• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2017

This paper presents a combined numerical and theoretical study on the composite action between steel and concrete of circular steel tube confined concrete (STCC) stub columns under axial compressive loading with a full theoretical elasto-plastic model and finite element (FE) model in comparison with experimental results. Based on continuum mechanics, the elasto-plastic model for STCC stub columns was established and the analysis was realized by a FORTRAN program and the three dimensional FE model was developed using ABAQUS. The steel ratio of the circular STCC columns were defined in range of 0.5% to 2% to analyze the composite action between steel tube and concrete, and make a further study on the advantages of the circular STCC columns. By comparing the results using the elasto-plastic methods with the parametric analysis result of FE model, the appropriate friction coefficient between the steel tube and core concrete was defined as 0.4 to 0.6. Based on ultimate balance theory, the formula of ultimate load capacity applying to the circular STCC stub columns was developed.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.65-86
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• 2007

This paper reviews the properties and application methods of widely used types of risk measures, identifies the rationale and business-side effects of hedging, derives the theoretical formula of optimal hedging ratio, and analyzes the various functional aspects of VaR(Value-at-risk) as a risk measure and a hedging tool. Especially this paper focuses on the characteristics of VaR compared with other risk measures in terms of their own principal determinants and identifies its stronger aspects in the dimension of hedging strategy tools. As well, this paper provides the detailed processes deriving the optimal hedge ratios based on the distributional parameters and risk factors. In addition, this paper presents the detailed and substantial processes of estimating the minimum variance hedge ratio and minimum-VaR hedge ratio using the actual data and shows that the minimum variance hedge ratio proves helpful for many cases although it is not appropriate for the non-linear portfolio including the option contracts. We demonstrate the trade-off relationship between the minimum variance hedge strategy and the minimum-VaR hedge strategy in their hedging costs and performances through calculation of the respective VaRs and variances of unhedged and hedged portfolios and the optimal hedge ratio and hedging effectiveness values for the given long position in US Dollar with the short position in Euro.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.429-435
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• 2007

비선형 Boussinesq 파랑전파 모델에서 방파제, 호안 등의 반사 경계면에 스펀지층을 설치하여 반사율을 모의하는 방법을 제안하였다. 스펀지층의 반사특성을 도출하기 위하여 상대 스펀지폭(스펀지층 폭/입사파장)을 변화시키는 일차원 수치실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과, 상대 스펀지폭을 조정함으로써 무반사에서 완전반사까지 반사율을 효과적으로 구현할 수 있음을 보였으며, 실험결과에 근거하여 반사율과 관련 무차원 변수들간의 다중회귀분석식을 제시하였다. 마지막으로, 본 스펀지층을 이차원 방파제에 적용하였으며, 스펀지층이 반사경계로서 평면 이차원 조건에서도 충분히 효과적으로 사용될 수 있음을 예시하였다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.915-926
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• 2006

Objectives : Yanggyuksanhwa-tang is a prescription used for cerebral infarction clinically it is known that this formula reduces body fat, serum cholesterol and triglyceride in hyperglycemia and obesity patients. According to previous research data, controlling these types of lipid is considered to decrease the risk of cerebral infarction. Based on this fact, we investigated the relationship between hyperlipidemia and cerebral infarction, and the effect of Yanggyuksanhwa-tang on hyperlipidemic cerebral infarction. Methods : We induced cerebral infarction by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in high-fat diet rats, and the rats were administered Yanggyuksanhwa-tang. Results : Infarct area and serum lipid were measured, and the level of elements such as c-Fos, Bax and caspase-3 in penumbra of infarct were expressed by immunohistochemical staining. Conclusions : Yanggyuksanhwa-tang showed neuroprotective effect through preventing neuronal cell apoptosis as well as reducing serum lipid level in hyperlipidemic condition.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.187-197
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• 2015

This study aims the development of a semi-analytic method for the parametric roll of large containerships advancing in longitudinal waves. A 1.5 Degree-of-Freedom(DOF) model is proposed to account the change of transverse stability induced by wave elevations and vertical motions (heave and pitch). By approximating the nonlinearity of restoring moment at large heel angles, the magnitude of roll amplitude is predicted as well as susceptibility check for parametric roll occurrence. In order to increase the accuracy of the prediction, the relationship between righting arm(GZ) and metacentric height(GM) is examined in the presence of incident waves, and then a new formula is proposed. Based on the linear approximation of the mean and first harmonic component of GM, the equation of parametric roll in irregular wave excitations is introduced, and the computational results of the proposed model are validated by comparing those of weakly nonlinear simulation based on an impulse-response-function method combined with strip theory. The present semi-analytic doesn’ t require heavy computational effort, so that it is very efficient particularly when numerous sea conditions for the analysis of parametric roll should be considered.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2011

