. Results : In the diffusion-weighted imaging obtained on the 1st day after SAC, a total of 106 SEI lesions were observed in 48 (50%) of 96 patients. Of these 48 patients, 38 (79.2%) had 1-3 lesions. Of 106 lesions, 74 (69.8%) had a diameter less than 3 mm. SEI occurred more frequently in older patients (≥60 years, p=0.013). The volume of SEI was found to be significantly increased in older age (≥60 years, p=0.032), hypertension (p=0.036), and aneurysm size ≥5 mm (p=0.047). The incidence and mean volume of SEI in the SAC group (n=96) were similar to those of the simple coiling group (n=28) during the same period. Conclusion : SEIs are common after NAS-assisted coiling. Their incidence in SAC was comparable to that in simple coiling. They occurred more frequently at an older age. Therefore, the use of NAS in the treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysm does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic events if antiplatelet premedication has been performed well.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.729-738
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• 2019

Objective: To assess the effects of iterative model reconstruction (IMR) on image quality for demonstrating non-calcific high-risk plaque characteristics of coronary arteries. Materials and Methods: This study included 66 patients (53 men and 13 women; aged 39-76 years; mean age, 55 ± 13 years) having single-vessel disease with predominantly non-calcified plaques evaluated using prospective electrocardiogram-gated 256-slice CT angiography. Paired image sets were created using two types of reconstruction: hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) and IMR. Plaque characteristics were compared using the two algorithms. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the images and the CNR between the plaque and adjacent adipose tissue were also compared between the two reformatted methods. Results: Seventy-seven predominantly non-calcified plaques were detected. Forty plaques showed napkin-ring sign with the IMR reformatted method, while nineteen plaques demonstrated napkin-ring sign with HIR. There was no statistically significant difference in the presentation of positive remodeling, low attenuation plaque, and spotty calcification between the HIR and IMR reconstructed methods (all p > 0.5); however, there was a statistically significant difference in the ability to discern the napkin-ring sign between the two algorithms (χ² = 12.12, p < 0.001). The image noise of IMR was lower than that of HIR (10 ± 2 HU versus 12 ± 2 HU; p < 0.01), and the SNR and CNR of the images and the CNR between plaques and surrounding adipose tissues on IMR were better than those on HIR (p < 0.01). Conclusion: IMR can significantly improve image quality compared with HIR for the demonstration of coronary artery and atherosclerotic plaques using a 256-slice CT.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.585-592
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• 2004

Our previous studies demonstrated that relaxin in concert with estrogen promotes development of the mammary parenchyma during the last third of gestation in gilts, and the specific relaxin-binding sites were present in the mammary gland. This study was conducted to determine if relaxin-binding sites in the mammary gland were functional relaxin receptors. Three cycling cross-bred gilts were bilaterally ovariectomized on day 0 of the experiment. Beginning on day 15 and continuing through day 29 post-surgery, the gilt received an im. injection of estradiol benzoate at 12-hr intervals. Beginning on day 22 post-surgery, highly purified porcine relaxin was administered(lug/hr) into the left fourth mammary gland from the anterior end via miniature osmotic pump. Physiological saline was administered to the right fourth mammary gland. The gilt was sacrificed on day 29 post-surgery and histological characteristics of the mammary parenchyma were examined. The mammary glands treated locally with saline showed little, if any, lobulo-alveolar development, whereas the mammary glands treated with relaxin showed not only marked lobulo-alveolar development but also prominent secretions in the alveoli. The saline-treated glands were characterized by relatively dense and highly organized collagen fiber bundles. Whereas, in the relaxin-treated mammary glands, collagen fiber bundles were dispersed and loosely organized. In conclusion, relaxin-binding sites in the mammary gland are functional relaxin receptors and relaxin acts directly on the pig mammary gland to promote development of the alveoli and remodeling of the extracellular matrix.