• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.166-178
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was no investigate serum lipid levels of primary school children and to estimate their intakes of total fat and fatty acids. Subjects fasting blood samples were obtained and analyzed for serum triglycerides(TG), total cholesterol(Chol) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-Chol). Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Chol), LDL-Chol/HDL-Chol ratio(LPH), and atherogenic index(AI) were calculated,. Dietary intake of nutrients was assessed by means of a 24-hour recall method using food models and other measuring tools . The serum levels of TG, Chol and LDL-Chol in girls were higher than those in boys, but the serum HDL-Chol level of girls was lower than that of boys. As the degree of obesity increased, the serum TG level of girls was lower than that of boys. As the degree of oesity increased , the serum TG level of girls increased. The serum LDL-Chol level was higher in obese boys than in normal ones. Percentage s of subjects at risk of cardiovascular disease based on corresponding criteria of TG, Chol,HDL-CHol and LDL-Chol were 25.9%, 7.6%, 20.7% and 10.1%, respectively. The serum TG level of children provided with the national school lunch program(NSLP) was lower than that of children without NLSP. The total fat intake of boys was higher than that of girls, but calorie-adjusted fat intake became similar between the two groups. Intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA) and saturated fatty acids(SFA) were 13.3$\pm$9.5g, 16.1$\pm$9.3g and 21.4$\pm$14.2g in boys, respecitively , and 12.6$\pm$11.3g, 15.3$\pm$9.7g and 19.9$\pm$13.1g in girls, respectively . The ratios of polyunsaturated /monoun-saturated /saturated /saturated fatty acids(P/M/S) in boys and girls were 0.7/0.8/1.0 and 0.8/0.8/1.0 respectively. The ratios of $\omega$6/$\omega$3 fatty acids in boys and girls were found to be 12.1 /1.0 and 8.6/1.0 , respectively. These results indicated the urgent need of nutritional education in primary schools to prevent further increase in childhood obesity and hyperlipidemia . Therefore, this study will contribute to the establishment of dietary guidelines and health recommendation for school children.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.231-242
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of oral health behavior factors to oral health promotion behavior in dental hygiene students and nonhealth-related majors, to identify factors affecting their oral health promotion behavior and ultimately to provide information on the oral health promotion of college students and behavioral factors related to that. Methods : The subjects in this study were three-year-course dental hygiene students and two-year-course nonhealth-related majors in G college located in the city of Gwangju. A self-administered survey was conducted for 11 days from September 9 to 19, 2009, and the answer sheets from 473 respondents were analyzed. To look for connections between their major and the characteristics of their oral health promotion behavior, t-test was utilized, and t-test and one-way ANOVA were carried out to find out the relationship oral health promotion behavior by general characteristics. Besides, multiple regression analysis was employed to grasp factors affecting oral health promotion behavior. Results : Among the subfactors of oral health promotion behavior, the dental hygiene students statistically significantly outdid the nonhealth-related majors in thorough post-meal toothbrushing(p<0.01), toothbrushing method(p<0.001), use of fluorine-containing dentifrice(p<0.001) and good nutrition(p<0.05). But the latter statistically significantly outperformed the former in use of fluorine-containing rinse(p<0.001) and limited sugar