• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.61-67
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• 2015

Purpose - Exports have long been regarded as significant drivers of sustainable competitive advantage and growth among small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The export activities of SMEs are particularly important in the context of export-oriented economies such as Korea. Although many studies have examined the determinants of exports, it is difficult to find empirical studies about the determinants of the export performance of regional SMEs. This study investigates the determinants of export performance in the regional SME context based on an integrated approach that combines the environment factor of industrial organization theory, competitive strategy theory, and the competences of the resource-based view. Research design, data, and methodology - To empirically analyze the determinants of export performance in the regional SMEs, data were collected from firms in the Daegu metropolitan area. Data were collected directly through questionnaire surveys; in addition, secondary financial data were also taken from the KIS-VALUE database. Out of the 175 responses that were received, 143 were considered to be worth examining. After testing the reliability and validity of the variables through multiple items such as environmental turbulence and competitive strategy, hypotheses were verified by using five multi-regression models. These models were: a control model with organizational size and age, an environmental model with technology and market turbulence, a competency model with R&D and foreign distribution channels, a strategy model with product and market differentiation, and an integrated model including all of these variables. Results - First, as a control variable, the organization size has significant positive effects on export performance. Second, technology turbulence based on industrial organization theory has significant positive effects on export performance, but market turbulence does not affect export performance. Third, the foreign market distribution competency of the resource-based view has strong positive effects on export performance, but the R&D competency does not affect export performance. Fourth, the product differentiation strategy from competitive strategy theory positively impacts export performance, but market differentiation does not affect export performance. Finally, in the integrated model, only the foreign distribution competency of the resource-based view has a significant effect on export performance. Conclusions - The empirical results of this study verified the usefulness of the rationales behind the three theories to explain the export performance of the regional SMEs, especially the importance of the foreign market distribution competency from the resource-based view. With regard to practical considerations, this study's implications suggest that the use of technological environmental changes by industries is better than the use of market changes. Further, the use of the product differentiation strategy is more effective than the use of the market-driving strategy, and the distribution channel competency plays a stronger role than the technology-oriented competency with regard to the export performance position of regional SMEs. Future studies should examine relational perspectives, such as trust among channel partners. Therefore, the configuration approach is more useful in enhancing pragmatism by comparing high- and low-export companies.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2003

Previous research on data extraction and integration for data warehousing has concentrated mainly on the relational DBMS or partly on the object-oriented DBMS. Mostly, it describes issues related with the change data (deltas) capture and the incremental update by using the triggering technique of active database systems. But, little attention has been paid to data extraction approaches from other types of source systems like hierarchical DBMS, etc. and from source systems without triggering capability. This paper argues, from the practical point of view, that we need to consider not only the types of information sources and capabilities of ETT tools but also other factors of source systems such as operational characteristics (i.e., whether they support DBMS log, user log or no log, timestamp), and DBMS characteristics (i.e., whether they have the triggering capability or not, etc), in order to find out appropriate data extraction techniques that could be applied to different source systems. Having applied several different data extraction techniques (e.g., DBMS log, user log, triggering, timestamp-based extraction, file comparison) to S bank's source systems (e.g., IMS, DB2, ORACLE, and SAM file), we discovered that data extraction techniques available in a commercial ETT tool do not completely support data extraction from the DBMS log of IMS system. For such IMS systems, a new date extraction technique is proposed which first creates Index database and then updates the data warehouse using the Index database. We illustrates this technique using an example application.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.32-41
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was done to develop a measure resilience in nurses. Method: Forty preliminary items were extracted from a view of the literature on concept analysis and scale development, and from in-depth interviews with nurses. These items were examined for content validity, reliability and validity. The scale was verified with 496 nurses working in three advanced general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggido. Results: Factor analysis resulted in the creation of the final scale, which consisted of 30 items that were grouped into 5 factors: dispositional pattern, relational pattern, situational pattern, philosophical pattern and professional pattern. The explanatory variance was 56.25%. The reliability of the scale was Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.95$. Correlation of the scale with the Korean version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (K-CD-RISC), established its construct and concurrent validity (r=.74, p<.001). Conclusion: The resilience scale for nurses was found to have reliability and validity, and as developed in this study reflects nurses' disposition and was confirmed as a basis for developing and evaluating programs to increase nurses' resilience.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze 352 scholarly journals and 1496 keywords in Knowledge Management Research from 2000 to 2015 and provide systematical view point of research trend in the area of knowledge management using graph theory and network model. The relational patterns among keywords as well as keywords which recently received noticeable attention and keywords which receded from the spotlight in recent years in the knowledge management literature were identified. The result of this study can be used as a foundation of future research ideas in knowledge management.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.291-308
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• 2013

