• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.445-452
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• 2020

Tributary is a part of life space for people and a very important place that accommodates rest recreation and other daily activities. absolutely insufficient basic data about water quality and flow rate are available for basin management. Efficient water and basin management systems, which are also supported by local residents can be established by securing such basic data of major tributaries in the Nakdong river system. In this study, the fluctuation characteristics of upstream and downstream water pollution levels were compared using the measurement results of the water environment measurement network and the tributary monitoring project for the gyeseong-stream and Hwapo-stream in the Nakdong-miryang watershed. In 2017, when water pollution is the highest, it was confirmed that the annual average rainfall was the lowest. Although the upstream and downstream water quality tendencies of the Gyeseong-stream are similar, the water quality concentrations of the Gyeseong-stream are relatively different. But although the Hwapo stream has various causes of pollution, there was not much difference in the level of pollution between the upper and lower streams. In addition, both rivers need the ability to purify rivers by securing sufficient water for river maintenance, and if the correlation between water quality items can be inferred through continuous monitoring of tributaries where the aspect of water quality change is unclear, water quality management Determined to be efficient operation.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to construct an evaluation criteria based on the relative importance and various combinations of each evaluation index and then to appraise urban biotope in terms of nature experience and recreation. After the standard of evaluation had been developed through the review of existing literature, the relative importance of the evaluation index through expert survey was determined, and the evaluation model to assess biotope value was established. The results of this study are as follows; 1) We have constructed the seventeen evaluation criteria through literature reviews, and have provided relative importance to each evaluation index of the natural in biotope, the diversity of landscape patterns, the appearance-existence of water space, the special landscape elements, and the access based on the results of expert survey. and then we have constructed an evaluation system using the relative importance criteria. 2) To evaluate urban biotope using the evaluation system constructed, we selected 14 sites. The final evaluation results of each site is as follows; The first grade areas are the water space with semi-natural style in front of Gangchon Woobang apartments, the forest zone near Page Temple at Mt. Palgong, the edge area of Jisan and Gosan and the tendril yard against Anshim middle school. The second grade areas are Hyomyung elementary school, the farm land behind the third Anshim Jugong apartment, Ehyun put and the swampy land in front of the Kangchon and Anshim construction site. The third grade areas are Seohan and Hwasung high-rise apartments at Beummul-Dong, the Korea Manpower Agency in the Sungseo industrial zone, and the adjacent area of St. Tongil. The only fourth grade area is the commercial zone near Taegu Department Store. 3) It is highly useful to evaluate urban biotope using the evaluation criteria constructed for this research, the evaluation criteria we developed may be difficult to encompass all expert opinion and the period of space-formation is difficult to estimate urban biotopes. In the future, it is necessary to gather the basic data suitable to estimate biotope and it is necessary to develop detailed evaluation criteria applicable to estimate every biotope that has specific property.

• 농촌계획
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to propose section designs for the ecological improvement of streams in rural villages in Korea. According to the survey about ecological conditions of rural streams of 10 selected rural villages (sep., 1996), the streams could be classified into three divisions(upstream, inner village, downstream), and the average width of streams was 9m, and the height of banks 3.1m. The slopes of basin were 7.33%, 2.67%, 1.39% at upstream, inner village, downstream respectively. The survey about the residents' usage of stream and the preferred activities(jun., 1997) showed that the streams were most frequently used for the supply of agricultural water use(39%), for the washing(15%) and for the recreation and rippling(10%), etc.. Three standard designs were presented for upstream, inner village, and downstream, and three standard sections were made by each designs. For the upstream division, it was designed to be used for the recreational activities in summer and the major stream bank materials were base rock and existing boulders with least artificiality. As the streams in the residential area were expected to be frequent access and used by the residents, most facilities for the streamside activity such as waterfront, water holes, shallows, walk were concentrated in this part with some artificiality. The downstream was designed for the agricultural activities such as water supply, space for the preparation of work and some break during the work.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was attempted to establish concepts of environmental-friendly applications of flood plain and to suggest the application plans. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. Roles of flood plain as biotop (restoration, preservation, and creation of stream corridor ecosystem) should be considered. 2. Application methods considering environmental and scenic values should be reviewed. 3. Application methods reflecting values as regional ecological resources should be planned. 4. Preservation and application should be considered together, and obtaining a means of living for regional residents and creation of economic profits should be considered together. 5. Land application and approach method by usages (integrated management model) should be applied to utilize and manage flood plain efficiently. 6. Flood plain application programs should be designed reflecting opinions of regional residents. 7. With respect to space planning of flood plain, introduction of facilities focused on ecosystem preservation/ecosystem restoration/experiences/observation/learning/culture/ recreation/water purification could be reviewed positively.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2014