intake(0<0.05). Regarding variables affecting oral health promotion behavior, the age group, whether to get a dental checkup over the last year and whether to use oral hygiene supplies were identified as the variables to impact on oral health promotion behavior. Specifically, the age group(dental hygiene students) and the get a dental checkup over the last year(nonhealth-related majors) had a greater impact. Conclusions : To promote the oral health of college students, comprehensive oral health education should be provided, which covers the importance of dental checkup, recommendation for the use of oral hygiene supplies, etc. Specifically, oral health education should be offered as one of general education courses in order for nonhealth-related majors to get into sound life habits and improve their oral health promotion behavior. To make it happen, required institutional measures should be taken.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.1251-1257
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• 1999

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of roasting and extrusion on nutritional value of conventional and low-inhibitor soy beans for nurser-age pigs. In Exp. 1, 100 weaning pigs (7.5 kg average initial BW) were used in a 35-d growth assay to determine the effects of processing method (roasting in a Rast-A-Tron$^{TM}$ raster vs extrusion in an Insta-Pro$^{TM}$ extruder) on the nutritional value of Williams 82 soybeans with (+K) and without (-K) gene expression for the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor. Treatments were 48% soybean meal with added soybean oil, +K roasted, +K extruded, -K roasted and -K extruded. All diets were formulated to contain 3.5 Mcal DE/kg, with 0.92% lysine for d 0 to 14 and 0.76% lysine for d 14 to 35 of the experiment. The lysine concentrations were 80% of NRC (1988) recommendations to accentuate difference in response to protein quality and lysine availability. For d 0 to 14, pigs fed extruded soybeans (+K and -K) had greater ADG (p<0.001), ADFI (p<0.09) and gain/feed (p<0.01) than pigs fed roasted soybeans. For d 14 to 35 and overall, the same effects were noted, i.e., pigs fed extruded soybeans had greater ADG, ADFI and gain/feed than pigs fed roasted soybeans (p<0.03). Also, pigs fed -K soybeans were more efficient (p<0.008) than pigs fed +K soybeans. In Exp. 2, 150 weanling pigs (7.0 kg average initial BW) were used in a 35-d growth assay. All diets were formulated to contain 3.5 Mcal DE/kg, with 1.25% lysine for d 0 to 14 and 1.10% lysine for d 14 to 35 of the experiment. The lysine concentrations were formulated to be in excess of NRC recommendation to determine if differences in nutritional value of the soybean preparations could be detected in protein-adequate diets. For d 0 to 14 (p<0.06), 14 to 35 (p<0.03) and 0 to 35 (p<0.02), pigs fed extruded soybeans had greater ADG and gain/feed than pigs fed roasted soybeans. Apparent digestibilities of DM, N and GE were greater for diets with extruded soybeans than diets with roasted soybeans and diets with soybean meal and soybean oil were intermediate. The response to extrusion processing was greater with -K than +K soybeans, with pigs fed extruded -K soybeans having the greatest growth performance and nutrient digestibilities and lowest skin-fold thickness of any treatment. In conclusion, extrusion yielded a full-fat soy product of greater nutritional value than roasting. Also, selection against genetic expression of the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor improved nutritional value of the resulting soybean preparations.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2017

