• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.451-454
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• 2010

Objectives: The American Diabetes Association (ADA) has recently recommended the HbA1c assay as one of four options for making the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, with a cut-point of $\geq$ 6.5%. We compared the HbA1c assay and the fasting plasma glucose level for making the diagnosis of diabetes among Korean adults. Methods: We analyzed 8710 adults (age 45-74 years), who were not diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus, from the Namwon study population. A fasting plasma glucose level of $\geq$126 mg/dL and an A1c of $\geq$ 6.5% were used for the diagnosis of diabetes. The kappa index of agreement was calculated to measure the agreement between the diagnosis based on the fasting plasma glucose level and the HbA1c. Results: The kappa index of agreement between the fasting plasma glucose level and HbA1c was 0.50. Conclusions: The agreement between the fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c for the diagnosis of diabetes was moderate for Korean adults.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.219-227
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• 2014

Background: Current trends in Korea population aging with advances in public health and clinical medicine foretell rises in the prevalence of not only chronic diseases but also patients with multimorbidity. One important aspect in analyzing multimorbidity is to define the list of chronic diseases included when calculating multimorbidity index. The objective of this study is to describing the effect of multimorbidity on healthcare cost in Korea using US Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health (OASH) list. Methods: We analyzed the Korea Health Panel Data representing non-institutionalized Korean adult populations aged 20 and more. We calculated multimorbidity index based on OASH list and estimated the prevalence and healthcare cost for each OASH chronic disease. Results: In 2011, 15.2 million (39.6%) Koreans aged 20 and more were living with chronic condition. The health care cost due to chronic diseases, accounted for 80.2% of the overall healthcare costs and the prevalence of chronic conditions, the prevalence of multimorbidity and healthcare cost increased with ages. In the analysis using OASH list, 40% of the adult population over the age of 20 and 66.7% of the population over the age of 65 was affected with multimorbidity. In most of diseases in OASH list, prevalence of mulitmorbidity was high and healthcare cost increased with multimorbidity. Conclusion: OASH chronic disease list that accounts for 72.4% of prevalence and 86.7% of healthcare cost of persons with chronic conditions in Korea. OASH chronic disease list would be a useful and representative indicator for studying multimorbidity.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제81권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2018

Cancer is the leading cause of death in the Republic of Korea and cancer death accounts for 27.8% of the total deaths, which is not only a social issue but also a concern for the public. Among the cancer death rates, lung cancer mortality account for 34 deaths per 100,000 populations, making it the number one cancer death rate. In a preliminary report on cancer death in 2012, the lung cancer mortality ratio showed the regional variation indicating that there were differences in the qualitative level and the structure among the medical care benefit agency and in the assessment of the treatment process. Therefore, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) had begun evaluation of the assessment of lung cancer treatment since 2014 to improve the quality of lung cancer care through evaluation and feeds back the results of lung cancer care process. In this report, authors described the current Indicators for the lung cancer adequacy assessment proposed by HIRA and results of the evaluation reported in 2017.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.12-22
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• 2021