본 연구는 옥호정과 석파정을 대상으로 두 정원의 특성을 규명하기 위해 조영 배경과 공간구성, 정원구성요소를 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 옥호정과 석파정은 조선 후기 권력가의 정원으로 정치적 기반 및 부의 축적을 통해 당대의 고급 기술과 자본이 투여되어 창출된 정원문화를 현실화할 수 있었다. 또한 단순 상위계층의 정원문화가 투영된 각각의 정원이 아니라 옥호정이 석파정의 조영에 관련 있었음을 조영자 간의 관계분석을 통하여 짐작할 수 있다. 둘째, 옥호정과 석파정의 공간구성은 생활공간을 중심으로 각각의 작은 정원공간이 정자 단위로 분화된 공간 구성으로 분절된 집산적 형태를 나타내고 있다. 정원공간은 정자의 경영을 통하여 해당 지역의 경관에 대한 주제를 부여하였으며, 식재 및 단의 처리로 경계를 설정하고 계절별 경관의 다양화를 통해 단위 공간 내 다양한 원예 요소를 도입하는 등 각 공간에 장소성의 부여가 시도되었다. 셋째, 옥호정의 공간구성을 도식화하고 이를 석파정과 비교분석한 결과, 옥호정의 조영특성 대부분이 석파정에서 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 석파정의 정원이 옥호정의 공간구성기법을 그대로 수용하거나 조성 과정에서 변용되는 등 정원의 구성기법이 반영되었다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 넷째, 조선 후기 화훼에 관한 취미는 단순한 애호의 차원을 넘어 벽의 단계로까지 접어든 경우가 적지 않다. 옥호정과 석파정에서는 당시 진귀하게 여겨지는 기화요초 및 수반, 석상, 괴석, 분재, 석가산, 등나무 시렁 등 다양한 정원소재들이 정원구성요소로서 각 공간에 다양하게 사용되고 있는 공통적인 특징을 보이고 있다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2021

As population concentration, high-rise, and high-density progresses amid rapid industrialization and urbanization in Korea, green areas in the city have decreased significantly and the natural environment has deteriorated day by day due to various development projects. In order to cope with these social changes, many studies related to park and green areas have been conducted, but in the case of Gwangju-si, only studies on green areas such as vegetation structures, street facilities, and recreation forests have been conducted on park green areas. The situation is not losing. Therefore, in this study, a survey was conducted on Gwangju citizens to understand the usage behavior and satisfaction of park green areas, and to provide basic data for future park development and reorganization. As a result, first, to induce a variety of static and dynamic activities in order to increase the park satisfaction of Gwangju citizens, it is possible to create a park that has not been formed as soon as possible, and by planning programs with various themes. Second, it is necessary to expand green space services in marginalized areas by creating water streams, flower pots, and rooftop greening around the lives of Gwangju citizens, and create park green spaces with themes using cultural and historical resources for each administrative district. Third, in order to solve the dry landscape in some urban areas, it is necessary to establish a three-dimensional landscape plan by creating a variety of green areas such as potted plants, green areas, and street trees, and by giving functions of park green areas such as expanding leisure and convenience facilities.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.56-71
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• 2003

Waste landfills have been the center of environmental problems and they must be restored due to environmental pollution, disgusting landscape, and cost of management. It is suggested that they be recycled urban space as cities expand. Specially, nonsanitary waste landfills which have no pollution prevention facilities cause serious problems. Restoring the landfills as parks and golf courses, so on makes more benefits because of cheap use land, closeness to urban area, flat topography applicable to parks and golf courses, and high land values after restoration and the changes to local recreation sites. Restoration of waste landfills is a complex, costly, and interdisciplinary work. But, the waste landfill is a manmade ecosystem. Control, restoration and postmanagement of waste landfills are very important problems. The role of vegetation prevents soil erosion, reduces soil water storage, and obstructs leachate seepage. Early restoration makes derelict lands into man park artificially geared to soil, vegetation, landforms and hydrology. But, Ideal restoration is to make stable ecosystem nature-friendly and compatible with surrounding landscape without more management. Landscape is structured hierarchically with patches and stands as small components and forms forest as large components. Therefore, landscape formation of the waste landfills needs much restoration process. There are many ecological restoration techniques for the waste landfills. Those are divided into artificial and natural methods. The artificial method is anthropogenic plantings while the natural method is to trigger and use succession processes. The most important thing in the restoration of waste landfills is to consider the final restoration objectives of each waste landfill. According to these objectives, the depth of covering layer, planting degree, and structural design should be determined. The effective restoration methods should be selected of artificial and natural options.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.234-252
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• 2023

