• 제목/요약/키워드: Recirculating water system

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고정화 미생물을 이용한 공기 부상식 생물반응기에 의한 순환 여과식 양어장의 순환수 처리 (Treatment of Recirculating Aquacultural Water by an Airlift Bioreactor Containing Immobilized Microorganisms)

  • 서근학;김병진;김성구
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제36권6호
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    • pp.661-668
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    • 2003
  • Performance of an airlift bioreactor (ABR) containing the immobilized microorganisms was evaluated in an integrated pilot scale recirculating aquaculture system stocked with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at an initial rearing density of $5\%$ and compared to a rotating biological contactor (RBC) for 40 days. The TAN concentration of rearing tank for ABR and RBC were maintained at $0.4\;g/m^3$ and $0.5\;g/m^3,$ respectively, The nitrite nitrogen was completely removed by the ABR. The ABR's aeration was more stable than the RBC's. On the whole, the feasibility of ABR as an aquacultural water treatment unit was recognized.

Biofilm Processes for Volume Decrease in Recirculating Water Treatment Systems for Aquaculture

  • Kim Jeong-Sook;Yoon Gil-Ha;Ghim See-Jun;Kang Lim-Seok;Lee Byung-Hun
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.242-249
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    • 1998
  • The engineering aspect of water treatment processes in the recirculating aquaculture system was studied. To recycle the water in the aquaculture system, a wastewater treatment process was required to maintain high water quality for the growth and health of the cultured fish. In this study, three different biofilm processes were used to reduce the concentration of organic matters and ammonia from the recirculating water - two phase fluidized bed, three phase fluidized bed, and trickling filter. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the optimum treatment conditions of the biofilm processes for the recirculating aquaculture system, and thereby reduce the volume of biofilm processes, which are commonly used for the recycle water treatment processes for aquaculture. The result of this study showed that the removal efficiency of organic matters by trickling filter was found to be lower than that of the fluidized bed. In the trickling filter system, anthracite showed better organic removal efficiency than crushed stone as a media. In the two phase fluidized bed, the maximum removal efficiency of either organics or ammonia was obtained when both the packing rate of media was maintained to $40\%$ of total reactor depth excepting sediment zone and the bed expansion rate was maintained to $100\%$. When 100 tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) of each average 200g was reared, the pollutant production rate was 0.07g $NH_4\;^+-N/kg$ fish/day and 0.06g P04-3-P/kg fish/day, and sludge production rate was 0.39 g SS/kg fish/day. In the two phase and three phase fluidized bed, the volume of water treatment tank could be calculated from an empirical equation by using the relationship between the influent COD to $NH_4\;^+-N$ ratio (C/N, -), media concentration (Cm, g/L), influent ammonia nitrogen concentration (Ni, mg/L), effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration (Ne, mg/L), bed expansion rate $(E,\;\%)$, and influent flowrate $(Q,\;m^3/hr)$. The empirical equation from this study is $$V_2\;=\;10^{3.1279}\;C/N^{3.5461}\;C_m\;^{-3.7473}\;N_i\;^{4.6477}\;E^{0.0326}\;N_e\;^{-0..8849}\;Q\;(Two\;Phase\;FB) V_3\;=\;10^{11.7507}\;C/N^{-1.2330}\;C_m\;^{-6.5715}\;N_i\;^{1.5091}\;N_e\;^{-1.8489}\;Q (Three\;Phase\;FB)$$

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순환 Green Water 사육장치 내에서의 어류의 성장실험 (Fish Growth Experiment in a Green water Recirculating System)

  • 김인배;이숙희
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.233-238
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    • 1981
  • 1981년 여름 여과조가 없는 순환사육장치를 설치 이용하여 잉어의 고밀도 실험 사육을 시행하였다. 평균 0.6g까리 잉어 치어 약 10,000미,20,000미,30,000미를 약 $7m^2$되는 3게의 사육 탱크에 각각 수용하여 평균 수온 $25^{\circ}C$ 전후에서 실험 사육한 결과10,000이 군에서는 1일 개체성장률 $3.7\%$였고 20,000미, 30,000미군에서는 각각 $2.8\%$$3.1\%$로 이들 사이에는 거의 차이가 없었다. 이번 사육 기간동안 대부분의 시기는 식물성 Plankton의 발생에 의하여 수색이 짙은 녹색으로 유지되었다. 특히, 본 보험 기간동안 $5{\sim}7ppm$ 정도의 높은 총 암모니아 농도에도 불구하고 모두 활발히 사료를 먹으면서 성장을 했다. 그리고, Green water 내에서는 밝은 물에 비해서 Columnaris병의 발병이 현저하게 억제됨을 알 수 있었다. 또, 이 시기중의 다른 1개의 탱크($7m^2$)에서 1981년 8월 19일부터 9월 27일까지 평균 352.2g 되는 잉어 446미를 수용하여 40일간 사육한 결과 평균486.3g으로 자랐고, 1일 평균 개체 성장률은 $0.8\%$로 나타났다. 이것은 대조로 실험한 밝은 물에서의 1일 성장률 $1.0\%$에 비해서 다소 성장이 지연된 결과였다. 따라서, 이 장치에서 산업적으로 생산을 하기 전에 종 더 암모니아양 및 Columnaris 병 등의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 실험적 연구가 요망된다고 느껴진다.