Purpose - This study focuses on use intention of mobile travel Apps by Chinese tourists visiting Korea based on UTAUT model, ISS model and ITM model. And the corresponding market promotion schemes are proposed for operators of mobile travel Apps by the research results. Research design, data, and methodology - After collecting 326 respondents in China with cross-sectional questionnaires, this study begins the empirical research with users of mobile travel Apps, and analyzes data with IBM SPSS 23.0 and IBM AMOS 23.0. Results - The results of this study include the following aspects: firstly, the System quality and Information quality are accepted for hypotheses of Satisfaction and Performance expectancy. Secondly, the Personal Propensity to Trust and Firm Reputation are accepted for Initial Trust hypothesis, and the hypotheses of Firm Reputation and Initial Trust are accepted for Use Intention. Thirdly, the Performance expectancy, Effort expectancy, Social influence are accepted for Use Intention hypothesis. Conclusions - With the increase of tourists visiting Korea, it can be predicted that the needs visiting Korea will be increased persistently for Chinese - this trend brings about the increase of the Chinese travel. First, information quality greatly influences satisfaction and performance expectancy. The research result shows that, the higher the mobile traveling App's information quality is, the higher the satisfaction and performance expectancy will be. Therefore, operators of mobile traveling App should have in-depth investigations towards users, to know the latter's real demand to the information quality and then provide corresponding services. Second, performance expectancy and effort expectancy greatly influence users' intention. Therefore, mobile traveling App operators should improve Apps' convenience and efficiency and, in doing so, find an effective method for market expansion. Third, social influence greatly affects users' intention. The result shows that mobile traveling App operators should pay attention to the influence of mass media and friends' recommendation on users, thereby it is necessary to improve advertisement activities. Fourth, initial trust also influences users' intention. The result shows that initial trust is a key element inducing users to generate use intention. Therefore, mobile traveling Apps operators should make efforts to catch elements that influence users' initial trust.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.764-773
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• 2008

W3C는 시맨틱 웹 환경에서 온톨로지를 저작하고 공유하기 위해 온톨로지 구축 언어인 OWL을 발표하였다. 현재 OWL 온톨로지의 논리적 정당성을 검사하기 위해서, OWL 추론 엔진들이 소개되고 있다. 그러나 대부분의 추론 엔진들은 정당하지 못한 개념의 탐지 과정 없이 결과만을 보여준다. 본 논문에서는 온톨로지내의 정당하지 못한 개념을 디버깅하기 위해 종속 부호 기반 비논리적 공리(CIA-Causing Inconsistency Axiom) 탐색 기법을 제안한다. 비논리적 공리는 정당하지 못한 개념들을 유발하는 공리들의 집합이다. 비논리적 공리를 탐지하기 위해서는 온톨로지 내에서 비 일관성을 유발하는 공리를 찾아내야 한다. 온톨로지 저작 도구에 정확한 비논리적 공리가 제공된다면, 온톨로지 저작 도구는 온톨로지 내에서의 정당하지 못한 내용을 수정할 수 있도록 수정될 일부 내용만을 보여줄 것이다. 따라서 본 논문은 두 부분에 초점을 맞추었다. 첫 번째, 정당하지 못한 내용을 가진 온톨로지가 주어졌을 때 비 정당성을 유발하는 공리들을 도출하고, 이들의 근원을 식별한다. 두 번째 비 정당성을 유발하는 공리가 탐지되었을 때 이들만을 추출하여, 온톨로지 설계자에게 보여주는 것이다. 따라서 먼저 기존에 발표되었던 테이블로 알고리즘 기반의 결정 모듈을 소개하고, 이보다 향상된 기법인 종속 부호 기반 비논리적 공리 탐지 기법을 제안한다. 본 논문의 결과물은 현재 온톨로지 언어의 기본이 되는 SHOIN 서술 논리 응용시스템에 적용가능하다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2017

부유식 구조물의 계류선의 설계는 강도뿐만 아니라 피로수명 측면에서도 검토가 반드시 요구된다. 일반적으로 계류선의 피로 설계에는 동적 응력을 야기하는 하중이 지배적인 영향을 미치게 된다. 즉, 파랑이 주요 설계 하중으로 고려가 된다. 본 연구에서는 불규칙 파랑에 대한 해중 터널 계류선의 피로 손상 특성에 대해 분석한다. 시간 이력 유체-구조 동역학 해석을 통해 특정 환경 하중에 대한 해중터널의 동적 운동 및 계류선에 발생하는 장력과 응력을 계산하고, Rainflow 집계법 및 Palmgren-Miner의 법칙 그리고 DNV 기준에서 제시하는 해양구조물 설계를 위한 S-N 곡선을 고려하여 단기 피로 손상을 추정한다. 해중 터널의 계류 형식과 유사한 계류 형식을 갖는 인장각 플랫폼의 텐던 설계를 참고하여 100년 재현 주기 파랑이 48시간 지속되는 조건을 가정하여 이 환경 하중에 의한 피로 손상도를 추정한다. 본 해석 절차를 따르며, 함체의 흘수와 계류선의 간격 및 초기 기울임 각도가 피로 손상도에 미치는 영향을 분석한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.52-61
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• 2012

