• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.212-224
• /
• 2010

After the introduction of Volume-based Waste Fee System for municipal wastes, the disposal of food wastes became an issue in society. As this reason, recycling food wastes facilities play an important role such as converting of food waste into animal feed or composting of food waste. Therefore, there is need of efficiency measurement of the facilities to reduce the inefficiency of factors. The purpose of this paper is to make a reasonable suggestion for the improvement of inefficient recycling food wastes facilities. This paper assesses the relative efficiency of recycling food wastes facilities by examining the relationship between inputs and outputs in 41 facilities using data envelopment analysis(DEA). The result shows that 4 facilities whose values of CCR efficiency are 1, and 10 facilities whose values of BCC efficiency are 1, RTS indicates IRS of 17 facilities and CRS of 6 facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.15-23
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study is to provide some architectural characteristics of recycled school facilities. To achieve this purpose literature review and case study are performed. In the case study total 207 recycled school facilities located within Kyungsangpookdo Province were analyzed in terms of its gross building area, size of the site, and new uses. Results of the analyses about the data show that there is a significant correlation between adapted use and size of the site and conditions of the adapted uses are influenced by the size of the site and gross building areas. In addition, this study finds that in case of extensions 53% of the total cases are used for training facilities. Finally, this study shows future research direction for achieving better decision in recycling closed school facilities.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.59-64
• /
• 2001

On July 5, 1997, environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan publicized the recycling regulation of waste home appliances that include four items, namely, television, refrigerator, washing machine, and air conditioner. It is believed that this regulation pioneers the law enforcement of waste home appliances in the world. To comply with tile policy, several contemporary waste disposal plants specialized in waste home appliances were established according to a follow-up technical specification oil the waste treatment facilities and methodology. Therefore, the traditional dismantling facilities were substituted and waste collection routes were altered as well accordingly. This study investigates the collection and recycling costs of waste home appliances in accordance with these newly established routes and facilities, respectively. Cost survey was conducted among collectors and recycling plants of waste home appliances; consequently, tire collection and recycling costs were analyzed, correspondingly. Results show that the recycling costs of waste home appliances were much higher than that of other waste items. Since the market share of recycled materials is lacking, these waste recycling plants of home appliances can only survive under the subsidy of EPA in Taiwan. Due to some arduous problems, the subsidiary system has already caused serious financial unbalance for a foundation under EPA of Taiwan, which associated with waste recycling in Taiwan.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.47-56
• /
• 2010

At present, 265 national food waste recycling facilities have been operated by public facilities 95 and private facilities 160. it has continuously installed a food waste treatment facility from 1997. The government set up and implemented guidelines and inspection standards for the installation and operation of the facilities. However, unclear detailed examination items, designs and process standards for the installation procedures of the facilities are causing problems due to the unskilled operation management system, decrease in efficiency and defects of a facility. This study conducted mail and site surveys on 95 public food waste recycling facilities that it suggest the ways to operate facilities which minimize problems. At the result of investigation, a pre-treatment facility was not installed 2 systems(2 inputting facilities) and hopper covers and food was overloaded. also the transportation amount was excessive. In case of a main treatment facility, the secondary environmental pollution was caused by inexperienced operation and the efficiency of the facility was reduced due to excessive input of food. also the operation management standards of the facilities were inappropriate. The odor and food waste leachate treatment facility is investigated as problems that are unskilled operation, lack of regular inspection and inappropriate capacity of the treatment facility. Based on the problems found through the investigation, it suggested some ways of efficient operation. this study might contribute to minimize mistakes and defects and improve the efficiency of install and operation course of food waste recycling facilities through finding.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 2019

Most of the unused facility in urban areas is perceived as an unreasonable space that damages cityscapes. However, unused space has the advantage of having historical value and potential for new development. In consideration of this, various plans have recently been made in terms of cultural use of unused space. The core is the performing arts culture space where various expressions can be expressed. Changes in the educational space that meet the various conditions required in future societies are also one of the topics to be discussed. In this study, we analyze the performance facilities utilizing the unused space and study the direction of educational facilities based on performance.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.18-25
• /
• 2020

