• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1349-1355
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• 2005

The steamed root of Rehmannia glutinosa has been used for treatment of inner ear diseases, such as tinnitus and hearing loss in traditional Oriental Medicine. In the present study, we investigated the effect of ethanol extract of steamed root R. glutinosa (SRG) on cisplatin cytotoxicity of HEI-OC1 auditory cells. In addition, to investigate the mechanism of SRG on cisplatin cytotoxicity, the effects of SRG on lipid peroxidation as well as scavenging activities against various free radicals were measured in cisplatin-treated cells. Treatment of SRG protected cells from cisplatin and reduced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, SRG demonstrated significant scavenging activity against various free radicals, including superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and DPPH radical. These results indicate that SRG protects cisplatin-induced damages of HEI-OC1 cells through inhibition of lipid peroxidation and augmenting scavenging activities against free radials.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.295-300
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• 2001

지황 pelleting 종자의 발아특성을 구명코자 온도에 따른 발아율, 채종 후 기간, pelleting물질의 종류, pelleting 크기에 따른 발아율 조사한 결과 온도 및 채종 후 기간에 따른 발아율은 명조건, 암조건 모두 $25^{\circ}C$에서 발아율이 높았으며, 당년에 채종한 종자에 비해 채종 후 1년 경과한 종자가 발아율이 높았다. Pelleting 물질별 발아율은 talc처리에서 82.5%로 가장 높았다. Pelleting 종자 크기에 따른 발아율은 2.0mm 크기가 발아율이 높았으며, 특히 talc 2.0 mm에서는 100%의 발아율을 보였다. Pelleting 물질 조합처리에서는 talc + vermiculite, zeolite + vermiculite 모두 대조구보다 발아율이 낮았으며, pelleting 크기별 발아율은 0.7 mm에서 가장 높았다.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.8-12
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• 2007

All accessions of Rehmannia glutinosa show the unique characteristic of intrinsic tolerance to paraquat. The higher level of endogenous superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity and its increase upon paraquat treatment indicated the involvement of SOD in the tolerance mechanism to paraquat in R. glutinosa. In this study, we examined the isoform-specific response of SOD to oxidative stresses and hormones. Six SOD isoforms were found in the leaf, and they were identified as two MnSODs(named MnSOD I and MnSOD II, in order of increasing mobility), one FeSOD and three Cu/ZnSODs(named Cu/ZnSOD I, Cu/ZnSOD II, and Cu/ZnSOD III, in order of increasing mobility). MnSOD I, MnSOD II, FeSOD, Cu/ZnSOD I, Cu/ZnSOD II, and Cu/ZnSOD III, contributed to 4, 11, 7, 15, 30, and 32% of the total SOD activity, respectively. Total SOD activity levels in the leaf were increased by 4, 24, and 21% by paraquat, salicylic acid(SA), and yeast extract(YE), respectively, but little by ethephon. Six SOD isoforms responded differentially to these stresses and hormones. The activities of all the isoforms were increased by YE and SA except that of MnSOD I which was decreased by SA. The activities of MnSOD I, FeSOD, and CuZnSOD I were increased by paraquat. These results suggest that amelioration of oxidative stresses by SOD is fine-tuned by the differential expression of isoforms in R. glutinosa.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.535-542
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of chocolate added with Rehmannia Radix Preparata (R. Radix Preparata) concentrate (0, 3, 6 and 9%). As the amount of R. Radix Preparata concentrate increased, water content significantly. The pH of chocolate decreased significantly as R. Radix Preparata concentrate increased, but the acidity of chocolate increased. Sugar concentration and reducing sugar contents also increased according to the amount of R. Radix Preparata concentrate. The L(lightness), a(redness) and b(yellowness) values significantly decreased as R. Radix Preparata concentrate increased. However, texture was not significantly different among the treatments. As the amount of R. Radix Preparata concentrate increased, DPPH radical scavenging and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities increased. In the results of the sensory evaluation, scores of color, taste, flavor, texture, and overall acceptability were the highest in chocolate added with 6% R. Radix Preparata concentrate. From these results, it was suggested that the optimum addition amount of R. Radix Preparata concentrate to chocolate is 6%.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.146-151
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• 2017

Background: Rehmannia glutinosa is a perennial herb belonging to the family Scrophulariaceae. Its roots have been utilized as a traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to elucidate the basic information of the roots of the R. glutinosa cultivars and their utilization. Methods and Results: The roots of R. glutinosa cultivars were harvested in the end of March. The two iridoid glycosides, aucubin and catalpol, were analyzed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), whereas ${\gamma}-aminobutyric$ acid (GABA) was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The aucubin content was the highest in the Dakang cultivar, whereas no aucubin was detected in the five cultivars. All cultivars had more than 12 mg/g catalpol content, and the maximum catalpol content was found in Jihwang 1. The GABA content was the highest in Suwon 1, and it was 40 times more than that in the Yeongang cultivar. Conclusions: The highest aucubin, catapol and GABA contents were detected in the Dakang, Jihwang 1, and Suwon 1, cultivars respectively. This study provides the crucial information regarding the versatile utilization and pedigree selection of R. glutinosa cultivars.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2017

