• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 2018

Liver size is an important component in the diagnosis and follow-up of diffuse liver disease when testing for liver disease using ultrasonography. However, difficulties lies in determining the presence of hepatomegaly and liver atrophy because the method used for measuring liver size differs from one examiner to another and there is no relevant standard based on body build. The present study aims to propose a more objective method for liver size measurement and a reference range based on body build. A total of 260 normal adults (130 males, 130 females) participated in the study. Ultrasonography was performed in all participants to measure the size of the right lobe, left lobe, quadrate lobe, and caudate lobe of liver. Based on Physique Index(PI), a value derived from multiplying weight(kg) by height($m^2$), size of physique was divided into three groups including Group I with PI<150, Group II with $150{\leq}PI{\leq}250$, and Group III with PI>250. Thus, mean liver size by PI and a reference range with 95% reliability were suggested. The superoinferior diameter of right lobe was $12.34{\pm}1.18cm$ in males and $11.07{\pm}0.93cm$ in females, and its reference range was 10.64~11.0cm for Group I, 11.78~12.12cm for Group II, and 13.02~13.84cm for Group III. The anteroposterior diameter(T) of left lobe was $5.93{\pm}1.09cm$ in males and $5.18{\pm}0.99cm$ in females, and its reference range was 4.77~5.17cm for Group I, 5.49~5.79cm for Group II, and 6.68~7.44cm for Group III. The transverse diameter was $3.51{\pm}0.60cm$ in male participants and $3.42{\pm}0.49cm$ in female participants and its reference range was 3.29~3.51cm for Group I, 3.36~3.55cm for Group II, and 3.52~4.0cm for Group III. The caudate lobe index was $11.65{\pm}2.88cm^2$ in males and $9.62{\pm}2.18cm^2$ in females and its reference range was $8.83{\sim}9.75cm^2$ for Group I, $10.62{\sim}11.47cm^2$ for Group II, and $11.89{\sim}14.26cm^2$ for Group III. As a basic measurement method of liver size, the present study suggests measuring the superoinferior diameter for right liver lobe, the anteroposterior diameter for left liver lobe, the transverse diameter for quadrate lobe, and the caudate lobe index for caudate lobe. It is expected that this method along with its relevant reference range can be used as useful indicators in determining hepatomegaly and liver atrophy upon the diagnosis and follow-up testing of diffuse liver disease.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.42
• /
• pp.37-57
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to verify goodness-of-fit by Many-Facets Rasch model for applying martial arts training satisfaction scale to security martial arts trainees. To achieve the purpose, 255 security martial arts trainees' data were used in the analysis. In addition, In addition, the AMOS 20.0 program was used for unidimensionality validation, and take advantage of the Facets 3.61 program for goodness-of-fit verification. Specific results are as follows: First, Unidimensionali test results showed that model fit, reliability and standardized ${\beta}$ value are suitable. Second, the analysis results of goodness-of-fit, items 1, 2, 3 are inadequate, 4, 8, 11, 13, 14 items once found to be over-fit questions. Also, analysis of item difficulty, item 1 has highest difficulty and item 7 was lowest. Third, According Facets item difficulty and response difference verification result, female group exhibited a high level of item difficulty compared to the male group, goodness-of-fit was all accurate. As the result of item difficulty and response difference verification based on Martial arts training flow, there is no response difference according to the training experience. On the other hands, less than 4 years to 5 years and less than 5 years to 6 years trainees represented over-fit features. Results of item difficulty and response difference verification by grade level, first grade was the most highly recognized the item difficulty and fourth grade was also recognized the lowest of item difficulty Fourth, the response category analysis showed that the six points response categories are not appreciate.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.554-563
• /
• 2015

This study dealt with developing an accident model for rural signalized intersections with random parameter negative binomial method. The limitation of previous count models(especially, Poisson/Negative Binomial model) is not to explain the integrated variations in terms of time and the distinctive characters a specific point/segment has. This drawback of the traditional count models results in the underestimation of the standard error(t-value inflation) of the derived coefficient and finally affects the low-reliability of the whole model. To solve this problem, this study improves the limitation of traditional count models by suggesting the use of random parameter which takes account of heterogeneity of each point/segment. Through the analyses, it was found that the increase of traffic flow and pedestrian facilities on minor streets had positive effects on the increase of traffic accidents. Left turning lanes and median on major streets reduced the number of accidents. The analysis results show that the random parameter modeling is an effective method for investigating the influence on traffic accident from road geometries. However, this study could not analyze the effects of sequential changes of driving conditions including geometries and safety facilities.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.41 no.8
• /
• pp.721-728
• /
• 2017