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The Need of Biofilter for Ammonia Removal in Recirculating Aquaculture System

  • Harwanto, Dicky;Jo, Jae-Yoon
    • 한국해양바이오학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.1-5
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    • 2010
  • With the world's population increase, demands of fish production increased rapidly. Because of the demand increase, methods of aquaculture also become more intense. With the increasing intensity of aquaculture, more metabolites in the system are accumulated. The metabolites accumulated in the system turn to the causatives of water quality deterioration and become limiting factors for fish growth. Due to the toxicity of ammonia, ammonia removal is needed in aquaculture system. Biofilters, often referred as biological filter or nitrification filter are commonly used in recirculating aquaculture system to remove ammonia and convert it to nitrite, and then to nitrate.

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삼상 유동층 반응조를 이용한 해수 순환 여과 시설의 수처리 (Water Treatment of Seawater Recirculating Aquaculture System by Using Three Phase Fluidized Bed Reactor)

  • 이병헌;최혁;류종수
    • 한국양식학회지
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.137-145
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    • 2000
  • 삼상 유동층 반응조의 수처리 효율을 검토하기 위해 해수 순환여과 시설을 운전하였다. 수처리 시스템은 유동층 반응조, 카트리지 필터, 오존접촉조로 구성되어 있고, 전체 운전기간동안 사육조내 수질인자별 평균농도는 각각 COD 9mg/L, 총암모니아(TAN) 0.22mg/L, 아질산성 질소 0.05mg/L, 질산성 질소 20mg/L, 탁도 3.64 NTU, SS 9.5mg/L, pH 7.6, 알칼리도 70mg/L 등으로 나타나 양호한 수질조건을 유지할 수 있었다. 유동층 반응조의 TAN 부하량 범위는 4.3~32.9 g/$m^3$/day였고, 평균 제거율은 20 g/$m^3$/day으로 나타났다. 각 반응조의 TAN 제거율은 47~60%로 나타나 해수에서도 효과적인 암모니아 제거 특성을 나타내었다. 또한 유출수의 비이온성 암모니아 농도는 0.002 mg/L이하로 유지 할 수 있었다

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반순환여과양식시스템에서 오존 유래 잔류산화물이 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus) 사육수의 수질과 미생물에 미치는 영향 (Ozone-produced Oxidants Improve Water Quality Parameters and Microbial Colony Counts in the Semi-Recirculating Aquaculture System for Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus)

  • 정상명;박우근;박성덕;박정환;김재원;김병기
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제54권5호
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    • pp.751-760
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    • 2021
  • This study investigated the changes in water quality parameters and microbial colonies when ozone was applied to a semi-recirculating aquaculture system (semi-RAS) for the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (500 g in average weight). Concentrations of ozone-produced oxidants (OPO) in rearing tanks were maintained at 0, 0.014, 0.025 mg/L as Cl2 for 26 days. Except total ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and total suspended solids decreased significantly with increasing OPO concentration in daily and weekly monitoring (P<0.05). Colony forming unit (CFU) counts of heterotrophic marine bacteria decreased in an OPO concentration-dependent manner. Overall reduction rates of microbial colonies in the treatments were 80% higher than those of the control (P<0.05). During the experiment, the OPO concentration-driven ozonation was reliably practiced without any adverse effects on the animals cultured in semi-RAS. Considering the biohazard, operating cost, and stability of ozonation, an OPO concentration of 0.014 mg/L would be sufficient to control water quality parameters and microbial colonies in a semi-RAS.

순환여과 양식시스템 내 무지개송어(Oncorhynchus mykiss)의 적정 용존산소 농도평가 (Evaluation of the optimal dissolved oxygen level for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the recirculating aquaculture system)

  • 박근홍;최진서;이영훈;박정환
    • 수산해양기술연구
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    • 제59권4호
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    • pp.387-398
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    • 2023
  • Conventional aquaculture faces declining productivity, shifting to recirculating aquaculture system (RAS), known for minimizing water usage and maintaining consistent water temperatures for year-round fish growth. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a globally important cold-water species and the third most farmed fish in inland waters of Korea, valued for its fecundity and rapid growth. Dissolved oxygen, an important environmental factor affecting fish production and economics, highlights the need for smart aquaculture practices. Since 2018, the rise of intelligent aquaculture platforms, incorporating information and communications technology (ICT), emphasizes the essential role of RAS implementation. This eight-week study aimed to determine the optimal dissolved oxygen concentration for rainbow trout in RAS, utilizing a device for continuous monitoring, control and record. Dissolved oxygen concentrations were set at 5-6 mg/L, 9-10 mg/L, 14-15 mg/L and 17-18 mg/L. The growth rate significantly decreased at 5-6 mg/L, with no significant differences in other experimental groups. In hematological analysis, growth hormone (GH) was significantly highest at 5-6 mg/L, followed by 9-10 mg/L while Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was significantly lowest at 5-6 mg/L. In conclusion, the optimal dissolved oxygen concentration for rainbow trout in RAS is approximately 9-10 mg/L. Higher concentrations do not contribute to further growth or profitability.

