• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제3권
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• pp.197-202
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• 1985

1975년(年) 3월(月) 경주(慶州) 안압지(雁鴨地) 보수공사(補修工事) 당시(當時) 출토(出土)한 마(馬)의 유해(遺骸)의 종류(種類), 연령(年令) 및 성별(性別) 등을 감정(鑑定)한 바는 다음과 같다. 1. 출토(出土)한 유해(遺骸)는 골(骨)이 9점(點) 치아(齒牙)가 28점(點)이었다. 이들 골유해(骨遺骸)는 두개골(頭蓋骨), 상완골(上腕骨), 0골(骨), 제(第)1지골(指骨), 대퇴골(大腿骨), 경골(脛骨)이 각(各) 1점식(點式)이고 경추(脛椎)가 3점(點)이며, 치아(齒牙)가 28점(點)이었다. 2. 두개골(頭蓋骨)은 현존(現存) 우리나라 재래마(在來馬)의 그것과 형태(形態)와 크기가 매우 유사(類似)하고 치아(齒牙)의 마멸상태(磨滅狀態)와 형태(形態)로 미루어 볼때 10재(才) 미만(未滿)의 장마(壯馬)로 추정(推定)된다. 3. 사지골(四肢骨)들은 현존(現存) 우리나라 재래마(在來馬)의 그것들보다 다소(多小) 왜소(倭小)한 체구(體軀)의 마체(馬體)의 것으로 추정(推定)된다. 4. 유해(遺骸)들의 감정(鑑定) 결과(結果) 2두(頭) 이상(以上)의 마체(馬體)의 것들로 추정(推定)된다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 2020

경구개, 상악동, 또는 협측 점막이나 비강에 존재하는 종양이 생긴 경우 이를 제거하기 위해 상악 절제술을 행한다. 종양의 크기나 범위에 따라서 그 절제 부위는 달라지며, 이로 인해 해부학적 경계가 없어지기도 하며 발음 장애나 연하 장애가 발생한다. 이렇게 해부학적 구조가 결손되거나 개방된 경우, 이 때 발생한 공간을 닫고 결손된 부위를 보호하기 위해 폐색장치(Obturator)를 착용한다. 폐색장치를 성공적으로 재건하는 것은 굉장히 까다로운 작업이다. 폐색장치를 제작함에 있어 치아의 상태와 수, 남아있는 지지 영역 그리고 결손 부위의 범위나 정도 등이 큰 영향을 끼친다. 이러한 요소들이 불리하다면 보철물 제작 시 그 예후는 불확실하다. 완성된 폐색장치는 환자의 구강 내에서 충분한 유지력을 지녀야 하며, 동시에 절제술을 시행한 주변 조직과 지지 영역에 자극을 주어선 안된다. 본 증례는 55세 여환으로 광범위한 상악 절제술을 시행하여 소수의 잔존치아만이 남았고, 상악 보철물 제작 시 유지력이 불리할 것으로 보였다. 이에 무게를 감소시킨 hollow한 폐쇄형 폐색장치(Closed hollow obturator)를 제작하였고, 결과적으로 보다 나은 밀폐 효과와 적응도를 보였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of various types of resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs) after artificial aging. Materials and Methods: Forty models with missing first molar were fabricated using artificial resin teeth and were divided into four groups: Group A, conventional RBFPDs design; Group B, modified RBFPDs design; Group C, assembled 3-piece RBFPDs design; and Group D, assembled 3-piece RBFPDs with different occlusal rest positions. Half of the specimens underwent chewing simulation process (240,000 cycles, 50 N load, 1.7 Hz) and thermocycling (temperatures $5^{\circ}C{\sim}55^{\circ}C$, dwelling time 30 seconds) and the remaining 20 specimens didn't receive any treatment. All the specimens were immersed in 2% methylene blue solution for 24 hours to evaluate microleakage, and were sectioned at the middle part of abutment teeth. To evaluate the microleaskage, a dye penetration was calculated. Result: With artificial aging, cyclic loading and thermocycling, a 3-piece RBPFD and a 2-piece RBPFD using original tooth undercuts have significantly lower microleakge (P<0.05) compared to the conventional design of RBPFD and modified RBPFD. Conclusion: Within the limit of this experiment, the assembled RBFPDs exhibited a smaller microleakage than the conventional RBFPDs, implying that the assembled RBFPDs can be more effective for reducing the dislodgement of the RBFPDs.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.629-636
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of oral health on the quality of life of elderly patients with dentures or implants. It is our intention that through this analysis we can aid seniors in making the choice between dentures or implants, considering future masticatory function and the likely effects of this decision on the patients quality of life. Methods : This survey was conducted between November 1, 2010 and November 25, 2010, in Kyunggi-Do, whasung city. The research was carried out at one public health center, among elderly patients. 105 seniors were surveyed using the direct interviewing method, oral health related quality of life was measured by the Philadelphia Geriatric Center(PGC) Morale Scale. Collected data was examined using the SPSS 13.0 program, using frequency, mean, and standard deviation analysis, T-test and $x^2$ test. Results : The number of residual teeth for patients who have implants was $20.45{\pm}5.85$, while among those patients with dentures the number was considerably lower, $8.11{\pm}7.66$(p<0.05). The results of patients masticatory function, was $28.13{\pm}2.40$ for those with implants, and $25.35{\pm}4.15$ with dentures. The results were better for those with implants. Among implant patients overall satisfaction was rated $25.21{\pm}3.63$, higher than for those with dentures $20.20{\pm}6.79$(p<0.05). Quality of life was scored higher for patients with implants($12.76{\pm}2.61$) compared to those with dentures($10.47{\pm}3.52$)(p<0.05). The subjects masticatory function was highly related to the number of remaining teeth and greater masticatory function had a positive effect on patients quality of life and life satisfaction. Conclusion : Dental treatments such as dentures and implants will have a great influence on patients quality of life and life satisfaction. Implants can improve the oral health related quality of life and satisfaction and the general quality of life more than denture therapy.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.670-679
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• 1997