Structural health monitoring is crucial to maintain the structural performance safely. Moreover, the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD) is applied usually to asset the similarity between different probability density functions in the pattern recognition. In this study, the KLD is employed to detect the damage. However the asymmetry of the KLD is a shortcoming for the damage detection, to overcoming this shortcoming, two other divergences and one statistic distribution are proposed. Then the damage identification by the KLD and its three descriptions from the symmetric point of view is investigated. In order to improve the reliability and accuracy of the four divergences, the gapped smoothing method (GSM) is adopted. On the basis of the damage index approach, the new damage index (DI) for detect damage more accurately based on the four divergences is developed. In the last, the grey relational coefficient and hypothesis test (GRCHT) is utilized to obtain the more precise damage identification results. Finally, a clear remarkable improvement can be observed. To demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method, examples of an isotropic beam with different damage scenarios are employed so as to check the present approaches numerically. The final results show that the developed approach successfully located the damaged region in all cases effect and accurately.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.569-579
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• 2000

XML will be used in lots of areas in the Web environment as a method of information exchange, We have to use dat'abases to manipulate lots of XML documents efficiently, When we use database to manipulate XML, not only type of database but also its interface is important We develop a system using relational database, object-oriented database and wrapper to store XML data, of which interfaces are XML-View, ODMG C++ binding, OQL and DOM, We discuss pros and cons of each method by the implementation of the system, and propose an efficient manipulation method of XNIL documents.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.59-79
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• 2010

According to resource based view, knowledge is regarded as a salient factor to improve an organization's efficiency in the current fast-changing business environment. Knowledge management (KM) may encourage employees to share and exchange knowledge in the organization in order to improve and sustain a competitive advantage over other companies. The proposed research model examines the impacts of KM performances' antecedents on an employee's absorptive capacity. This study identifies KM performances as employee's satisfaction about KM and shared knowledge quality. This study considers KM performances as the major determinants that enhance his/her absorptive capacity. This study also investigates the key antecedents of KM performances. The research model posits extrinsic reward, intrinsic reward, and relational reward as the KM performances' antecedents. Furthermore, this study examines the difference of the antecedents' effects in terms of firm's type. The proposed research model was tested by using survey data collected from 1,103 employees of 2 public enterprises and 907 employees of 5 private enterprises. The findings of this study showed that employee's satisfaction about KM and shared knowledge quality play a significant role in enhancing employee' absorptive capacity. Extrinsic reward only significantly influences employee's satisfaction about KM, whereas both intrinsic and relational rewards serve as the salient antecedents of improving both KM performances. The results also shed light on the moderating role of firm's type. Theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.403-410
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• 2015

Since 1970, MRI has greatly been developing in terms of strength of magnetic field, the number of receipt channels, and short time of examination. With the development of digital systems and wireless network, hospitals have also acquired, saved, and managed digital images taken by various kinds of medical imaging equipment. However, domestic universities fail to provide practice training course independently thanks to expensive practice equipment and high maintenance cost, and rely on clinical training. Therefore, this study developed a MR patient diagnosis program based on Windows PC to help out students before their working in clinical filed. The designed Relational Database of MRI Simulator is made up of seven tables according to functions and data characteristics. Regarding the designed patient information, each stepwise function was classified by the patient registration method in clinical field. In addition, on the assumption of the basic information for diagnosis, each setting and content were classified. The menu by execution step was arrayed on the left side for easy view. For patient registration, a patient's name, gender, unique ID, birth date, weight, and other types of basic information were entered, and the patient's posture and diagnosis direction were set up. In addition, the body regions for diagnosis and Pulse Sequence were listed for selection. Also, Protocol name and other additional factors were allowed to be entered. The final window was designed to check diagnosis images, patient information, and diagnosis conditions. By learning how to enter patient information and change diagnosis conditions in this program, users will be able to understand more theories and terms learned in practice and thereby to shorten their learning time in actual clinical work.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.73-94
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• 2008

