• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.19-38
• /
• 2015

This study explores the types of relationships between 410 adult children and their elderly parents based of exchange theory and the Konstanz model. In terms of the exchange of emotional, instrumental, and economic support based on exchange theory, the types of relationships identified included "support offers," "reciprocity," and "support benefits." In terms of conflict, intimacy, support offers, support benefits, and support obligations for adult children based on the Konstanz model, the type of relationships with the father included "an intimate exchange," "conflictual distance," "a conflictual sense of duty," and "a flexible exchange." The type of relationships with the mother included "an intimate exchange," "conflictual distance," "separate distance," and "a conflictual offer." There were no distinct characteristics of relationship types based on exchange theory. However, there were differences in characteristics of relation types based on the Konstanz model by gender. These results have important implications with respect to the Western model.

• 통상정보연구
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.159-175
• /
• 2006

This paper that explain exchange rate determination using Korea's economy data moment investigate whether each theory cause effect that is some on exchange rate showdown analyzing actual proof relation between foreign exchange fluctuation and financing part variance examine wish to. Because korea economic enters in the 1990s and the 2000s and the change is notable, foreign exchange fluctuation by such change is real condition that is changing. In this paper, I wish to enforce actual proof analysis if change such as him is grasped by form that is some about foreign exchange fluctuation. First, the second chapter investigates exchange rate decision theory that is used on actual proof interpretation, and executes actual proof Test in reply in subsequent the third chapter. And finally, the fourth chapter wishes to drive conclusion of this paper.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.209-244
• /
• 1995

The time therapy in oriental medicine is to reserch physiological activity and pathological variation with time, or time with disease. In that, this therapy is to research the development of disease, progress, diagnosis, treatment, and the meaning of preventive medicine. The theory of time therapy has been developed form heaven-human corresponding principle, and fourtimes of seasons is related with human life. After that, this theory affects in yin-yang five circle principle and organ-meridian match system. The independent development was formed later, but the origin has progressed for a logn times. in relation with time therapy, traditional acupuncture therory suggested five semen. In twenty century, the doctor rheinhold voll suggested energy exchange theory, this theory is based on time therapy, but has partial differance also too. His oppinion is this´ the energy present in the body has a circulation following the acupuncture teaching, i.e., the organs and their meridians are flooded in a certain sequence by this flowing energy. This maximum times of the organs are of physiologic and pathologic significance to man. In next time, we will discuss the indivisual theory in detail, and wil have comparison, and considering too.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 2014

This papers is to find out the design theory of total healing environment through the studies on the mutually complementary roles of proxemics, which is the objective and numerical design indicator in the analysis of space and the spacial expression theory, which is the subjective and intuitive design indicator. 3 factors in the elements of total healing environment have the following relationship. And 8 behavioral affordance factors in the elements of spatial expression have the following mutual relationships; The physical factor of total healing environment has the relation with the work&study(+) and circulation(+), the psychological factor has the relationship with the rest(-),visual sequence(-),social exchange(+),refreshment(-) and meditation(-). In addition, the social factor of total healing environment has the relation with the circulation(+),social exchange(+) and community(+). And the work&study(+) and rest(-) of the refuge have the relation with the intimate distance and personal distance, the circulation (+) and visual sequence (-) of the flow has the relationship with the social distance. In addition, the social exchange (+) and the refreshment (-) of the prospect have the relation with the near public distance and the community (+) and meditation (-) of the void have the relation with the far public distance. According to the analysis, the cases in 5 children hospital were studied and the characteristics of total healing environment was evaluated for the spatial proxemics.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.36.1-36.1
• /
• 2013

I present a simple scheme for the treatment of gravitational interactions on galactic scales. In analogy with known mechanisms of quantum field theory, I assume ad hoc that gravitation is mediated by virtual exchange particles - gravitons - with very small but non-zero masses. The scheme predicts the asymptotic flattening of galactic rotation curves, the Tully-Fisher/Faber-Jackson relations, the mass discrepancy-acceleration relation of galaxies, and the surface brightness-acceleration relation of galaxies correctly; additional (dark) mass components are not required. The well-established empirical scaling laws of Modified Newtonian Dynamics follow naturally from the model. The scheme I present is not a consistent theory of gravitation; rather, it is a toy model providing a convenient scaling law that simplifies the description of gravity on galactic scales.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.61-73
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of union commitment and union participation intention based on the social exchange perspective and apply implications to union setting to improve union management. The results are as follows : Firstly, union commitment is the most direct predictors of union participation intention and mediates the relation both perceived union support and union instrumentality and union participation intention. Secondly, both perceived union support and union instrumentality are direct predictors of union commitment but perceived union support has more effect than union instrumentality on union commitment. Lastly, process related justices affect on perceived union support but interactional justice is a more Important antecedent of perceived union support than procedural justice. Unexpected finding is that union instrumentality has direct relationship with not only union commitment but also perceived union support. This finding is needed further research in the future.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.207-225
• /
• 2012

