Information Systems Review (경영정보학연구)

The Korea Society of Management Information Systems (한국경영정보학회)
권호 표지

The Effects of KM Performances' Antecedents on an Eemployee's Absorptive Capacity

지식경영 성과 선행 요인이 조직원 흡수 역량에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2009.12.04
  • Accepted : 2010.04.12
  • Published : 2010.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

According to resource based view, knowledge is regarded as a salient factor to improve an organization's efficiency in the current fast-changing business environment. Knowledge management (KM) may encourage employees to share and exchange knowledge in the organization in order to improve and sustain a competitive advantage over other companies. The proposed research model examines the impacts of KM performances' antecedents on an employee's absorptive capacity. This study identifies KM performances as employee's satisfaction about KM and shared knowledge quality. This study considers KM performances as the major determinants that enhance his/her absorptive capacity. This study also investigates the key antecedents of KM performances. The research model posits extrinsic reward, intrinsic reward, and relational reward as the KM performances' antecedents. Furthermore, this study examines the difference of the antecedents' effects in terms of firm's type. The proposed research model was tested by using survey data collected from 1,103 employees of 2 public enterprises and 907 employees of 5 private enterprises. The findings of this study showed that employee's satisfaction about KM and shared knowledge quality play a significant role in enhancing employee' absorptive capacity. Extrinsic reward only significantly influences employee's satisfaction about KM, whereas both intrinsic and relational rewards serve as the salient antecedents of improving both KM performances. The results also shed light on the moderating role of firm's type. Theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed.

