• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

This paper deals with a balanced model reduction for T-S(Takagi-Sugeno) fuzzy systems with time varying state delay. We define a generalized controllability gramian and a generalized observability gramian for a stable T-S fuzzy delayed systems. We obtain a balanced state space realization using the generalized controllability and observability gramian and obtain a reduced model by truncating states from the balanced state space realization. We also present an upper bound of the approximation error. The generalized controllability gramian and observability gramian can be computed from solutions of linear matrix inequalities. We demonstrate the efficacy of the suggested method by illustrating a numerical example.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2011

This experimental study has a goal to explore the perceptual sensitivity to phonetic evidence such as duration, phrase accent, or pause in disambiguation. We argue that the realization of the intonational phrasal boundary at the meaningful grammatical boundary in structurally ambiguous sentences facilitates English native listeners to distinguish the meanings of the ambiguous sentences. Moreover, the duration of the phrase-final syllable, pitch range reset, or phrasal tones also provides listeners with important phonetic evidence in disambiguation. In our perception experiment, however, Korean English learners largely depend on the realization of pause. In the results from the perception experiment, all of the groups showed an increase in the response time from the perception of no pause to pause realization. This means that pause at the phonological phrasal boundary plays a role of facilitator to English native speakers with other prosodic cues such as duration, pitch accent, or phrasal tones, while an absolutely important cue to Korean English learners.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.3-6
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• 2009

This research is an experiment to examine on the realization of Natural Color using R, G, B LEDs and this experiment was performed to cover two different stages. 1) When Natural Color using R, G, B LEDs was realized without correction in first stage, all color(R, G, B, C, M, Y) series had highly range of error from 0.0200 to 0.1500. 2) When R, G, B of LEDs was mixed at the ratio of 1:4.5907:0.0601 for realization of white in second stage, white was not realized to excitation purity. The second stage was Performed based on the three primary colors theory found out by Thomas Young in England and Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz in Germany.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제49호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2004

Although Standard Korean is based on Seoul Korean, the phonetic realization of syllable codas in Seoul Korean has not been satisfactorily investigated. This paper aims to study how Seoul speakers pronounce syllable codas in certain phonetic contexts and what pronunciation they prefer among variants. It is noted that the realization of a syllable coda is different word by word and generation by generation. It is also noted that the syllable coda of a word is realized differently depending on the following vowel. And we discussed how the Principles of Standard Korean Pronunciation should be revised in the future, based on the results of this study.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.533-536
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• 1999

We consider digital implementation problems of continuous-time controllers. In general, digital controllers use fixed point representation of number and of finite word length(FWL). Under these conditions, this paper investigates the closed-loop stability caused by three design constraints; (i) finite precision representation of the controller parameters, (ii) realization forms such as direct form, cascade form, and parallel form, and (iii) sampling time. We calculate the coefficient stability margins of both predesigned controllers and controller to be implemented. This method can be applied to determine the word length, realization structure, and sampling time so that remains the stability.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 1999

In discrete-time controlled system, sampling time is one of the critical parameters for control performance. It is useful to employ different sampling rates into the system considering the feasibility of measuring system or actuating system. The systems with the different sampling rates in their input and output channels are named multirate system. Even though the original continuous-time system is time-invariant, it is realized as time-varying state equation depending on multirate sampling mechanism. By means of the augmentation of the inputs and the outputs over one Period, the time-varying system equation can be constructed into the time-invariant equation. In this paper, an alternative time-invariant model is proposed, the design method and the stability of the LQG (Linear Quadratic Gaussian) control scheme for the realization are presented. The realization is flexible to construct to the sampling rate variations, the closed-loop system is shown to be asymptotically stable even in the inter-sampling intervals and it has smaller computation in on-line control loop than the previous time-invariant realizations.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -2
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• pp.852-855
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• 2002

This paper presents a design of FIR near-equiripple Nyquist filters having zero-intersymbol interference (ISI) and low sensitivity to timing jitter, with coefficients taking only discrete values. Using an affine scaling linear programming algorithm, an optimum discrete coefficient set can be obtained in a feasible computational time. Also presented is a pipelined multiplier-free FIR filter realization with periodically time-varying (PTV) coefficients based on a hybrid form suitable for Nyquist filter. The realization exploits the coefficient symmetry to reduce the hardware by about one half. High speed computation and low power consumption are achieved by its pipelined and low fan-out structure.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2010

This study purposed realization and a phase reduction of school building $CO_2$ emissions. Accordingly selected standard school buildings and evaluated life cycle environmental load($CO_2$). This study proposed Green building technology which separated design sector, energy sector, afforestation sector for carbon-neutral city school buildings realization of M-city. As a result, elementary, middle and high schools of M-city built in the year 2013 were required that design sector was Energy Performance Index(EPI) 75 point and energy sector was solar installations more than 25% of the power usage, Solar systems installed more than 10% of total gas consumption and the area of afforesting more than 35% of the ecological area to achieve 30% $CO_2$ reduction compared to the Respectively standard school buildings.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.93-98
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• 1980

본 논문에서는 conservative 논리회로의 종적접적에 관한 고리를 밝히고 임dml의 3 -3논리회로를 최소한의 소자를 종속하여 실현시키는 문제를 취급하였다. 다만 제 5, 15, 21, 24 및 제29의 5종의 기본유형을 선택하여 이들 중 2개만을 종속함으로써 31종의 전기본유형을 실현시켰다. 본 논문의 함성방향에 있어서는 입출력선의 교우를 허용하였는데 그 상한은 3으로 족하였으며, 합성결과를 표로 요약정리하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2015년도 제46회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1535-1536
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• 2015

CMOS realization of VDTA (Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifier) - Gm and its application in the design of multifunctional filter is presented. Small signal analysis is also done to simplify and depict the realization method. Also the parameters and can be tuned by adjusting the circuit components. The performance of VDTA-Gm amplifier and the designed Band Pass filter are simulated using HSPICE with CMOS $0.18{\mu}m$ process parameters.