The pH changes in 4 small cavities prepared at the facial inner dentin and lingual outer dentin of the cervical and apical portion of root filled with calcium hydroxide pastes were investigated. Forty extracted permanent teeth with single canal were instrumented with step-back method, and then 4 small cavities were prepared. Two inner dentin cavities were cut a distance of about 1.0mm from the canal wall and two outer dentin cavities were cut to a depth of about 0.5mm from the root surface. Root canals and prepared cavities were flushed with 17% EDTA, and then irrigated with 5% NaOCl to remove smear layer. Teeth were randomly divided into four groups. Control group was not filled and the remaining other groups were filled with mixture of calcium hydroxide and distilled water, Vitapex$^{(R)}$ paste and Pulpdent$^{(R)}$ paste respectively. The pH change of the dentin in each cavity was measured at 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 60, 90 days with pH microelectrode(WPI Co., USA). The results were as follows : 1. The groups obturated with Pulpdent$^{(R)}$ paste and Aqueous calcium hydroxide produced the increased pH level at 1 day and maintained plateau over next 3weeks and decreased after 3weeks. 2. The group obturated with Vitapex$^{(R)}$ paste observed no significant pH change until 2weeks and slight increased pH at 3weeks and sequential increasing after 3weeks. But, the pH in the group obturated with Vitapex$^{(R)}$ paste remained significantly below the pH measured in the other two experimental groups(P<0.05). 3. All experimental groups showed pH level similar to control group after 28 days. 4. The pH of outer dentin is slightly higher than that of inner dentin. There is no significant difference in pH level between apical and cervical dentin throughout the duration of the experiment, though apical dentin showed slightly higher pH than cervical dentin at 1 day(P<0.05).