High-grade gray cast iron (HCI350) was prepared by adding Cr, Mo and Cu to the gray cast iron (GC300). Their microstructure, mechanical properties and fatigue strength were studied. Cast iron was made from round bar and plate-type castings, and was cut and polished to measure the percentage of each microstructure. The size of flake graphite decreased due to additives, while the structure of high density pearlite increased in volume percentage improving the tensile strength and fatigue strength. Based on the fatigue life data obtained from the fatigue test results, the probability - stress - life (P-S-N) curve was calculated using the 2-parameter Weibull distribution to which the maximum likelihood method was applied. The P-S-N curve showed that the fatigue strength of HCI350 was significantly improved and the dispersion of life data was lower than that of GC300. However, the fatigue life according to fatigue stress alleviation increased further. Data for reliability life design was presented by quantitatively showing the allowable stress value for the required life cycle number using the calculated P-S-N curve.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.287-296
• /
• 2015

Recent navigation systems provide quick guide services, based on processing real-time traffic information and past traffic information by applying predictable pattern for traffic information. However, the current pattern for traffic information predicts traffic information by processing past information that it presents an inaccuracy problem in particular circumstances(accidents and weather). So, this study presented a more precise predictive traffic information system than historical traffic data first by analyzing route search data which the drivers ask in real time for the quickest way then by grasping traffic congestion levels of the route in which future drivers are supposed to locate. First results of this study, the congested route from Yang Jae to Mapo, the analysis result shows that the accuracy of the weighted value of speed of existing commonly congested road registered an error rate of 3km/h to 18km/h, however, after applying the real predictive traffic information of this study the error rate registered only 1km/h to 5km/h. Second, in terms of quality of route as compared to the existing route which allowed for an earlier arrival to the destination up to a maximum of 9 minutes and an average of up to 3 minutes that the reliability of predictable results has been secured. Third, new method allows for the prediction of congested levels and deduces results of route searches that avoid possibly congested routes and to reflect accurate real-time data in comparison with existing route searches. Therefore, this study enabled not only the predictable gathering of information regarding traffic density through route searches, but it also made real-time quick route searches based on this mechanism that convinced that this new method will contribute to diffusing future traffic flow.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.64-74
• /
• 2020

The significance of Boseong Tea Agriculture System lies in its harmonious coexistence with the surrounding environment, producing high quality teas and maintaining its biodiversity. Boseong Tea Agriculture System has been inscribed as Korea's Important Agricultural Heritage System (KIAHS) in 2018, but the Aging Society of tea farmers is threatening the conservation and succession of tea farming of the region. The study suggests designation of Boseong Tea Agriculture System as one of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS), objecting conservation and succession of Boseong Tea Agriculture System. The study has reviewed GIAHS, KIAHS, Boseong Tea Agriculture System and surveyed tea farmers of Boseong for 3 months from March to May, 2020. The survey method includes face to face interview, phone interview (ones couldn't be reached for face to face interview) and in-depth interview of community leaders and experts, verifying the Aging Society status in Boseong tea agricultural industry. The survey result includes the following. Average age of Boseong tea farmers is 69.4 years old. Family tea-farming over two generation is 36% (54 household), and 79.4% (119 household) depends on 90% of income from tea production. The in-depth interview shows the aging tea farming society is most serious concern of tea farmers and GIAHS designation will support reliability and recognition of Boseong tea, helping conservation and succession of Boseong Tea Agriculture System. GIAHS designation will enhance and share the value of Boseong Tea Agriculture worldwide and be able to inherit the heritage for our future generation.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.32 no.7
• /
• pp.601-611
• /
• 2005

Due to not only proven stability and reliability but a significant investment and years of accumulated -experience and knowledge, legacy systems have supported the core business applications of a number of organizations over many years. While the emergence of Web-based e-business environments requires externalizing core business processes to the Web. This is a competitive advantage in the new economy. Consequently, organizations now need to mine the business value buried in the legacy systems for reuse in new e-business applications. In this paper we suggest a systematic approach to mining components that perform specific business services and that consist of the legacy system's assets to be leveraged on the modem platform. The proposed activities are divided into several tasks. First, use cases that realize the business processes are captured. Secondly, a design model is constructed for each identified use case in order to integrate the use cases with the similar functionalities. Thirdly, we identify component candidates from the design model and then adjust the component candidates by considering common elements among the candidate components. And also business components are divided into three more fine-grained components to deploy them onto J2EE/EJB environments. finally, we define the interfaces of components which provide functionalities of the components as operations.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.123-144
• /
• 2006