This study examined the meanings of reflective utterances fathers regarding their paternal role and the relationship of this to the process of a reflective parent education program for fathers whose children had been referred to psychotherapy. The subjects were 2 fathers aged in their late-thirties of 2 children with emotional behavioral problems. The father education program consisted of contents based on object relation theory. The reflective dialogues between fathers and the parent educator in the process of the program were analyzed. The meanings of the reflective utterances made by the fathers were indicated to be the understanding of the relationship between child's problematic behaviors and family dynamics, a reflection on their oppressive child rearing behaviors, the awareness of the necessity for emotional exchange with family members, the importance of cooperation between both the mother and father when it comes to child rearing, and the values at the heart of being together with children. The implications of the results were also discussed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.249-261
• /
• 2021

To tranquilize the devastating impact of unnecessary risk-taking behavior of banks towards the economy for maximizing their profits that usually arises due to widely known 'moral-hazard' problem originating from market competition and intensified by bank's limited liability, the banking system is strongly monitored across all countries of the world. The goal of controlling would become more feasible if there exist some self-discipline and motivations which could safeguard the banks' charter value through the mechanism of market discipline. Therefore, our study is aimed to scrutinize the relation between market discipline and charter value of local commercial banks that are registered on the Pakistan Stock Exchange by analyzing a balanced panel data from the year 2007 to 2019. Deposit growth, interbank deposits, and subordinate debt are taken as proxies to measure market discipline whereas Tobin's Q theory is applied for calculating the charter value. Generalized Least Square Regression with Fixed Effect Model is used for evaluation. The outcomes reveal that in the existence of control variables, all proxies of market discipline have a significant positive impact on bank charter value. Our research has important policy implications for monitoring and supervising financial intermediaries for their stability and soundness by offsetting the complications of moral-hazard in the financial systems.

• 분석과 대안
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.181-230
• /
• 2023

본 연구에서는 현대화폐이론(Modern Monetary Theory)의 실증적 타당성을 평가하기 위해 OECD 국가의 연간 패널자료(2000~2022년)를 이용하여 패널 공적분 분석을 수행하였다. 구체적으로 OECD 가입국을 대상으로 주권화폐(sovereign currency) 보유 여부에 따라 국가그룹을 나눈 후, 각 그룹별로 국가부채 또는 재정적자 비율과 국채이자율 간의 장기균형 관계, 즉 공적분 관계를 검정 및 추정하였다. 실증분석 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 통합 평균-그룹(pooled mean-group) 추정법을 통한 패널 공적분 추정 결과, 유로존 또는 고정환율제 그룹과 같은 비주권화폐국에서는 국가부채 및 재정적자 비율이 국채이자율과 장기적으로 유의한 양(+)의 상관관계를 가지는 반면, 비유로존 또는 변동환율제 그룹과 같은 주권화폐국의 경우에는 음(-)의 상관관계를 가지거나 유의한 관계가 나타나지 않았다. 특히 비주권화폐국에서 국가부채 비율은 장기뿐만 아니라 단기적으로도 실질 국채이자율과 유의한 양(+)의 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 국가부채 또는 재정적자 비율과 국채이자율 간의 관계에 대한 현대화폐이론의 예측과 부합하는 것이며, 따라서 동 이론의 실증적 타당성을 지지하는 하나의 근거가 될 수 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.178-184
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 프랜차이즈 본사의 성과에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 가맹점 순응과 선행 영향요인을 관계교환이론관점에서 살핀 실증연구이다. 연구결과 본사에 대한 가맹점 신뢰가 갈등과 순응 사이에서 완전매개 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 프랜차이즈 시스템에서 성공적인 가맹점 관리를 위해 신뢰 구축이 중요함을 의미한다. 본사와 가맹점 상호 간에 형성된 신뢰는 계약서에 명기되지 않은 영역까지 관계적 지배의 영향력을 발휘한다. 또한 이해의 불일치와 불공정한 힘의 관계로 빈번히 발생하는 갈등을 감소시키고 가맹점 순응을 유발한다는 점에서 대단히 중요하다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 갈등과 신뢰 그리고 가맹점 순응으로 이어지는 관계의 메커니즘을 이론적 논의 및 실증분석을 통해 규명했다는 점에서 이론적 실무적 공헌이 크다.