본고는 일제강점기 덕수궁 공원화 준비 중 자행된 주요 정원의 변형 양상을 살펴보았다. 황궁으로 운용된 궁궐을 대중의 행락공간으로 개방하기 위해 1932년부터 1933년까지 공원의 면모를 갖추기 위한 조경공사가 곳곳에서 이루어졌기 때문이다. 특히 석조전 전정(殿庭), 함녕전 일곽 후원(後園), 즉조당 일곽 후원을 위시한 주요 정원 역시 대대적으로 변형되어 당초와 상이한 모습으로 탈바꿈되었다. 1932년 시행된 제1기 공사 중 석조전 정원에는 수반(水盤)이 설치되어 최초의 수공간(水空間)이 탄생하였다. 석조전 정원에 도입된 수반은 본래 창덕궁 인정전 전정에 소재한 구조물이었다. 1909년 무렵 인정전 전정을 훼손하며 설치된 수반이 덕수궁 공원화 준비 중에 석조전 정원으로 이설되었다. 인정전 구역에서 이설된 수반은 석조전 정원의 중심구역을 수공간으로 변형시킨 요인이었으며, 이후 수반을 대신하여 설치된 분수대가 오늘날까지 전해지고 있다. 함녕전 일곽의 후원 역시 제1기 공사 중에 새로운 모습으로 개조되었다. 본래 함유재와 함녕전 후원에는 화계(花階)로 불리는 계단식 화단이 존재했으며, 덕수궁 대화재 이후 시행된 중건공사에서 다시 정비되었다. 덕수궁 공원화 준비 중 정관헌 전면 공간에는 함유재와 함녕전 후원의 화계를 개조한 3단 축대가 신설되었다. 당시 조성된 축대는 덕수궁 개방 후 관람객에게 볼거리를 제공하기 위한 '모란원(牧丹園)'으로 활용되었고, 오늘날 '정관헌 화계'라는 이름으로 남아 있다. 즉조당 일곽의 후원은 1933년 제2기 공사에서 훼손된 사례이다. 함녕전 일곽의 후원처럼 당초 화계가 도입되었던 즉조당 일곽의 후원은 덕수궁 공원화 준비 중 일본식 정원으로 개조되었다. 화계가 철거된 자리는 별도의 지형 조작과 식재 공사가 병행되면서 축산(築山), 소로(小路), 경석(景石) 중심의 일본식 정원으로 치장되었다. 해방 이후 소소한 변화가 있었지만, 즉조당 일곽 후원의 현재 모습은 여전히 덕수궁 공원화 준비 중 조성된 일본식 정원에 근간을 두고 있다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제89권5호
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• pp.576-584
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• 2000

그린웨이는 도시의 자연녹지들을 연결하는 새로운 개념이다. 본 연구는 대구광역시의 3개 자연녹지 이용객을 대상으로 그린웨이 개발의 가능성을 검토하였다. 설문조사는 1999년 7월과 8월의 2개월간 조사지역을 찾는 방문자 446명을 대상으로 일대일 면접 설문조사를 실시하였다. 조사내용으로는 이용객들이 인지하는 도시자연녹지의 이용행태, 편익과 이용의 문제점, 그리고 그린웨이 개발에 대한 지역주민의 의견 및 그린웨이 개발에 따른 경제적 편익을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 도시자연녹지를 이용객은 남성이 여성보다도 이용율이 높았으며, 교통수단은 승용차 이용이 약 절반을 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 도시자연녹지의 편익에 대하여는 건강과 운동의 장소, 그리고 자연녹지보호에 대하여 높게 평가하였으나, 장애자들의 이용측면에서는 가장 낮은 만족도를 나타내고 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 한편, 도시 자연녹지의 문제점에 있어서는 취수대의 부족, 환경교육/해설에 대한 시설 부족, 등산로의 방향표시부족, 그리고 사전정보의 부족 순으로 나타났다. 그린웨이의 개발에 관한 시민들의 의식조사에서는 그린웨이 개발에 대하여 94.1%가 찬성하는 것으로 나타났으며, 개발후 이용에 관하여는 96.8%가 이용할 것이라 응답하여, 그린웨이 개발이 일반 시민들에게 매우 긍정적으로 받아들여지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그린웨이의 개발에 대한 비용에 있어서도 대부분의 시민들은 세금을 부담하더라도 비용의사를 지니고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이때 평균 지불의사 금액은 방문객 일인당 약 10,200원으로 나타났다. 따라서 시민의 녹지공간의 접근용이성과 필요성에 대한 욕구를 충족시키기 위하여 그린웨이의 체계적인 도입은 매우 중요한 것으로 사료된다.