Background: In this study, examined the effects of an extract of a mixture of Angelica gigas, Cnidium officinale, Paeonia lactiflora, and Rehmannia glutinosa fermented by Leuconostoc mesenteroides, with enhanced value and functionality. In oriental medicine, a mixture of these herbs is called Samultang. Methods and Results: In this study, we evaluated the effects of a fermented extract of Samultang on oxidative stress, procollagen type I expression, and melanin production. Samultang was extracted with 70% ethanol, followed by inoculation with Leuconostoc mesenteroides to obtain the fermented extract. The evaluation of viability of B16F10 cells and human foreskin fibroblast (HHF) revealed that both ethanol and fermented extracts of Samultang were non-toxic. The results of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test showed that the fermented extract of Samultang ($SC_{50}value=100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) was a more effective DPPH free radical scavenger than its ethanol extract. In addition, procollagen type I expression was higher in cells treated with the fermented extract of Samultang than in cells treated with ethanol. In the non-toxic concentration range, the fermented extract of Samultang showed strong inhibitory effect on melanin production in ${\alpha}-melanocyte$ stimulatin hormone-stimulated B16F10 cells ($IC_{50}=37.9{\mu}g/m{\ell}$). Conclusions: These results suggest that the fermented extract of Samultang has considerable protential as a cosmetic ingredient owing to its antioxidant, anti-wrinkle, and whitening effects.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the preventing effects of OPB (Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch and Eleutherococcus senticosus Max extracts) and combined OPB/Calcium therapy on bone loss in ovariectomized rats. Sixty Sprague Dawley rats of 12-week-old were divided into eight groups: OVX (ovariectomized), OPBL (OPB 50 mg/kg), OPBM (OPB100 mg/kg), OPBH (OPB 200 mg/kg), OPBL/CAL(OPBL+CAL), OPBM/CAL (OPBM+CAL), OPBH/CAL (OPBH+CAL) and CAL (Calcium citrate 88.33 mg/kg+1$\alpha$, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin $D_3$ 33.33 IU/kg). Bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), bone strength indices and cortical thickness were analyzed by peripheral quantitative computerized tomography (pQCT). pQCT scanning showed that OVX induced a significant decrease in trabecular bone mineral density and bone mineral content in the proximal tibia $(-36.4\pm2.4%,\;-21.8\pm12.7%)$. These decreases were significantly prevented by the administration of OPBM and OPBM/CAL. Cortical BMD and BMC of tibia were slightly enhanced by OPB and OPB/CAL. However there was no significant difference between OVX and OPB, OPB/CAL treated group. Bone strength indices and cortical thickness were not significantly different. Our results suggest that OPB and combined OPB/Calcium therapy are effective in preventing the development of bone loss induced by ovariectomy in rats.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 1989

지황(地黃)의 주(主) 약효성분(藥?成分) catalpol함량(含量)에 대한 무기성분(無機成分) 및 당류(糖類)들의 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 이들의 성분(成分)들의 상호관계(相互關係)를 조사(調査)하였다. 지황(地黃)의 질소함량(窒素含量)은 catalpol 및 에탄올엑기스함량(含量)과 정(正)의 상관(相關)을, 회분(灰分), galactose 및 fructose함량(含量)과는 부(負)의 상관(相關)을 보였다. 지황(地黃)의 Ca함량(含量)는 catalpol, 에탄올엑기스 및 수제(水製)엑기스함량(含量)과 고도(高度)의 부(負)의 상관(相關)을 회분(灰分), 산불용성회분(酸溶不性灰分), fructose 및 galactose함량(含量)과는 정(正)의 상관(相關)을 보였다. Catalpol 함량(含量)은 에탄올엑기스 및 수제(水製)엑기스함량(含量)과는 고도(高度)의 정(正)의 상관(相關)을, 회분(灰分) galactose 및 fructose 함량(含量)과는 부(負)의 상관(相關)을 나타내었다. 지황(地黃)의 에탄올엑기스 및 수제(水製)엑기스함량(含量)은 회분함량(灰分含量)과 고도(高度)의 부(負)의 상관(相關)을 보였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.291-295
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• 2018

Background: The use of Rehmannia glutinosa of the family Scrophulariaceae, in traditional medicine is well known. This study was conducted to elucidate the effect of air curing of the seed rhizome of R. glutinosa on its storability and yield. Methods and Results: The root of the R. glutinosa cultivar (Dagang) was harvested in at the end of November. The seed rhizomes were air cured for one to seven days. They were subsequently wrapped with newspaper and further stored in a plastic container at $1^{\circ}C$. It was observed that the weight loss and decay rates were significantly lower in the air cured seeds than in the untreated ones. Moreover, the decay rate of the control was approximately 50%, 120 days after storage. However. the decay rate of all the air cured treatment groups was less than 1%. Additionally, air curing led to an increase in the germination rate of the seeds and the root yield when compared with the untreated groups. Taken together, the ideal treatment period for air curing was found to be 3 days. Under these conditions, the germination rate and yield were 88.7% and 2,185 ㎏/10a, respectively. Conclusions: This study successfully demonstrated that the air curing of seed rhizomes can lead to a considerable increase in the storability and yield of R. glutinosa.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.330-338
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• 2019

Background: This study was conducted to compare the physicochemical properties of 12 different cultivars of Rehmannia glutinosa, a plant used in Korean traditional herbal medicine. Method and Results: We investigated the following 12 cultivars of R. glutinosa; Jihwang1, Goryeo, Daegyung, Gogang, Togang, Dagang, Wongang, Yeongang, Hwanggang, Dahwang, Segang and Chunggang. We measured water content, chromaticity, hardness, active components levels, and antioxidant activity. Our results showed that Togang has the lowest water content and the highest yield. The catalpol content was the highest in Togang (40.50 mg/g) and the lowest in Chunggang (22.17 mg/g). The aucubin content was the highest in Hwanggang (0.28 mg/g). Chunggang had the lowest aucubin content, but the highest level of verbascoside. Total flavonoid and total polyphenol were the highest in Daegyung and Chunggang, respectively. There was a strong correlation between the total flavonoid and total polyphenol (r = 0.89) content. Conclusions: There were significant differences in physicochemical properties among 12 cultivars. These properties will affect suitability for processing and final product quality. We therefore suggest the selection of appropriate cultivars for different uses.