자원 기반적 이론에 따르면, 지식은 빠르게 변화하는 기업 환경에서 기업 효율성을 증진시킬 수 있는 중요한 요소로 간주되고 있다. 이런 맥락에서, 여러 기업들은 지식 경영을 통해, 조직원들이 지식을 공유하고 교환할 수 있도록 장려하고 있으며, 이러한 활동들은 기업의 핵심 역량을 증진시키는 데 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있다. 제안한 연구 모형에서는 지식 경영 성과의 선행요인들이 조직원들의 흡수 역량에 영향을 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 본 연구에서는 지식 경영 성과로 조직원들의 지식 경영 만족과 공유 지식 품질을 고려하였으며, 고려한 지식 경영 성과들이 조직원들의 지식 흡수 능력을 향상시키는 중요한 선행 요인으로 작용하는지 살펴보았다. 그리고, 지식 경영 성과의 선행 요인으로 외재적 보상, 내재적 보상, 관계적 보상을 고려하였다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 기업의 형태에 따라, 선행변수들의 영향 차이를 살펴보았다. 제안된 연구 모형은 2개의 공기업 1,103명과 5개의 사기업 907명의 데이터를 통해 검증되었다. 본 연구 결과에서는 조직원들의 지식 경영 만족과 공유 지식 품질이 조직원들의 지식 흡수 능력을 향상시키는데 도움을 주는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 외재적 보상은 조직원들의 지식경영 만족에만 유의한 영향을 미쳤지만, 내재적 보상과 관계적 보상은 지식 경영 성과 모두에 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한, 기업 형태의 조절 변수에 대한 결과를 제시를 하였다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로, 이론과 실무적 관점에서 시사점을 도출하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. 김민용, 지식경영 현황 및 성과 설문진단 보고서, 제47회 정기포럼, KAIST 지식경영연구센터, 2009
  2. 김병수, 전진호, 강영식, "지식검색 서비스 사용자의 서비스 사용과 지식 공유 행위에 관한 이해", 지식경영연구, 제10권, 제2호, 2009, pp. 85-103.
  3. 빅토리아, 박동진, "직무관련 지식의 공유에 영향을 미치는 요인", Information Systems Review, 제10권, 제2호, 2008, pp. 179-194.
  4. 이정호, 김영걸, 김민용, "지식활동이 조직성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 지식창출 활동과 지식 공유 활동을 중심으로", 지식경영연구, 제7권, 제1호, 2006, pp. 13-30.
  5. 이희석, 허용석, 조직의 지식경영 역량 및 현황을 진단하기 위한 설문서, KAIST 지식경영연구센터, 2009.
  6. 포스코, "포스코, 지식愛너지 넘쳐나는 직원." 매일경제, 2009년 12월 15일, Available: http://news.mk.co.kr/outside/view.php?year= 2008&no=759158.
  7. Alavi, M. and D. E. Leidner, "Review: Knowledge Management and Knowledge Management Systems: Conceptual Foundations and Research Issues", MIS Quarterly, Vol.25, No.1, 2001, pp. 107-136. https://doi.org/10.2307/3250961
  8. Argote, L. and P. Ingram, "Knowledge Transfer: A Basis for Competitive Advantage in Firms", Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol.82, No.1, 2000, pp. 150-169. https://doi.org/10.1006/obhd.2000.2893
  9. Bartol, K. M. and A. Srivastava, "Encouraging Knowledge Sharing: The Role of Organizational Reward Systems", Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, Vol.9, No.1, 2002, pp. 64-76. https://doi.org/10.1177/107179190200900105
  10. Bhattacherjee, A., "Understanding Information Systems Continuance: An Expectation-Confirmation Model", MIS Quarterly, Vol.25, No.3, 2001, pp. 351-370. https://doi.org/10.2307/3250921
  11. Blau, P. M., Exchange and Power in Social Life, John Wiley, 1986.
  12. Bock, G. W., R. W. Zmud, Y. G. Kim, and J. N. Lee, "Behavioral Intention Formation in Knowledge Sharing: Examining the Roles of Extrinsic Motivators, Social-Psychological Forces, and Organizational Climate", MIS Quarterly, Vol.29, No.1, 2005, pp. 87-111. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148669
  13. Boyne, G., "Public and Private Management: What's the Difference?", Journal of Management Studies, Vol.39, No.1, 2002, pp. 97-122. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00284
  14. Cabrera, A. and E. F. Cabrera, "Knowledge-Sharing Dilemmas", Organization Studies, Vol.23, No.5, 2002, pp. 687-710, https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840602235001
  15. Chea, S. and M. M. Luo, "Post-Adoption Behaviors of e-Service Customers: The Interplay of Cognition and Emotion", International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Vol.12, No.3, 2008, pp. 29-56. https://doi.org/10.2753/JEC1086-4415120303
  16. Chin, W. W., The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling, in G. A. Marcoulides (ed.), Modern Methods for Business Research, Mahway, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1998, pp. 295-336.
  17. Chin, W. W., Frequently Asked Questions-Partial Least Squares and PIS-Graph, 2000, Available: http://disc-nt.cba.uh.edu/chin/plsfaq.htm.
  18. Chiu, C. M., M. H. Hsu, and E. T. G. Wang, "Understanding Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Communities: An Integration of Social Capital and Social Cognitive Theories", Decision Support Systems, Vol.42, No.3, 2006, pp. 1872-1888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2006.04.001
  19. Choi, S. Y., Y. S. Kang, and H. Lee, "The Effects of Socio-Technical Enablers on Knowledge Sharing: An Exploratory Examination", Journal of Information Science, Vol.34, No.5, 2008, pp. 742-754. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551507087710
  20. Chow, W. S. and L. S. Chan, "Social Network, Social Trust, and Shared Goals in Organizational Knowledge Sharing", Information and Management, Vol.45, No.7, 2008, pp. 458-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2008.06.007
  21. Cohen, W. and D. Levinthal, "Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation", Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.35, No.1, 1990, pp. 128-152. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393553
  22. Constant, D., S. Kiesler, and L. Sproull, "What's Mine Is Ours, or Is It? A Study of Attitudes about Information Sharing", Information Systems Research, Vol.5, No.4, 1994, pp. 400-421. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.5.4.400
  23. DeLone, W. H. and E. R. McLean, "The DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success: A Ten-Year Update", Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.19, No.4, 2003, pp. 9-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2003.11045748
  24. Dyer, J. H. and K. Nobeoka, "Creating and Managing a High-Performance Knowledge-Sharing Network: The Toyota Case", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.21, No.3, 2000, pp. 345-367. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200003)21:3<345::AID-SMJ96>3.0.CO;2-N
  25. Fornell, C. and D. F. Larcker, "Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error", Journal of Marketing Research, Vol.18, No.1, 1981, pp. 39-50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
