• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to review dysmenorrhea and its relief methods in nursing students by using base data for reducing dysmenorrhea. Method: The subjects were 92 students, data were collected by questionnaire surveys using convenience sampling and analyzed by the SPSS 12.0 program. Results: Medium amount of menstruation was most frequently answered and massage on painful sites was the most frequently used relief method(p<0.05). Frequency of medication was once a day during menstrual period, and methods that the most wanted to use when pain got severe was alternative methods(aroma, massage, and acupuncture)(p<0.05). Amount of menstruation showed a negative correlation with the duration(r=-0.32), dysmenorrhea was correlated with the severest days of dysmenorrhea(r=0.24) and the frequency of medication(r=-0.23). Conclusion: These results suggested that dysmenorrhea was correlated with the severest days of dysmenorrhea and the frequency of medication, but other variables showed no relations with menstrual characteristics.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2020

Objectives : This study aims to examine the exterior relief method through pungent-cool properties in comparison to pungent-warm properties historically, to understand the meaning of 'exterior relief through pungent-cool' more thoroughly. Methods : Contents mentioning the treatment method directly were examined historically, then analyzed. Results & Conclusions : The method to relieve the exterior through pungent-cool properties has developed by overcoming the limitations of the method to relieve the exterior through pungent-warm properties since it was first established in 『Shanghanzabinglun』(『傷寒雜病論』). The term 'relief of the exterior through pungent-coolness'(辛凉解表) was first mentioned in the Ming period, referring to weak level of perspiration. Yetianshi(葉天士) explained it as communicating Weiqi(衛氣) using pungent-cool medicinals for heat to discharge through the exterior, resulting in mild sweating. In 『Wenbingtiaobian』(『溫病條辨』) the term 'to relieve the flesh'(解肌) refers to both mild sweating through pungent-warm medicinals and the opening of the exterior through pungent-cool medicinals for pathogenic qi to exit, resulting in sweating. If the exterior relief of the pungent-warm medicinals happens through the warm Yang qi(陽氣) stimulated the inner Yin fluids(陰液) to discharge as sweat, that through pungent-cool medicinals relieves stagnation in the exterior, opening up a way for the pathogenic heat to exit. From the perspective of the main therapeutic mechanism for pungent-cool medicinals to be its coolness relieving heat, the term 'exterior relief through pungent-coolness' becomes erroneous. For the 'exterior relief through pungent-coolness' category to be valid, the meaning of 'exterior relief' needs to be expanded to include not only stimulated sweating but the treatment process that could result in sweating.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2009

목적: 70 mm eye relief를 갖는 릴레이 렌즈 방식 스코프 개발. 방법: Sigma 2000 광학 설계 프로그램을 사용하여 릴레이 렌즈를 갖는 대물부와 접안부를 각각 설계하고 통합하여 70 mm eye relief를 갖는 릴레이 렌즈 방식의 스코프를 개발하였다. 결과: 릴레이 렌즈를 갖는 대물부와 접안부를 각각 설계하고 통합하는 방법으로 설계 제작되어진 70 mm eye relief를 갖는 릴레이 렌즈 방식의 스코프는 배율이 4.0배, 첫 번째 렌즈에서 마지막 렌즈까지의 거리가 약 105 mm, 경통구경 18 mm, 유효구경 13 mm를 갖는다. 또한 분해선폭은 30% MTF 값 기준으로 275 cycles/rad인 특성을 보여준다. 결론: 275 cycles/rad 에서 MTF 30% 이상인 성능을 가지며, 첫 번째 렌즈에서 마지막 렌즈까지의 거리 약 105 mm, eye relief 70 mm를 갖는 4.0의 배율을 갖는 릴레이방식의 스코프를 설계 제작하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.310-320
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the causes of the retardation of administrative relief under the Special Act on Remedy for Damages Caused by Humidifier Disinfectant and to suggest the systematic refurbishment of this act for the quick and fair of relief of damages. Methods: This study was conducted through the application of the case study, literature review and systematic interpretation of law methods. Results: The disease subject to administrative relief under the Special Act is defined as health damage causally associated to a substantial degree with exposure to humidifier disinfectant. This definition is a strict requirement in light of the legislative purpose of prompt and fair relief of damages. Furthermore, the damage relief committee established under the Special Act judged causal relationships according to a rigorous standard in terms of medical certainty. This medical evidence-based judgment is a result of the committee's failure to understand the normative meaning and function of a causal relationship as an outcome of inference based on empirical rules and common sense. Conclusions: Humidifier disinfectant health damage should be defined as a health-related injury capable of occurring or deteriorating after exposure to humidifier disinfectant (HD). If the fact that a particular injury occurred or worsened after exposure to HD was found, then the damage can be presumed as being caused by HD. However, this might not be the case when the injury was considered to have occurred or been exacerbated entirely due to other factors.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.35-56
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• 1992