의료 공급자인 의사의 급여수준을 파악하는 것은 매우 중요한 보건의료 정책연구의 주제 중의 하나이다. 이 연구는 봉직의사의 급여 수준의 기술적 분포를 파악하고, 봉직의사의 급여수준에 영향을 미치는 결정요인을 도출하였다. 연구대상 자료는 '초빙닷컴(www.chobing.com)'의 의사 초빙정보 사이트에서 2016년 5월부터 2019년 5월까지 게시된 4,014개의 구인광고 건 사례였다. 이 연구는 단면연구로 봉직의사의 구인 광고에 제시된 월평균 급여액을 종속변수로 초빙전문과목, 근로 지역, 채용 시기, 당직 여부, 사택여부, 퇴직금 제공 여부, 추가적인 인센티브 제공여부 등을 독립변수로 단변량 분석과 다중회귀 분석을 실시하였다. 연구의 주요결과는 첫째, 봉직의사의 월평균 급여는 1,540만 원, 표준편차 390만 원이었고, 전문과목별 월평균 급여는 정형외과가 2,124만 원으로 가장 높았고, 진단검사의학과가 1,140만 원으로 가장 낮았다. 지역 별로 경남이 1,708만 원으로 가장 높았고, 서울이 1,405만 원으로 가장 낮았다. 둘째, 단변량 분석에서는 평균 급여의 경우, 외과계, 기타 과, 내과계 순으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p<0.05), 비메이저 과목, 지역이 도일수록, 영·호남일수록, 야간 당직이 없을수록, 사택 제공이 있을수록, 퇴직금이 없을수록, 인센티브가 있을수록 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 표준화 급여에서는 외과계, 내과계, 기타 과 순으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p<0.05), 비메이저 과목일수록, 도일수록, 제주 및 영·호남 순으로, 시기별로는 1분기와 3분기일수록 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 셋째, 다중회귀분석 결과, 평균 급여는 비메이저 과목일수록, 사택 제공이 있는 경우, 퇴직금이 없는 경우, 인센티브가 있는 경우가 유의한 기여 변수였으며(p<0.05), 표준화 급여에서는 비메이저 과목일수록, 인센티브가 있을수록, 지역이 도일수록 유의한 기여변수로 도출되었다(p<0.05). 따라서 이 연구는 전문과목별, 지역별, 기타 사택 제공 여부, 퇴직금 지급 여부, 기타 인센티브 지급여부 등이 결정요인임을 확인하였다. 그러나 이 연구는 단면연구로서 추후 보다 심층적인 연구가 요구된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.391-403
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• 1990

In order to assess the degree of atmospheric pollution and noise and to contribute the health improvement of residents in Pusan, the author measured the levels of CO, $SO_2,\;NO_2$, TSP, HCHO and noise in 8 areas (industrial, residential and park areas) from January to March in 1990. The results were as follows : 1. Sasang industrial area was significantly higher($2.85{\pm}0.84ppm$) in the average concentration of CO than other areas. However, there no areas to affect the human body in terms of CO concentration. 2. In general, industrial area was significantly higher ($0.134{\pm}0.084ppm$) in the average concentration of $SO_2$ than other areas, and it was the lowest ($0.009{\pm}0.005ppm$) in the Namchon-dong area. 3. Industrial ($0.033{\pm}0.009ppm$) and residential area ($0.029{\pm}0.004ppm$) were significantly higher in the average concentration of $NO_2$ than Park area ($0.009{\pm}0.001ppm$). However, there were no areas to affect the human body in terms of $NO_2$ concentration. 4. Sasang industrial area was the highest ($580.4{\pm}415.26{\mu}g/m^3$) at the average concentration of TSP and Hae-Un Dae area was the lowest ($97.22{\pm}37.86{\mu}g/m^3$). But TSP concentration showed the level to affect the human body in most areas. 5. Industrial area was significantly higher ($2.25{\pm}1.15ppb$) in the average concentration of HCHO than residential ($1.13{\pm}0.25ppb$) and park area ($1.33{\pm}0.20ppb$). 6. Industrial area was significantly higher ($77.28{\pm}6.92dB(A)$) in the level of noise than residential ($65.77{\pm}3.76dB(A)$) and park area ($64.65{\pm}5.25dB(A)$). In comparison with regional Standard Noise Level, howeverm the average noise level of residential and park area was higher than that of the Standard. In general, the level of pollution of industrial complex areas was relatively higher than those of residential and park areas. Among the industrial areas, sasang area was worst in most items. Both $SO_2$ and TSP showed the level to affect the human body in most of studied areas. It is necessary to install a new Air Quality Standard for HCHO to screen our environmental pollution.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2015