텍스트 시각화는 데이터 시각화의 한 분야로, 방대한 텍스트 데이터에 대한 다양한 분석 기법을 바탕으로 텍스트의 내용적 측면은 물론 구조적, 형식적 측면을 시각적으로 재현(represent)해내는 방법에 관한 연구이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 텍스트 시각화 연구의 일환으로, 서적이 갖는 장르적 특성을 서적 본문에 직접 사용된 단어들을 바탕으로 파악해낼 수 있는 방법에 대해 고찰하고, 실험을 통한 검증을 바탕으로 서적 장르 시각화의 요소를 도출한 후, 이를 직관적이고 효율적으로 시각화하는 방법에 대해 서술하였다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 시각화는 첫째, 책에 직접 사용된 단어를 토대로 책의 실질적 장르를 파악할 수 있으며, 둘째, 시각화 결과 이미지를 통해 해당 서적이 어떤 장르와 가장 가까운지 한 눈에 파악할 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 한 책이 갖는 복합 장르적 특성을 알 수 있도록 해주고, 이미지 내의 점(dot)의 개수와 곡선의 곡률, 밝기 등을 통해 대표 장르로 파악된 장르의 근접도(유사도)를 짐작할 수 있다는 점에서 그 의의를 갖는다. 나아가 개별 소비자 자신이 선호하는 서적들에 대한 적용을 통해 개인별 선호 서적(또는 장르) 이미지를 제공하는 등 서적 추천 시스템과 같은 북 커스터마이징(book customizing)과 같은 분야에도 다양하게 활용될 수 있다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2015

Purpose - Augmented reality (AR) content used in mobile media today can accommodate a wide variety of contextual information. This indicates that making people experience a sense of presence and flow is a very significant factor in augmented reality content. Flow represents a rich immersion potential as representing the progress of emotion and the means to facilitate the operation of the smart phone. Therefore, users will have friendly relational continuance behavior with products and brands that supply this experience. Based on that, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among smart phone AR application traits, presence, flow experience, and relational continuance behavior. First, AR application traits are defined as three categories sensory immersion, navigation, and manipulation, based on preceding studies. This study then examines the influence of AR application traits on the presence and flow experience and looks into the relation among presence, flow experience, and relational continuance behavior. This analysis suggests more detailed and concentrated strategic implications. Research design, data, and methodology - A research model is designed to examine the relation among AR application traits, presence, flow experience, and relational continued behavior. For data collection, questionnaire surveys were composed of multi-items for each component and the direct interview method was used for the interviews. To collect the data, after running the smart phone AR applications, the consumer behaviors of the respondents were generally determined. The questionnaire surveys were conducted for one month, October 2014. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed with 278 questionnaires used for analysis, excluding the unanswered and insincere questionnaires. The data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 20.0 and LISREL ver. 8.51. Results - The following results are found: First, AR application traits have a significantly positive effect on presence with sensory immersion, navigation, and manipulation all having a significantly positive effect. Second, sensory immersion and manipulation among the AR application traits have a significantly positive effect on flow. However, navigation did not have a significantly positive effect on flow. Third, presence has a significantly positive effect on flow and has a significantly positive effect on relational continuance behavior. Moreover, flow also has a significantly positive effect on relational continuance behavior. This behavior tends to be formed since brands want to encourage relational continuance behavior and positive emotions with the brands being used. Relational continuance behavior accompanies repeat purchasing, positive word-of-mouth and recommendation activities, and forms of trust with the brand. Conclusions - The research results showed that smart phone AR traits had significantly positive effect on presence, flow, and relational continuance behavior. Based on this, smart phone AR application providers should establish an aggressive marketing strategy to accommodate more realistic problems in order to positively influence user behavior. Additionally, the marketers should make efforts to provide fun or convenience in the AR application operation process of the user.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.137-140