This paper has made a close examination of Shingan Goohwang Chowalyo(1660), Cheesaeng yoram(1691), Sallim Gyungjae(1715) and Imwon simyook Jee(1827), to grasp what kinds of famine relief foods have been analyzed in terms of nutrition elements and cooking methods. And also this paper has surveyed the changes of these famine relief foods according to the times. Three hundred forty one famine relief foods are recorded in the above mentioned books, Among them, ten foods are recorded in common in these four books: pine needles, elm tree skin, soybeans, wax, jujubes, black beans, glutinous millet, turnip seeds white pine-mushroons and Chool-Atractylodes japonica. The methods of cooking and processing are most varied in the order of pine needles, black beans and elm tree skin, Pine needles are rich in protein and fat, and so may be regarded as the first of famine relief foods. Elm tree skin is of more than 50% carbohydrate and may be used in plate of cereals. I addition to these, Hwangui-milk vetch, Choonsu-cedrela Sinensis, Tacksa-Alisma Orientale Juzep and some other foods contain starch, glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. So they may be used for replacing cereals and relieving famine. Before these famine relief foods are cooked or processed, according to their ingredients they should be soaked in water for a time in some cases the water should be changed several times. In Shingan Goohwang Chowalyo and Cheesaeng Yoram, measuring units are rarely recorded, while in sallim Gyungjae, they are explicitly shown. Imwon Simyook Jee clearly shows the use of oriental medicine materials. And the fur above mentioned books show no record of famine relief animal foods. To these days, vegetables have been boiled, squeezed and seasoned with salt and oil, but the better the economic conditions become, the less other famine relief foods are used. Nevertheless it is expected that these natural foods can be made favorite dishes with the best use of their good flavors and tastes.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.384-393
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• 2015

본 논문은 두 가지 속성 삭제 방법인 ReliefF와 SVM-REF를 조합하여 유전자 선택을 위한 속성 삭제에 기반을 둔 최적화된 분류법(OCFE)을 제안한다. ReliefF 알고리즘은 데이터의 중요도에 따라 데이터 순위를 매기고 필터(filter) 속성 선택 알고리즘이다. SVM-RFE 알고리즘은 속성의 가중치 기반으로 데이터 순위를 매기고 데이터를 감싸는 래퍼(wrapper) 속성 선택 알고리즘이다. 이러한 두 가지 기법을 조합함으로써, 우리는 SVM-RFE는 0.3096779이고 OCFE는 0.3016138으로 에러율 평균이 좀 더 낮게 나타났다. 또한, 제안된 기법은 SVM-RFE가 69%이고 OCFE는 70%으로 좀 더 정확한 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권2호통권70호
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• pp.93-113
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• 2007