Objectives: In Korea, the system of management of medical waste largely relies on the incineration method. Our study aimed to identify any regional imbalances between the generation and treatment of medical waste, and provide reference data for future policy in Korea. Methods: We analyzed data on the amount of medical waste from 2,000 hospitals in 2012, 2013, and 2014 obtained from the Korea Environment Corporation. In the Arc GIS program (version 10.2.3), the addresses of hospitals and incinerators were transformed into map coordinates. The amount of waste generated by each hospital and the amount incinerated were represented by density and size of a triangle symbol, respectively. Results: As of 2014, the total amount of medical waste from the top 2,000 hospitals was 136,073 tons, out of which about half (49%) was generated in the capital area. Eleven incineration companies (three in the capital area, two in the Chungcheong Provinces area, one in the Jeolla Provinces area, and five in the Gyeongsang Provinces area) treated this waste. For the years 2012, 2013, and 2014, about 60% of the medical waste generated from the hospitals in the capital area was treated within the capital area and about 40% was transported to other areas, especially the Gyeongsang Provinces area, for treatment. On the other hand, about 90% of the medical waste incinerated in the capital area originated from the capital area. Conclusion: Our results suggest a spatial imbalance between the generation and treatment of medical waste in Korea and warrants multilateral policies, including the expansion of on-site treatment, strengthening regulation of the containment of medical wastes, promoting reductions in medical waste and more.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2016

본 연구는 울릉도 현포항을 대상으로 지속가능한 공간환경 재생을 위한 새로운 패러다임으로서 지역주민, 중앙과 지방정부의 거버넌스에 기초한 어항개발방안을 모색하였다. 연구목적을 수행하기 위해 울릉도 주민을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시한 결과 첫째, 현재 울릉도 주거환경의 가장 큰 문제로 접근성 불량, 병원 보건소, 상가 부족 등 생활환경 취약이 높게 지적되었고, 둘째, 현재 정부와 지방자치단체의 울릉도 관련 개발 사업이 실제로 지역경제 활성화 및 울릉도 주민의 삶의 질 개선에 기여하지 못한다는 인식이 많았고, 셋째, 울릉도 관련 개발사업 추진의 애로사항으로 울릉도가 보유하고 있는 각종 자원에 대한 중요성이나 활용에 대한 인식 부족, 중앙정부와 지방자치단체의 지원 부족을 큰 문제로 지적하였고, 넷째, 현재 현포항의 관리수준을 미흡하게 인식하였다. 이상의 조사결과를 바탕으로 개발주체의 지속성, 현포항 개발의 비전제시, 주인의식 전환을 위한 노력, 지역현실을 고려한 단계적 추진, 거대한 테마보다 소규모로 알찬 콘텐츠를 제공할 수 있는 개발이 중요함을 보여주었다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2015

대장암 발생에 관한 국내 역학연구는 매우 부족한 상황으로 국가단위 대장암 발생률의 추세는 보고되어 왔지만 광역 지역에서의 추세 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 대전과 충남의 대장암 발생률 추세를 결장암과 직장암으로 구분하여 기술하고자 한다. 2000-2012년도 기간 동안 해당 지역암등록 자료를 이용하여 세계표준인구를 기준으로 연령표준화 대장암 발생률을 산출하였다. 발생률 추세는 Joinpoint Regression Program으로 분석하여 연평균 변화율(Average Annual Percent Change, AAPC)로 나타내었다. 연구 대상 암등록자료의 질적 수준 평가에서 충실도 지표(MI%)와 타당도 지표(DCO%, MV%, PSU%, AUK%)는 암 발생률의 추세를 기술하기에 전반적으로 적정한 수준이었다. 13년 동안 연령표준화 대장암 발생률은 남성과 여성 모두 지속적으로 증가하였다. 대전지역에서 남성의 경우 2000년 10만 명당 37.2건에서 2012년 51.7건으로 연평균 3.9%(AAPC) 증가하였고, 여성의 경우 2000년 10만 명당 17.1건에서 2012년 28.4건으로 연평균 3.9% 증가하였다. 충남지역에서 남성의 경우 2000년 10만 명당 29.8건에서 2012년 50.1건으로 연평균 5.1% 증가 하였고, 여성의 경우 2000년 10만 명당 15.9건에서 2012년 26.6건으로 연평균 3.2% 증가하였다. 이를 결장암과 직장암으로 분류하여 살펴보면 남녀 모두 결장암의 증가 추세가 직장암 증가보다 더 컸고, 직장암의 증가는 남성이 여성보다 더 빠른 추세였다. 결론적으로 대전과 충남의 대장암 발생은 2000년 이후 13년간 빠른 증가추세를 보였다. 이를 억제하기 위한 대장암 발생 감시와 예방에 지역사회의 관심을 더 높일 필요가 있다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2014