Recently (2019), more than 3,800 schools have been closed in Korea due to the decrease in the number of students. Among them, 1,000 closed schools were used, 400 unused closed schools were sold, and the remaining 2,400 were sold. However, considering the absolute lack of elderly facilities due to the aging population, it seems necessary to recycle these public assets into elderly facilities. The purpose of this study is to explore the cases of remodeling closed schools in Japan and recycling them as elderly facilities, and to find ways to resolve the very serious shortage of elderly facilities while seeking measures to closed schools in Korea. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1) In the case of Shinagawa in Tokyo, it was easy to change its use because the building was owned by the old district. 2) The existing classroom space was used as it was to create an elderly living space consisting of two or three rooms and one bathroom unit. 3) In case 2, even if the earthquake-resistant structure was reinforced, the overall construction cost was reduced by 30% compared to the new construction.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.151-170
• /
• 2009

The objectives of this study were to analysis the nutrient cycles of agricultural by-products. The region, in which agricultural by-products are circulated for use within the agroecosystem for minimizing the input of artificial nutrients as well as generation of wastes, and where ecologically industrial diversity is formed, was defined as the regional agriculture focused on eco-industrial approach. Plan in stages for promoting ahead with the regional agriculture focused on eco-industrial approach is as follows: First of all, "The Consultation Body for Circulating & Using By-products" should be formed. Secondly, usage of agricultural by-products is identified to select the facilities of recycling and its location including the type and amount. Thirdly, the facilities for recycling of resources and infrastructure are installed. Finally, the facilities for recycling and resource circulation system within the area are efficiently managed.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.87-98
• /
• 2000

The costs of solid waste management have continued to increase. Stricter environmental regulations have been applied to waste management units. Future integrated solid waste management should be balanced between source reduction, recycling, energy recovery, and land disposal. To achieve more balanced solid waste management programs, more local governments must adopt diversion and recycling goals and finance to meet those goals. The hierarchy of integrated solid waste management must be enforced in a manner that is flexible enough to allow local governments to implement waste management facilities that match the communities' ability to pay for them. In establishing a hierarchy of integrated solid waste management, local governements have difficulties in implementing source reduction and recycling because of a lack of local control and inability to pay for new facilities. Integrated solid waste management involves selecting compatible options for facilities to manage the collection, recovery of energy and materials(transformation), and disposal of solid wastes efficiently. Waste Collection, transformation, and disposal must support source reduction and recycling activities.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.133-139
• /
• 1999

Community residents are tend to evade waste treatment facilities such as waste landfills, waste incinerators. Therefore, decision-makers of waste management are concerned about the reduction and recycling of food garbage. As a treatment alternative of food garbage which consists of 30% of municipal waste, producing compost and feed stuff from food garbage is environmentally amenable. In considering the characteristics of food garbage are putrid and high moisturized, methods of landfilling and incineration for food garbage are environmentally inadequate. For the institutionalization of food garbage recycling, separate discharge, establishment of collection system, securing of market for compost and feed stuff manufactured from food garbage, and tax and financial incentives for food garbage recycling facilities are necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide a fundamental data and establish policies for the utilization of closed schools in Korea. The closed schools have been increased in Korea because not only the birth rate, and the number of students have been decreased, but also a greate number of people have moved to big cities or the elderly population is increasing. In this context, this research explores the current circumstance of Japan where experienced the similar phenomenon before Korea had. The results of this study are summarized as follows: The reason for the closed schools in Japan is a decrease in population due to the urbanization and reducing students themselves by aging. The recycling proportion of the closed schools is only approximately 62% in Japan. It means that fewer facilities have been recycled due to the transfer of the managemental departments and the lack of budgets for purchasing the closed schools. As the number of children decreases, but elderly people increases as the same time, it is necessary to positively examine the transition of the closed schools to new facilities for the elderly people. Even though the number of children had been declined, and it is recently turning back to an increasing of the residential children in 23 districts of Tokyo, there are still existing many closed schools. This phenomenon is caused by the decrease of the children and residential areas due to the aging and urbanization. For these reasons, there are many diverse demands for the practical and valuable recycling of the closed schools. However, it seems that there are few cases of successful disposal or transfer of management to other suitable ministry. Therefore, it is necessary for the closed schools to be remodeled the facilities required by current residents.