When individuals collaborated in virtual settings, communication is medicated through a variety of communication technologies, and is associated not only with communication effectiveness but also with socio-emotional interactions among group members. In this regards, scholars have examined how technology-mediated communication systems can be designed and used to facilitated communication interaction. However, the empirical results of the previous studies have revealed inconsistencies in the effects of communication media on users' behavioral or attitudinal responses, and on their viable effectiveness in organizations. Some studies claim that computer-mediated communication(CMC) is task-oriented but not suitable for emotional expression since it hinders close interpersonal interaction. On the other hand, some studies argue that individuals are able to develop interpersonal relationships more effectively in a CMC environment than in an FtF-environment. Due to the different perspectives, a theoretical gap exists, and it leads to the inconsistent research findings. The purpose of this paper is to combine the two different perspectives into single unified model, thereby providing a more realistic and comprehensive understanding about virtual collaboration. The present study here sought to answers the following questions with organizational communication perspective: What are the major components of virtual collaboration? What factors affect the performance of virtual collaboration? And what kind of managerial efforts should organization make in order to facilitate CMC media effectiveness in virtual collaboration? Although there is a certain belief that new media, namely technology-mediated communication support would create new opportunities, the problem of "how" or "why" has been an important question that is still not fully addressed. In this regards, we collectively reexamined previous literatures with major issues which are still controversial and integrated various theoretical activity within computer-mediated communication domain: task-oriented approach, socio-emotional approach, and evolutionary psychological approach. Our first contribution is to develop a framework for virtual collaboration by combining two different perspectives into a single unified model, providing a more realistic and comprehensive understanding. The second main contribution is the joint modeling of both social presence and cognitive effort, and the effects on two distinct but important communication outcomes(i.e., take performance and relational development). We tested the research hypotheses which were developed based on the various CMC theories using data gathered through a self-administered mail survey of 127 individuals of 69 virtual workgroups. The proposed model was supported, providing preliminary evidence that the tension between two opposite view should be integrated. The results show that the individual's psychological processes(social presence and cognitive effort) in a virtual environment significantly mediated the effect of CMC inputs (media richness, user adaptation, and shared contest) on the CMC outputs (task performance and relational development). Furthermore, this study shows that the lack of perceived media richness of CMC media can be complemented by user adaptation and shared context. Based on the results, we discuss how communication system should be designed and implemented so as to promote virtual interaction as well as how a virtual workgroup should be composed to complement the lack of media richness. A virtual collaboration using CMC media may create new value by overcoming the logistical constraints. On the other hand, it may also generate various managerial risks such as communicational depersonalization, process dissatisfaction, and low cohesion. Therefore, this study suggests that organization managers should carefully choose the CMC mediums and monitor individual member's cognitive and affective psychological processes during virtual collaboration to reduce potential risks in virtual collaboration.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.38
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• pp.284-308
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• 1999

This study is about the nationwide research concerning the degree and trends of marital conflict and instability. The research samples are 1,217 married. As the result of the research, the most conflict able issues in Korean couples are on the husband-wife relations, such as habitual differences, sharing in houseworks, conflicts in the role expectation, and the communication problems. In this study, We devide the marital relationships into 4 types (A, B, C, and D) in the view of the satisfaction & instability of marriage. First, the marriage with unsatisfaction and instability (A) was portioned 8.3%, and the satisfactory & stable type (D) was portioned 68.4%. It seems the marital relationships in Korea are relatively stable. However, the portion of type B-unsatisfactory, but stable couples-is 17.1% and the type C-satisfactory, but unstable marriage 6.2%. The result implies that the indication of marital instability should consider not only the divorce rate, but also the quality of marital relationships. In other words, the intervention for the conflict couples yet not divorce is needed. The differences of conflict areas among the relational types is not so much, but the degrees on conflicts are very serious. Especially, in the areas of marital conflict, love issues and personal value system affect the division of relational types of marriage most. It means the interaction factors are the most important variables about maintaining the marital relations with stable and satisfaction.