• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권8호
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• pp.1187-1194
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• 2017

After North American wide area black out on August 14, 2003, various studies have been conducted to find out the reason of the disaster. One of main reasons was misoperation of generator protection system. Since then, protective coordination between generator protection system and excitation system controls has been hot issue among electrical engineers. Among various generator protection relays, in this paper, we focused on generator overvoltage and overexcitation relay, which protect the over-flux condition of the generator. Thus, at first, we modeled the generator overvoltage, overexcitation relay and detailed power system including excitation system, governor and etc., based on actual field data. And then, we reviewed the protective coordination of generator overvoltage and overexcitation relay using electromagnetic transient program. In addition, we discussed the protective coordination method for redundant protection relays in both automatic voltage regulator and generator side.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1164-1170
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• 2020

In this paper, we consider the wireless-powered backscatter communication which consists of a power beacon, a source, a relay, and a destination. For the proposed wireless-powered backscatter communication, the source transmits its signals to both the relay and the destination via a backscattering channel and the relay which has a rechargeable battery performs an energy harvesting as well as an information forwarding based on the time switching relay (TSR) protocol. Based on the decode-and-forward (DF) relay transmission, we investigate performances of the proposed system in terms of outage probability and transmission rate in which the exact performance analysis of outage probability is given. Finally, some numerical examples are given to verify our provided analytical results for different system conditions.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.363-372
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• 2008

In this paper, knowledge-based approach using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are used for estimating the coordinated zonal settings of a distance relay. The approach depends on the detailed simulation studies of apparent impedance loci as seen by distance relay during disturbance, considering various operating conditions including fault resistance. In a distance relay, the impedance loci given at the relay location is obtained from extensive transient stability studies. SVMs are used as a pattern classifier for obtaining distance relay co-ordination. The scheme utilizes the apparent impedance values observed during a fault as inputs. An improved performance with the use of SVMs, keeping the reach when faced with different fault conditions as well as system power flow changes, are illustrated with an equivalent 265 bus system of a practical Indian Western Grid.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2005년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.173-175
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• 2005

Malfunction of Klippon relay in Cheju-Haenam HVDC system has been caused by the inflow of high voltage arc. In this paper, we have studied on the theoretical examination and data analysis of Klippon relay, and the countermeasures against the problems were suggested according to their causes. Grounding problem in Klippon relay is removed by one-point earth connection and by modification of grounding circuit. The effects of over current surge was removed by attaching blocking diodes by series In Klippon relay to remove surge input in Klippon relay's mercury contact. The problem of Induced overvoltage by 86re1ay excitation coil, was removed by attaching Free-wheeling diode in parallel with the excitation coil of Lock-out relay.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권4A호
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• pp.394-400
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• 2010

Mobile Multi-hop Relay (MMR) 시스템은 커버리지 확장과 Base Station (BS) 내의 전송률 증대에 의해 무선 액세스 네트워크의 처리량을 증가시킬 수 있다. 넌-트랜스패런트 모드 (non-transparent mode) Relay Station (RS) 를 갖는 MMR 시스템의 기존 연구에서는 Mobile Station (MS)의 채널 선택 과정, 동일 채널 간섭, 그리고 Multi-hop Relay Base Station (MR-BS)과 RS의 커버리지 비율은 고려하지 않았다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 토폴로지를 갖는 멀티셀 환경에서 MMR 상향링크 시스템의 성능을 분석한다. 성능은 호 발생률에 따른 호 차단 확률, 채널 사용률, outage 확률 그리고 시스템 처리량으로 나타낸다. 결과를 통해 MR-BS와 RS의 커버리지 비율이 7 대 1일 때 시스템 처리량이 가장 높음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제36권2C호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2011