Floating Bead Filter에 의한 순환여과식 양식장의 부유고형물 제거와 질산화 (Removal of Suspended Solids and Nitrification by Floating Bead Filter in Recirculating Aquaculture System)

  • 김병진;김성구;서근학
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제36권2호
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    • pp.163-169
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    • 2003
  • The floating bead filter was tested for treatment of aquacultural water in a pilot-scale recirculating aquaculture system. Performance of floating bead filter on the removal of total suspended solids (TSS) and the treatment of nitrogen sourer such as total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were evaluated. The system was stocked with Nile tilapia at an initial rearing densities of $5\%\;and\;7\%$ over 30 days. The average TSS removal rates were $43.0\;g/m^2{\cdot}day\;and\;39.5\;g/m^2{\cdot}day$ for rearing density of $5\%\;and\;7\%$, respectively. As rearing density increased from $5\%\;to\;7\%$. the TAN removal efficiency decreased from $22.0\%\;to\;17.7\%$. At the rearing densities of $5\%\;and\;7\%$, the average TAN removal rates and removal efficiencies were $38.8\;g/m^2{\cdot}day,\;15.6\%\;and\;37.8\;g/m^2{\cdot}day.\;17.7\%,$ respectively. The average TAN removal rate was $37.8-38.8\;g/m^3{\cdot}day.$ The oxygen consumption by floating bead filter was higher than theoretical oxygen consumption rate by nitrification.

Influence of oxytetracycline on the fate of Nitrogen species in a recirculating aquaculture system

  • Medriano, Carl A.D.;Yoon, Hyojik;Chandran, Kartik;Khanal, Samir.K.;Lee, Jaewoo;Cho, Yunchul;Kim, Sungpyo
    • Membrane and Water Treatment
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.123-128
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    • 2018
  • Common aquaculture practices include the use of certain pharmaceuticals such as antibiotics in avoiding diseases and promoting a healthier growth of the culture. The aim of this study is to monitor and assess the influence of different low oxytetracycline concentrations on the transformation of nitrogen compounds under aeration condition in a lab-scale recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). Over $1mg\;L^{-1}$ dose of oxytetracycline to aquaculture had induced ammonia($NH_4-N$), nitrate($NO_3-N$), soluble COD accumulation in RAS. In addition, nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) emission from RAS was significantly reduced during the oxytetracycline dose periods. After ceasing the dose of oxytetracycline, ammonia oxidation and nitrous oxide re-emission were observed. This observation indicated that low concentrations of oxytetracycline could affect the nitrogen species in RAS. Also, the emission mechanisms of $N_2O$ may not be only dependent on nitrification process but also dependent on denitrification process in our RAS system.

코로나 방전-플라즈마 처리수의 틸라피아 순환여과양식시스템 수질 개선 효과 (Improvement of Water Quality by Corona Discharge Plasma-activated Water in a Tilapia Recirculating Aquaculture System)

  • 유진호;문성희;오현지;박태섭;권준영
    • 한국해양생명과학회지
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.51-57
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    • 2020
  • 순환여과양식시스템(RAS)은 사육수를 여과하여 재사용하며 고밀도로 사육하는 양식 방법으로 수질관리 및 소독이 매우 중요하다. 병원체로 인한 질병 발생을 예방하고 수질 개선에 도움을 주기 위하여 최근 코로나 방전 플라즈마 처리수(plasma water, PW)를 이용한 사육수 소독법이 제안되었다. 본 연구에서는 플라즈마 발생장치를 설치한 순환여과시스템(처리구, PW system)과 설치하지 않은 순환여과시스템(대조구, No PW system)에서 40일 동안 틸라피아를 사육하면서 수질 변화 및 어체의 성장을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 10일 마다 물을 채수하여 UV 투과율과 일반 세균 수 변화를 측정하였고 틸라피아의 성장지표, 생존율 및 조직학적인 차이를 분석하였다. UV 투과율 실험 결과 처리구와 대조구는 실험 시작 시에(0일) 각각 74.1%, 74.8%를 나타냈으며, 40일째에 처리구는 91.8%로 증가한 반면 대조구는 65.2%로 감소하여 수중 유기물 감소 효과를 확인하였다. 일반 세균 수는 40일에 이르러 처리구(101.69 CFU/ml)에서 대조구(103.25 CFU/ml) 보다 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 틸라피아 성장차이 조사 결과 처리구는 대조구에 비해 총 증중량이 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.05), 다른 성장지표도 처리구가 상대적으로 높았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 아니었다(p>0.05). 또한 처리구는 100%의 생존율을 보였으며, 조직학적으로 대조구와 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 플라즈마 처리수는 순환여과양식시스템 내 어류의 성장과 건강에 해를 끼치지 않고 수질 개선에도 효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 현장 적용 시에는 탈기수조의 설치 등 주의사항을 충분히 고려하여야 할 것이다.