For the property right's protection of the nation, the uncertainty's dissolution and the reliability's security of real estate trade are very important. With the life style's change, the market of real estate becomes diversification, and the level of the real estate trade becomes diversification. But compared with this, the trade system of the real estate has not broken away from the mode in the past yet. To cope with it actively, it needs to review the real estate trade form. Especially, it needs to investigate a plan that can advance the Agency Listing method. The Exclusive Agency Listing and the real estate Information Network System have been the usual system in some advanced countries like America, Japan. It is the system that establishes the real estate brokerage's trade order and encourages the execution for the real estate client's property right's protection and benefit offer. In our country, The Exclusive Agency Listing and the real estate Information Network System were created in the revised real estate brokerage law in 12, 1993. But because of varies of questions, it can not be settled down. So this paper will develop the characteristic factors of the Exclusive Agency Listing and the real estate Information Network System revitalization and examine the mutual relation depends on the factors. And these factors were studied through the proved analysis to the effecting made on the Agency function's consideration and real estate broker' trust and customer satisfaction. So depends on these, the existed value now will present the revitalization plan and political implication about the Exclusive Agency Listing and the real estate Information Network System.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
• /
• v.4 no.10
• /
• pp.447-454
• /
• 2015

This paper proposes geographical name denoising by machine learning of event detection based on twitter. Recently, the increasing number of smart phone users are leading the growing user of SNS. Especially, the functions of short message (less than 140 words) and follow service make twitter has the power of conveying and diffusing the information more quickly. These characteristics and mobile optimised feature make twitter has fast information conveying speed, which can play a role of conveying disasters or events. Related research used the individuals of twitter user as the sensor of event detection to detect events that occur in reality. This research employed geographical name as the keyword by using the characteristic that an event occurs in a specific place. However, it ignored the denoising of relationship between geographical name and homograph, it became an important factor to lower the accuracy of event detection. In this paper, we used removing and forecasting, these two method to applied denoising technique. First after processing the filtering step by using noise related database building, we have determined the existence of geographical name by using the Naive Bayesian classification. Finally by using the experimental data, we earned the probability value of machine learning. On the basis of forecast technique which is proposed in this paper, the reliability of the need for denoising technique has turned out to be 89.6%.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.294-303
• /
• 2020

This study discusses data collection, calculation of wind and wave-induced resistance, and speed-power analysis of an 8,600 TEU container ship. Data acquisition system of the ship operator was improved to obtain the data necessary for the analysis, which was accomplished using SPA (Ship Performance Analysis, Park et al., 2019) in conformation with ISO15016:2015. From a previous operation profile of the container, the standard operating conditions of mean draft were 12.5 m and 13.6 m, which were defined with the mean stowage configuration of each condition. Model tests, including the load-variation test, were conducted to validate new ship performance and for the speed-power analysis. The major part of the added resistance of container ship is due to the wind. To check the reliability of wind-resistance calculation results, the resistance coefficients, added resistance, and speed-power analysis results using the Fujiwara regression formula (ISO15016:2015) and Computational fluid dynamics (Ryu et al., 2016; Jeon et al., 2017) analysis were compared. Wind speed and direction measured using an anemometer were used for wind-resistance calculation and the wave resistance was calculated using the wave-height and direction-data from weather information. Also, measured water temperature was used to calculate the increase in resistance owing to the deviation in water density. As a result, the SPA analysis using measured data and weather information was proved to be valid and able to identify the ship's resistance propulsion performance. Even with little difference in the air-resistance coefficient value, both methods provide sufficient accuracy for speed-power analysis. The differences were unnoticeable when the speed-power analysis results using each method were compared. Also, speed-power analysis results of the 8,600 TEU container ship in two draft conditions show acceptable trends when compared with the model test results and are also able to show power increase owing to hull fouling and aging. Thus, results of speed-power analysis of the existing 8,600 TEU container ship using the SPA program appropriately exhibit the characteristics of speed-power performance in deal conditions.