양방향 중계 채널 (two-way relay channel)은 2개의 노드가 중계기 (relay node)의 도움을 받아 상호간에 정보를 주고 받는 통신 채널이다. 양방향 중계 채널에서는 중계기가 동일 자원을 사용하여 두 사용자 노드로 신호를 송신하므로 기존 협력 통신 기법보다 효율적인 자원의 사용이 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 양방향 중계 채널에서 네트워크 코딩을 이용한 새로운 분산 터보 부호 기법을 제시한다. 기존 기법과의 차이점은 중계 노드에서 네트워크 부호화를 처리하는 방식과 분산 터보 복호시 양 사용자 노드로부터 수신한 두 부호어를 처리하는 방법에 차이가 있다. 제안된 분산 터보 복호 기법을 이용하여 기존 기법 대비 시스템의 성능 향상을 확인하였으며 또한 채널 환경 변화에 따른 사용자 노드와 중계 노드의 전송 전력을 다르게 할당하여 시스템의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다는 것을 보인다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권10호
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• pp.1916-1922
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• 2009

Introducing distributed generators(DGs) to utility distribution system can cause malfunction of relay on the grid when ground faults or severe load unbalances are occurred on the system. Because DGs interconnected to the grid can contribute fault currents and make bidirectional power flows on the system, fault currents from DGs can cause an interference of relay operation. A directional over current relay(DOCR) can determine the direction of power flow whether a fault occurs at the source side or load side through detecting the phases of voltage and current simultaneously. However, it is identified in this paper that the contributed fault current(Ifdg) from the ground source when was occurred to contribute single-line-to-ground(SLG) fault current, has various phases according to the distances from the ground source. It means that the directionality of Ifdg may not be determined by simply detecting the phases of voltage and current in some fault conditions. The magnitude of Ifdg can be estimated approximately as high as 3 times of a phase current and its maximum is up to 2,000 A depending on the capacity of generation facilities. In order to prevent malfunction of relay and damage of DG facilities from the contribution of ground fault currents, Ifdg should be limited within a proper range. Installation of neutral ground reactor (NGR) at a primary neutral of interconnection transformer was suggested in the paper. Capacity of the proposed NGR can be adjusted easily by controlling taps of the NGR. An algorithm for unidirectional relay was also proposed to prevent the malfunction of relay due to the fault current, Ifdg. By the algorithm, it is possible to determine the directionality of fault from measuring only the magnitude of fault current. It also implies that the directionality of fault can be detected by unidirectional relay without replacement of relay with the bidirectional relay.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.152-167
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• 2016

This paper investigates the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) for two-hop orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) decode-and-forward (DF) relay network, where a relay harvests energy from radio frequency signals transmitted by a source and then uses the harvested energy to assist information transmission from the source to its destination. The power splitting receiver is considered at the relay. To explore the performance limit of such a SWIPT-enabled system, a resource allocation (RA) optimization problem is formulated to maximize the achievable information rate of the system, where the power allocation, the subcarrier pairing and the power splitting factor are jointly optimized. As the problem is non-convex and there is no known solution method, we first decompose it into two separate subproblems and then design an efficient RA algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm can achieve the maximum achievable rate of the system and also show that to achieve a better system performance, the relay node should be deployed near the source in the SWIPT-enabled two-hop OFDM DF relay system, which is very different from that in conventional non-SWIPT system where the relay should be deployed at the midpoint of the line between the source and the destination.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1996년도 Proceedings of the Korea Automatic Control Conference, 11th (KACC); Pohang, Korea; 24-26 Oct. 1996
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• pp.177-180
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper is to design a robust adaptive control algorithm for a class of systems having continuous relay nonlinearity. This continuous relay nonlinearity can be defined as an analytic nonlinear function having unknown parameters and bounded unmodeling part. By this mathematical modeling, the whole system can be considered as a nonlinear system having unknown parameters and bounded perturbation. The control algorithm of this paper, RALC, can be constructed by robust adaptive law, feedback linearization, and indirect robust adaptive control. By this RALC, we can obtain that the output of given system can follow that of a stable reference linear model made by designer and the boundedness of all signals in closed-loop system can be maintained. Therefore, we can confirm a robust adaptive control for a class of systems having continuous relay nonlinearity.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1394-1396
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• 1999

It is important the protective relay should have high selectivity and sensitivity performance and it is achieved by correct setting of the relay parametes. The verification of accurate setting for the protective relay is very difficult before a actual fault occurs. This paper reports a diagnosis expert system to verify the correctness of the relay setting by using the operation results in the power system fault simulation.