Tensile tests were conducted at low temperatures for the steel materials which are used for outer shell of the vessels making transit through the polar regions. The selected steel materials were GL-DH32, GL-DH36 and GL-EH36. In comparison with the results at room temperature, the yield stress increases approximately by 10 to 13 percent at $-30^{\circ}C$ and by 13 to 19 percent at $-50^{\circ}C$ while the tensile strength increases about by 9 percent at $-30^{\circ}C$ and 11 to 14 percent at $-50^{\circ}C$. To obtain true stress-true strain, i.e. correct plastic hardening characteristics, Bridgman's(1952) necking correction formula was introduced taking triaxial state of stresses after onset of diffuse necking into consideration. Photographs of fractured surfaces were taken by using Scanning Electron Microscope immedately after tensile tests completed and one for GL-EH36 has been presented in this paper.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2003

지진 하중을 받는 전체 네트워크 시스템 및 네트워크 구성 절점에 대한 신뢰성 지수를 구할 수 있는 지진 재해 신뢰성 평가 방법을 전력 송전 네트워크 시스템을 대상으로 개발하였다. 전력 송전 시스템에 대하여 절점과 링크로 구성된 네트워크 모형을 개발하였으며, 절점인 변전소의 지진 취약도 곡선은 변전소 구성 기기의 개별 취약도 곡선으로부터 구하였다. 입력 지진 모형으로서 점 지진원 모형을 사용하였고, doubly truncated Gutenberg-Richter 관계식과 감쇠공식을 적용하였다. 몬테 카를로 시뮬레이션을 적용하여 전력 송전 네트워크 시스템의 신뢰성을 평가한 결과 한국의 전력망에 대한 지진 재해의 효과는 무시할 수 있는 수준은 아닌것으로 평가되었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.335-353
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• 2012

This study suggests a simple two-step method for structural vibration-based health monitoring for beam-like structures which only utilizes mode shape curvature and few natural frequencies of the structures in order to detect and localize cracks. The method is firstly based on the application of wavelet transform to detect crack locations from mode shape curvature. Then particle swarm optimization is applied to evaluate crack depth. As the Rayleigh quotient is introduced to estimate natural frequencies of cracked beams, the relationship of natural frequencies and crack depths can be easily obtained with only a simple formula. The method is demonstrated and validated numerically, using the numerical examples (cantilever beam and simply supported shaft) in the literature, and experimentally for a cantilever beam. Our results show that mode shape curvature and few estimated natural frequencies can be used to detect crack locations and depths precisely even under a certain level of noise. The method can be extended for health monitoring of other more complicated structures.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제33B권9호
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• pp.24-36
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• 1996

In this paper, we discuss the errors in selectivity estimation using the multilevel grid file (MLGF). We first demonstrate that the estimatio errors stem from the uniformity assumption that records are uniformly distributed in their belonging region represented by an entry in a level of an MLGF directory. Bsed on this demonstration, we then investigate five factors affecting the accuracy of estimation: (1) the data distribution in a region (2) the number of records stored in an MLFG (3) the page size, (4) the query region size, and (5) the level of an MLFG directory. Next we present the tendancy of estimation errors according to the change of values for each factor through experiments. The results show that the errors decrease when (1) the distribution of records in a region becomes closer to the uniform one, (2) the number of records in an MLFG increases, (3) the page size decreases, (4) the query region size increases, and (5) the level of an MLFG directory employed as data distribution information becomes lower. After the definition of the granule ratio, the core formula representing the basic relationship between the estimation errors and the above five factors, we finally examine the change of estimation errors according to the change of the values for the granule ratio through experiments. The results indicate that errors tend to be similar depending on the values for the granule ratio regardless of the various changes of the values for the five factors. factors affecting the accuracy of estimation:

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 모노 펄스 추적용 배열안테나에서 주로 사용하는 선전원에 의한 차패턴 합성법을 새로이 제안한다. 제안한 방법에서는 잘 알려진 Bayliss의 차패턴 합성법과는 달리 Taylor의 선전원 합패턴 공식을 적절히 수정하여, 원하는 개별 sidelobe 레벨을 갖는 차패턴을 최적 합성한다. 즉, 차패턴과 해당 소스 분포함수와의 관계를 해석적으로 설정하고, 패턴이 갖는 null점을 최적으로 섭동시킴으로써 원하는 패턴과 해당 소스 분포함수를 동시에 도출한다. 더욱이 이 방법은 기존의 방법보다 빠른 sidelobe 감쇠율을 가지도록 한다. 수치적인 결과들로부터 제안한 합성과정의 타당성과 유용성을 보인다.