• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.473-482
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• 2017

Hand gesture recognition is regarded as new Human Computer Interaction (HCI) technologies for the next generation of mobile devices. Previous hand gesture implementation requires a large memory and computation power for hand segmentation, which fails to give real-time interaction with mobile devices to users. Therefore, in this paper, we presents a low latency and memory-efficient hand segmentation architecture for natural hand gesture recognition. To obtain both high memory-efficiency and low latency, we propose a streaming hand contour tracing unit and a fast contour filling unit. As a result, it achieves 7.14 ms latency with only 34.8 KB on-chip memory, which are 1.65 times less latency and 1.68 times less on-chip memory, respectively, compare to the best-in-class.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.28B no.10
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• pp.747-754
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• 1991

In this paper, we studies the on-line recognition of handwritten character using WLD(weighted levenshtein distance) algorithm with parallelism. The Hangeul can be separated for unit of phonemes and the alphanumeric can be separated for unit of characters. And, we studies the parallelism and the concurrency of the WLD algorithm for realization of special-purpose processor. By the simulation result for 10, 000 characters in practical sentences, the recognition rate of strokes in obtained 96.57$\%$ and the separation rate for phonemes and characteristics is obtained 95.4$\%$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.85-98
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• 2008

Though the investigation of the suggested references proverbs related weather were collected and considered the probability of the usage on science instruction. The results are as follows. 130 proverbs related to weather were collected through the investigation of the suggested references. Most of weather proverbs are based on the states of sky, clouds, wind, precipitation, actions of animal, states of plants and the condition of people in daily life. they were classified according to weather types, natural phenomena and seasons. According to the results of analysing the students' recognition and interests on weather proverbs, most of students heard weather proverbs in their elementary school years firstly through their parents, books, and teachers. However they have only heard a few. Also many students also tend to think weather proverbs have a scientific base because weather proverbs have been told by many people through the ancient time and correspond to their personal experiences. Students responded that weather proverbs are useful for science learning on weather and can teach heritage and wisdom. After reading the suggested weather proverbs, their interests on weather proverbs were increased more than before reading. This is one of reasons why weather proverbs can be introduced to science classes. Weather proverbs were considered related to science curriculum. The third grade has a Unit "Fine days and Cloudy days", the fifth grade, "Unit of Weather Change", the Sixth grade, "Unit of Weather Forecast" , the Ninth grade, "Unit of Water cycle and Weather Change" and the tenth grade has "Unit of Earth". So the author consider that weather proverb materials can be used so effectively to bring about interest and motive in science learning.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.35-46
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• 2006

This study investigated whether there are differences between Korean-English bilingual and Korean monolingual children on phonological awareness skills. Participants were 11 Korean-English bilingual children and 12 Korean monolingual children. The children's ages ranged between 6 and 7 years. The results were as follows. First, the bilingual children significantly outperformed monolingual children on overall phonological awareness tasks. The bilinguals performed significantly higher than monolinguals on all three types of phonological awareness tasks (segmentation, deletion, and blending). Second, there was a significant difference between the groups with respect to phonological units of the tasks. The bilinguals performed significantly better than monolinguals on the phonemic unit tasks, but two groups did not differ significantly on syllabic unit tasks. There was an interaction effect between unit size(syllables and phonemes) and group (bilinguals and monolinguals). Third, there were correlations for both bilingual and monolingual children between overall phonological awareness skills and word recognition skills.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.5-11
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• 1996

In this study, the method of speaker adaptation for uttered sentence using syllable unit hmm is proposed. Segmentation of syllable unit for sentence is performed automatically by concatenation of syllable unit hmm and viterbi segmentation. Speaker adaptation is performed using MAPE(Maximum A Posteriori Probabillity Estimation) which can adapt any small amount of adaptation speech data and add one sequentially. For newspaper editorial continuous speech, the recognition rates of adaptation of HMM was 71.8% which is approximately 37% improvement over that of unadapted HMM

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.14-23
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• 1994

In this paper, speech units appropriate for recognition of Korean language have been studied. For better speech recognition, co-articulatory effects within an utterance should be considered in the selection of a recognition unit. One way to model such effects is to use larger units of speech. It has been found that diphone is a good recognition unit because it can model transitional legions explicitly. When diphone is used, stationary phoneme models may be inserted between diphones. Computer simulation for isolated word recognition was done with 7 word database spoken by seven male speakers. Best performance was obtained when transition regions between phonemes were modeled by two-state HMM's and stationary phoneme regions by one-state HMM's excluding /b/, /d/, and /g/. By merging rarely occurring diphone units, the recognition rate was increased from $93.98\%$ to $96.29\%$. In addition, a local interpolation technique was used to smooth a poorly-modeled HMM with a well-trained HMM. With this technique we could get the recognition rate of $97.22\%$ after merging some diphone units.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.1625-1631
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• 2005

This paper describes an optimization of a language model and an acoustic model that improve the ability of speech recognition with Korean nit digit. Recognition errors of the language model are decreasing by analysis of the grammatical feature of korean unit digits, and then is made up of fsn-node with a disyllable. Acoustic model make use of demi-syllable pair to decrease recognition errors by inaccuracy division of a phone, a syllable because of a monosyllable, a short pronunciation and an articulation. we have used the k-means clustering algorithm with the transformed successive state splining in feature level for the efficient modelling of the feature of recognition unit . As a result of experimentations, $10.5\%$ recognition rate is raised in the case of the proposed language model. The demi-syllable pair with an acoustic model increased $12.5\%$ recognition rate and $1.5\%$ recognition rate is improved in transformed successive state splitting.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.123-132
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• 2001

In recent years research on HCI technology has been very active and speech recognition is being used as its typical method. Its recognition, however, is deteriorated with the increase of surrounding noise. To solve this problem, studies concerning the multimodal HCI are being briskly made. This paper describes automated lipreading for bimodal speech recognition on the basis of image- and speech information. It employs audio-visual DB containing 1,074 words from 70 voice and tri-viseme as a recognition unit, and state tied HMM as a recognition model. Performance of automated recognition of 22 to 1,000 words are evaluated to achieve word recognition of 60.5% in terms of 22word recognizer.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.195-215
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• 2015

Recently, as the number of smart-phone users has been rapidly increased, enterprise managers have a keen interest in business application of social media. Most previous studies have focused on perspective of the individual unit of analysis instead of enterprise level unit. The study is focused on the relationship between the enterprises' recognition and behavioral intention (and use) about social media application. The purpose of this study is to develop the model of small and medium enterprises' social media application, and to find the factors affecting their behavioral intention or use behavior. The moderating effects of four corporate characteristics on the relationship between the enterprises' recognition and behavioral intention are also examined. We surveyed 900 corporate staffs and received 203 responses. After questionnaires with unreliable responses had been excluded, 182 effective samples were used in the final analysis. The findings suggest that Performance Expectation, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions significantly affect Behavioral Intention of social medea, and Behavioral Intention affects USE. Furthermore, some corporate characteristics have moderating effect on the relationship between recognition of social media and Behavioral Intention.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.35C no.11
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• pp.63-75
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• 1998

Since many co-articulation problems are occurring in continuous spoken Korean language, several researches use words as a basic recognition unit. Though the word unit can solve this problem, it requires much memory and has difficulty fitting an input speech in a word list. In this paper, we propose an hidden Markov model(HMM) based recognition model that is an interconnection network of word HMMs for a syntax of sentences. To match suitably the input sentence into the continuous word list in the network, we use a level building search algorithm. This system represents the large sentence set with a relatively small memory and also has good extensibility. The experimental result of an airplane reservation system shows that it is proper method for a practical recognition system.