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.7-16
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• 1981

The technology of precision attachments has developed at such a pace that from a very few T-shaped attachments and bar attachments from the years 1915 to 1935 since removable bridge utilizing a T-shaped intracoronal attachment was constructed by Dr. Herman E.S. Chayes in 1906. There are now more than 120 models of the most diversified designs, ready made or laboratory fashioned. In 1971, 126 attachments were listed and classified by Mensor in his E M Attachment Selector. This selector consists of five charts giving specifications as to type, vertical dimensions, application, type of resilience, size of movement, type of retention and type of material and alloy. Thus the E M Attachment Selector is a useful guide for dentists to choose the attachment for his patients. But dentists should apply the attachment in each patient's case according to an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. This paper is a case report of removable partial dentures utilizing CSP, PD and Bar attachment on a patient who needed full mouth reconstruction. Patient has right first, second molar and left first molar on the upper arch and also left first molar, first premolar and right canine on the lower arch. (Fig. 5)All remaining teeth are relatively healthy in their supporting tissues. On upper arch, ring shape CSP attachment was designed on left first molar and modified ring shape CSP attachment was designed on right first and second molar as the direct retainer of the removable partial denture. Full palatal coverage was used as the major connector in this case. (Fig. 23) On lower arch, author first splinted with a fixed bridge between left first molar and second premolar and a splint bar between left second premolar and right canine. (Fig. 11) A lower removable partial denture in which was designed with an Aker clasp on the left first molar and a PD attachment on .the right canine was constructed. (Fig. 17) This denture could get additional support from anterior splint bar. After both removable partial dentures were delivered to the patient (Fig. 26), author evaluated function of the dentures and supporting structures of the abutment teeth by means of clinical and X-ray examinations for eighteen months. According to the examination data author came to the conclusion that the prognosis of this case was excellent.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.607-622
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• 2004

Recently epidemiologic studies have indicated that the patients with periodontitis may have increased risk of ischemic cardiovascular events, and have suggested the important roles of blood cytokines and acute reactant proteins in the systemic infection and inflammatory response. Periodontitis and coronary heart disease (CHD) may share the common risk factors and the genetic mechanism associated with interleukin(IL)-1A, B and RA genotype may be involved in the production of IL-1. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between angiographically defined CHD and periodontitis as chronic Gram-negative bacterial infection and to determine whether the IL-1 gene polymorphism is associated in both diseases. Patients under the age of 60 who had undergone diagnostic coronary angiography were enrolled in this study. Subjects were classified as positive CHD (+CHD, n=37) with coronary artery stenosis more than 50% in at least one of major epicardial arteries, and negative CHD (-CHD, n=30) without significant stenosis. After recording the number of missing teeth, periodontal disease severity was measured by means of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and radiographic bone loss around all remaining teeth. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected from the 4 deepest periodontal pockets and assessed for cytokine ($IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-1ra, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, and prostaglandin $E_2$). Additionally, blood CHD markers, lipid profile, and blood cytokines were analyzed. IL-1 gene cluster genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and enzyme restriction using genomic DNA from buccal swab, and allele 2 frequencies of IL-1A(+4845), IL-1B(+3954), IL-B(-511), and IL-1RA(intron 2) were compared between groups. Even though there was no significant difference in the periodontal parameters between 2 groups, GCF level of $PGE_2$ was significantly higher in the +CHD group(p<0.05). Correlation analysis showed the positive relationship among PD, CAL and coronary artery stenosis(%) and blood $PGE_2$. There was also significant positive relationship between the periodontal parameters (PI, PD, CAL) and the blood CHD markers (leukocyte count, C-reactive protein, and lactic dehyrogenase). IL-1 gene genotyping showed that IL-1A(+3954) allele 2 frequency was significantly higher in the +CHD group compared with the -CHD group (15% vs. 3.3%, OR 5.118,p=0.043). These results suggested that periodontal inflammation is related to systemic blood cytokine and CHD markers, and contributes to cardiovascular disease via systemic inflammatory reaction. IL-1 gene polymorphism might have an influence on periodontal and coronary heart diseases in Korean patients.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.197-212
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of fluoride application on the aspect of shear bond strength of three aesthetic restorative materials to dentin. One light-cured composite resin(Palfique Esterite) and two light-cured glass ionomer cements(Fuji II LC and Compoglass)were used in this study. 120 permanent molars were used for this study. The teeth were extracted due to the origin of periodontal disease. The crowns of all teeth were removed, and the remaining roots were embedded in epoxy resin. The mesial or distal surfaces of roots were ground flat to expose dentin and polished on wet 320-, 400-, and 600 grit SIC papers for a total of 120 prepared flat root dentin surfaces. The prepared samples were divided into six groups. Group 1, 3, and 5 were control groups and group 2, 4, and 6 were experimental groups. Sixty samples for experimental groups were treated with 2% NaF solution for 5 minutes. Group 1 and 2 were bonded with Plafique Esterite, group 3 and 4 were bonded with Fuji II LC, and group 5 and 6 were bonded with Compoglass. After 24 hours water storage at $37{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, all samples were subjected to a shear to fracture with Instron universal testing machine(No.4467) at 1.0 mm/min displacement rate. Dentin surfaces treated with each conditioners before bonding and interfacial layers between dentin and aesthetic restorative materials were observed under Scanning Electron Microscope(Hitachi S-2300) at 20Kvp. The data were evaluated statistically at the 95% confidence level with ANOVA test. The result were as follows; 1. Among the control groups, group 1 showed strongest bond strength and group 3 showed weakest. 2. Among the experimental groups, group 2 showed strongest bond strength and group 6 showed weakest. 3. Statistical analysis of the data showed that pretreatment of dentin with 2% NaF solution significantly decreased the bond strength of three aesthetic restorative materials to dentin(P<0.05). 4. SEM findings of fluoride treated dentin surfaces (2, 4, 6 group) demonstrated dentin surfaces covered with fluoridated reaction products. 5. Except group 4 and 6, resin tags were formed in all groups.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.374-381
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• 2019