Objective : To research Trends of studies about anti-inflammation and pain relief, obesity, and safety of herbal acupuncture therapy by analyzing domestic theses, published since 2001, about herbal acupuncture therapy. Methods : Domestic theses, published since 2001, mentioning anti-inflammation or pain relief, obesity, or safety of herbal acupuncture therapy were reviewed and analyzed. These theses were then classified by university, year, and subject. Results : The following results were obtained in this study. 1. Among published theses related to anti-inflammation effects of herbal-acupuncture, studies about arthritis comprised the most part, 52. In theses relating to causes of arthritis, 16 were about adjuvant, which was the most, followed by Type II collagen, LPS and carrageenan. Blood test, reactions of inflammation and revelation of cytokine and immune cellswere methods for evaluating anti-inflammation effect. The tendency of experimental methods was to focus on molecular biologic method. 2. In theses related to pain relief, many clinical attempts with herbal injection were carried out, and Carthami Flos and Scolopendrawere used most. Observing reduction of pain inducing factor and checking behavioral change were methods for evaluating pain relief. 3. In theses related to obesity, research focused on effects in association with spots on the body suitable for acupuncture. There were also attempts comparing effectiveness between single injections and complex injections. Astraball Radix, Angelica Gigantis Radix, Coicis Semen and Taeumjowetang were used. Evaluation of anti-obesity effects were by weight loss, food efficiency, blood lipid profile and evaluation of liver function. 4. In theses related to safety of herbal-acupuncture, Herba Chelidonii Chaenonelis Fructus, Clematis Florida Thunb, Corydalidis Tuber, Paeoniae Radix, and Carthami Flos which marked 2 theses each were most studied. Methods of evaluating safety were mostly by observing liver and kidney functions based on blood test, and by applying herbal injections to clinical treatment. Conclusion : Herbal acupuncture is being used in various ways associating with its anti-inflammation, pain relief and anti-obesity effect. Studies on efficacy and mechanism of herbal acupuncture are being conducted even at the molecular biology level.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2014

In the event of continued train operation being impossible as the result of a breakdown, it will be essential to dispatch a relief train to recover the broken down train. Operation of relief train carries with the risk of collision in the process of connection with broken down train. The present study looks at the suitability of risk management procedures and associated problems in the light of case studies of relief train operation, and of national legal standards and railroad company regulations. It looks at appropriate methods of risk management and the problems that can arise. Based on the study a method is proposed of operating the relief train which is consistent with appropriate risk management. The proposed method will improve the safety of relief train operation, It is hoped that the results of the study will be reflected in relevant laws and operating company regulations, and so contribute to enhancing the overall level of railroad safety.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.111-125
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the current cases of oriental medical injury relief data from Korea Consumer Agency (KCA), and to report the current change of oriental medical disputes pattern. Methods: Oriental medical injury relief cases processed by KCA from January 2010 to February 2015 were collected and analyzed. Results: 149 Oriental medical injury relief cases from KCA were analyzed for the study. The highest number that had been relieved was 43 in 2014. In monthly status, 18 case in September was The highest. According to the record, the bigger city had the bigger amount of relief cases which was 53(Seoul), 43(Gyeng-gi), 11(Busan) and so on. In age categories, 30s had the highest number of injury relief cases. The injury relief cases of package program had been rapidly increasing since 2013. Cancellation was the dominant claims cause of package program and consumer required the refund of prepayment. Breast augmentation was the majority treatment type of injury relief cases of package program. Average prepayment of package program was \3,166,085. Conclusions: This study finded that the major cause of oriental medical dispute was changed from side effect of clinical treatment to patient's satisfaction of medical service.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.613-619
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• 2014

화학 공장에서 플레어 시스템은 공장의 안전에 지대한 영향을 주는 아주 중요한 요소이다. 만약, 플레어 시스템이 필요보다 작게 설계 된다면, 위급 상황 발생 시 끔찍한 사고를 유발할 수 있다. 반면, 플레어 시스템이 필요보다 크게 설계하게 된다면 공장을 건설하는데 드는 비용의 증가를 피할 수가 없게 된다. 따라서, 산업계에서는 적절한 플레어 시스템의 설계를 위해 정확한 플레어 배출량을 예측하고자 오랫동안 노력해왔다. 미국석유협회에서는 플레어 배출량 계산을 위한 가이드라인을 제시하였고, 많은 설계 회사들은 정상상태 열 및 물질 수지식을 이용한 방법을 개발하여 플레어 배출량을 예측해 왔다. 하지만, 이러한 방법들은 많은 보수적인 가정들 하에 플레어 배출량을 계산하여 필요보다 크게 설계, 막대한 비용을 초래할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 방법들이 가지는 문제들을 해결하기 위해 공정제어가 포함된 동적 모사를 통해 플레어 배출량을 계산하는 새로운 절차를 제시하였고, 이 절차에 따라 에탄 분리탑의 배출량을 성공적으로 예측함으로써 절차의 효용성을 증명하였다.