Objectives: The main objective of this study is to investigate domestic usage amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation to provide fundamental data for establishing job-exposure matrix(JEM) related to farmers treating agricultural insecticide. Materials and Methods: The survey on domestic usage amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation was conducted by two research methods. The first method is to utilize agricultural pesticides published annually from Korea Crop Protection Association(KCPA). The second method is to apply cultivation area of vegetable announced officially from Statistics Korea(SK). An estimation of domestic usage amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation through the second method was done by multiplying total cultivation area of vegetable($m^2$) with optimal spray amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation per unit cultivation area of vegetable ($kg/m^2$). Results: As a result of analysis of public data related to insecticide for vegetable cultivation, it was found that its domestic usage amount has decreased gradually from the first sale year(1969) to current year(2012). There is, however, a considerable difference of annual usage trend of insecticide for vegetable cultivation between shipments and estimation. The annual usage trends of insecticide for vegetable cultivation based on regional classification were different from those based on total aspect. Conclusions: The region which used insecticide for vegetable cultivation the most in Korea was Jeolla-do, followed by Gyeonsang-do, Chungcheong-do, Seoul/Gyeonggi-do, Gangwon-do and Jeju-do. Substantially, mean ratio of usage amounts of insecticide based on shipments and those based on estimation by cultivation area was $281{\pm}115%$, which indicates that usage amounts of insecticide estimated by cultivation area are three times lower than those based on shipments.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2014

Objectives: The principal aim of this study is to investigate and analyze domestic usage amounts of insecticide in rice cultivation in order to provide fundamental data for establishing a job-exposure matrix(JEM) related to farmers working with agricultural insecticides. Materials and Methods: An investigation of domestic usage amounts of insecticides rice cultivation was performed through two methods. The first method utilized information on agricultural pesticides published annually by the Korea Crop Protection Association(KCPA). The second method made use of area of cultivation of rice as officially determined by Statistics Korea(SK). An estimation of domestic usage of insecticides in rice cultivation through the second method was determined by multiplying the total cultivation area of rice($m^2$) by the optimal spray volume of insecticides for rice cultivation per unit of cultivation area($kg/m^2$). Results: As a result of the analysis of public data regarding insecticides in rice cultivation, it was found that the domestic usage amount has decreased sharply from the first year of market sales(1969) to the final data year(2012). There is little difference in the annual usage trend of insecticides in rice cultivation between shipment and estimation. Also, the annual usage trends of insecticides in rice cultivation based on regional classification were nearly similar to those based on the overall aspect. Conclusions: The region which used the largest volume of insecticide in rice cultivation in Korea was the Jeolla Provinces, followed by the Gyeonsang Provinces, the Chungcheong Provinces, Seoul/Gyeonggi Province, Gangwon Province and Jeju Province. Substantially, the mean ratio of usage amounts of insecticide based on shipments and those based on estimation by cultivation area was $96{\pm}29%$, which indicates that the domestic usage amount of insecticide for rice cultivation corresponded to the optimal spray standard per unit area.