넓은 영역의 무치악 부위를 수복하기 위한 전통적인 방법은 의치를 이용한 치료다. 하지만, 임플란트를 활용할 경우 보철물의 안정과 유지, 그리고 지지의 측면에서 더 유리하며, 저작효율이 향상되는 등 기능적으로 더 양호한 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 이 같은 임플란트를 이용한 치료방법은 크게 가철성과 고정성 방식으로 분류될 수 있으며, 치조골의 흡수정도, 악간관계, 환자의 선호도, 사회 경제적 요인 등을 고려하여 적절한 접근 방식을 선택하여야 한다. 한편, 지르코니아의 물성이 크게 개선됨에 따라, 임플란트 지지형 고정성 보철물의 재료로서 단일구조 지르코니아가 각광을 받고 있다. 단일구조 지르코니아는 지르코니아 코어에 세라믹을 비니어링 한 보철물이나 금속 도재관보다 파절과 chipping의 빈도가 적으며 지르코니아 자체가 충분한 두께를 가질 수 있어 구조적으로 좋은 물성을 지닐 수 있다. 최근에는 투명도가 증진된 단일구조 지르코니아도 출시되어, 전치부 보철물을 위한 재료로도 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 증례의 남환은 상악 양측 구치부의 결손 및 다수 잔존치의 중등도 이상의 전반적 만성 치주염 이환으로 인해, 하악 양측 견치 및 좌측 제1, 2 소구치를 제외한 모든 치아를 발치한 후, 상악 8개 및 하악 3개의 임플란트 식립을 동반한 전악 수복 치료를 받았다. 보철물 장착 후 1년 간의 경과 관찰 기간 동안 기능적, 심미적으로 만족할만한 결과를 얻어 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.515-522
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• 2021

소수의 잔존치가 존재하는 경우 소수의 임플란트를 추가적으로 식립하여 의치의 유지, 지지, 안정을 확보하는 임플란트 융합 국소의치 및 피개의치의 성공적인 증례가 보고되고 있다. 임플란트 융합 국소의치는 임플란트를 포함한 지대치에 가해지는 측방력을 최소화할 경우 의치의 수평적, 회전적 움직임이 현저하게 줄어들고 의치의 탈락 및 안정의 불편감을 호소하는 환자에서 주소를 크게 개선할 수 있는 효과적인 치료법으로 제안되고 있다. 본 증례는 소수의 임플란트를 식립하여 상악에 임플란트 지지 서베이드 금관을 제작하고 하악에 Locator^® attachment를 통해 의치의 유지, 안정, 지지를 개선하였다. 임상 관찰에서 환자가 최종 의치 장착 후 기능적, 심미적 면에서 모두 만족하였기에 보고하는 바이다.