  26. Gold, A. H., A., Malhotra, and A. H. Segars, "Knowledge Management: An Organizational Capabilities Perspective", Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.18, No.1, 2001, pp. 185-214. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2001.11045669
  27. Grant, R. M., "Toward a Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.17, 1996, pp. 109-122. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199602)17:2<109::AID-SMJ796>3.0.CO;2-P
  28. Hair, J., R. Anderson, and R. B. Tatham, Multivariate Data Analysis, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1998.
  29. Inkpen, A. C. and E. W. K. Tsang, "Social Capital, Networks, and Knowledge Transfer", Academy of Management Review, Vol.30, No.1, 2005, pp. 146-165. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2005.15281445
  30. Kim, B. and I. Han, "The Role of Trust Belief in Community-Driven Knowledge and its Antecedents", Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Vol.60, No.5, 2009, pp. 1012-1026. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.21041
  31. Kim Y. G. and J. H. Lee, "A Stage Model of Organizational Knowledge Management: A Latent Content Analysis", Expert Systems with Applications, Vol.20, No.4, 2001, pp. 299-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0957-4174(01)00015-X
  32. King, W. R. and P. V. Marks Jr., "Motivating Knowledge Sharing through a Knowledge Management System", OMEGA, Vol.36, 2008, pp. 131-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2005.10.006
  33. Kulkarni, U. R., S. Ravindran, and R. Freeze, "A Knowledge Management Success Model: Theoretical Development and Empirical Validation", Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.23, No.3, 2006, pp. 309-347.
  34. Lee, H. and B. Choi. "Knowledge Management Enablers, Processes, and Organizational Performance: An Integrative View and Empirical Examination", Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.20, No.1, 2003, pp. 179-228. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2003.11045756
  35. Lee, J. N., "The Impact of Knowledge Sharing, Organizational Capability and Partnership Quality on IS Outsourcing Success", Information and Management, Vol.38, No.5, 2001, pp. 323-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7206(00)00074-4
  36. Levin, D. Z. and R. Cross, "The Strength of Weak Ties You Can Trust: The Mediating Role of Trust in Effective Knowledge Transfer", Management Science, Vol.50, No.1, 2004, pp. 1477-1490. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1030.0136
  37. Liao, S. H., W. C. Fei, and C. C. Chen, "Knowledge Sharing, Absorptive Capacity, and Innovation Capability: An Empirical Study of Taiwan's Knowledge- Intensive Industries", Journal of Information Science, Vol.33, No.3, 2007, pp. 340-359. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551506070739
  38. Lin, H. F., "Effects of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation on Employee Knowledge Sharing Intentions", Journal of Information Science, Vol.33, No.2, 2007, pp. 135-150. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551506068174
  39. Minbaeva, D., T. Pedersen, I. Bjorkman, C. F. Fey, and H. J. Park, "MNC Knowledge Transfer, Subsidiary Absorptive Capacity, and HRM", Journal of International Business Studies, Vol.34, No.6, 2003, pp. 586-599. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400056
  40. Osterloh, M. and B. S. Frey, "Motivation, Knowledge Transfer, and Organizational Forms", Organization Science, Vol.11, No.5, 2000, pp. 538-550. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.11.5.538.15204
  41. Ring, P. S. and J. L. Perry, "Strategic Management in Public and Private Organizations: Implications of Distinctive Contexts and Constraints", Academy of Management Review, Vol.10, No.2, 1985, pp. 276-286.
  42. Smith, E. A., "The Role of Tacit and Explicit Knowledge in the Workplace", Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol.5, No.4, 2001, pp. 311-321. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270110411733
  43. Spreng, R. A., S. B. MacKenzie, and R. W. Olshavsky, "A Reexamination of the Determinants of Consumer Satisfaction", Journal of Marketing, Vol.60, No.3, 1996, pp. 15-32. https://doi.org/10.2307/1251839
  44. Syed Omar, S. I. and R. Fytton, "Knowledge Management in a Public Organization: A Study on the Relationship between Organizational Elements and the Performance of Knowledge Transfer", Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol.8, No.2, 2004, pp. 95-111. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270410529145
  45. Tanriverdi, H., "Information Technology Relatedness, Knowledge Management Capability, and Performance of Multibusiness Firms", MIS Quarterly, Vol.29, No.2, 2005, pp. 311-334. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148681
  46. Teece, D. J., G. Pisano, and A. Shuen, "Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.18, No.7, 1997, pp. 509-533. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::AID-SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z
  47. Tsai, W., "Knowledge Transfer in Intraorganizational Networks: Effects of Network Position and Absorptive Capacity on Business Unit Innovation and Performance", Academy of Management Journal, Vol.44, No.5, 2001, pp. 996-1004. https://doi.org/10.2307/3069443
  48. Wasko, M. M. and S. Faraj, "Why Should I Share? Examining Social Capital and Knowledge Contribution in Electronic Networks of Practice", MIS Quarterly, Vol.29, No.1, 2005, pp. 35-58. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148667
  49. Wemerfelt, B., "A Resource-Based View of the Firm", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.5, No.2, 1984, pp. 171-180. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050207
  50. Wu, J. H. and Y. M. Wang, "Measuring KMS Success: A Respecification of the DeLone and McLean's Model", Information and Management, Vol.43, No.6, 2006, pp. 728-739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2006.05.002
  51. Zahra, A. S. and G. George, "Absorptive Capacity: A Review, Re-Conceptualization, and Extension", Academy of Management Review, Vol.27, No.2, 2002, pp. 185-203.