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• 1974

개간지(開墾地)에 대(對)한 영농상태(營農狀態) 토양조건(土壤條件) 생산성등(生産性等)을 파악(把握)하기 위(爲)하여 전국(全國) 개간지(開墾地)를 대상(對象)으로 현황조사(現況調査)를 실시(實施)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 개간(開墾)에 참여(參與)한 농가(農家)는 1ha미만(未滿)의 기경지(旣耕地)를 소유(所有)하고 있는 영세농(零細農)이 42.6%중농(中農)이 46.3%, 그리고 대농(大農)(3ha이상)이 11.1%였다. 2. 개간지(開墾地)의 토지이용(土地利用)은 개간년차(開墾年次) 따라 차이(差異)가 심(甚)하나 전작(田作) 28.6%, 과수(果樹) 11.7%, 상전(桑田) 33.8 그리고 초지(草地)가 25.9%였으며 최근(最近)에 와서 상전(桑田)은 점차(漸次) 감소(減少)하는데 반(反)하여 초지(草地)는 급진적(急進的)으로 증가(增加)하고 있다. 3. 개간지(開墾地)의 토양경사(土壤傾斜)는 15% 미만(未滿)이 68.7%이었으며 경사(傾斜)가 심(甚)한 곳에서는 계단식(階段式) 개간(開墾)을 경사(傾斜)가 낮은 곳에서는 원지형개간(原地形開墾)을 실시(實施)하고 있었다. 4. 개간지(開墾地)의 화학적성분(化學的成分) 함량(含量)을 극(極)히 낮으며 인산(燐酸)을 제외(除外)하고는 개간후(開墾後) 10년(年)이 경과(經過)되어도 숙전(熟田)에 비(比)하여 매우 미달(未達)하고 있었다. 5. 개간지(開墾地)에 시용(施用)하는 삼요소(三要素) 시비량(施肥量)은 추천시(推薦施) 비량(肥量)에 비(比)하여 매우 적다. 6. 개간지(開墾地)의 수량(收量)은 콩을 제외(除外)하고는 개간후(開墾後) 10년(年)이 경과(經過)하여도 전국(全國) 평균수량(平均收量)에 비(比)하여 30~86%에 지나지 않았다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.139-150
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• 2003

The objective of this study consists in promoting seafood consumption by increasing its intake opportunities for children through analysis of seafood using frequency in the elementary school lunch program. For that purpose, randomly sampled out from elementary schools through the county were 155 dietitians and 5th grade 3581 children, on whom a mail survey was conducted to analyse their seafood using frequency, and preference, and lunch menu by seasons. Results of this study are as follows : The seafood using frequency of the respondents represented the highest value in one or two times a week, while obstacles in seafood use presented high values in the safety of food by 71.6% and children preference by 68.4%. The seafood intake frequency of the respondents showed the highest value in three or four times a week by 34.5% and the places of seafood intake indicated the highest response in the home by 43.5% and then school lunch and dining out. The dietitians responded that children for the most part had not a preference for seafood, whereas the children pointed out average by 46.2%. As for reasons for avoidance of seafood, the dietitians expressed the highest response in it depends cooking methods by 45.8%, while the children because of its peculiar taste and smell by 42.1%. Their required improvement showed the highest response in the taste improvement by 51.8%. The children most preference for seafood that dietitians thought included fried Alaska pollack and shrimp cutlet, while dislikes braised mackerels and seasoned cold jelly fish. Cooking methods frequently used were represented in order of soup, hot soup, and stew, and the children's preferred cooking method was from fried food. Above results suggested that the intention to increase seafood using frequency is needed to at the time of planning the menus so that more seafood-providing opportunities can be given. The development of cooking methods is urgently needed that can change the taste or the smell of seafood, and concurrently with this conveniences be taken into account in eating such as elimination of bones, etc. as early as the states of purchase or checking of seafood. The reflection of the preferred cooking methods is thought to contribute to the enhancement of satisfaction with the seafood as well as to the reduction of food remnants. The recommendation of intake of low preference but nutritionally good seafood is required to be expanded in nutrition education.