• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.6-13
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• 2011

Due to its robustness to illumination change, normalized cross-correlation based similarity measurement is widely used in many machine vision applications. However, its inefficient computation structure is not adequate for real-time embedded vision system. In this paper, we present an efficient hardware architecture based on a normalized cross correlation (NCC) for fast image similarity measure. The proposed architecture simplifies window-sum process of the NCC using the integral-image. Relieving the overhead to constructing integral image, we make it possible to process integral image construction at the same time that pixel sequences are inputted. Also the proposed segmented integral image method can reduce the buffer size for storing integral image data.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.75-84
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• 2005

Since an unexpected fault of induction motor drive systems can cause serious troubles in many industrial applications, which the technique is required to diagnose faults of a voltage-fed PWM inverter for induction motor drives. The considered fault types are rectifier diodes, switching devices and input terminals with open-circuit faults, and the signal for diagnosis is derived from motor currents. The magnitude of dq-current trajectory is used for the feature extraction of a fault and PCA LDA are applied to diagnose. Also, we show results with respect to the execution time because of the possibility to use that a diagnosis software is embedded in the controllers of medium and small size induction motors drive for real-time diagnosis. After we performed various simulations for the fault diagnosis of the inverter, the usefulness of proposed algerian was verified.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.359-367
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• 2002

In this paper, a new embedded wavelet packet image coder algorithm is proposed for an effective image coder using correlation between partitioned coefficients. This new algorithm presents parent-child relationship for reducing image reconstruction error using relations between individual frequency sub-bands. By parent-child relationship, every coefficient is partitioned and encoded for the zerotree data structure. It is shown that the proposed wavelet packet image coder algorithm achieves low bit rates and rate-distortion. It also demonstrates higher PSNR under the same bit rate and an improvement in image compression time. The perfect rate control is compared with the conventional method. These results show that the encoding and decoding processes of the proposed coder are simpler and more accurate than the conventional ones for texture images that include many mid and high-frequency elements such as aerial and satellite photograph images. The experimental results imply the possibility that the proposed method can be applied to real-time vision system, on-line image processing and image fusion which require smaller file size and better resolution.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.1256-1263
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• 2022

With the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the amount of energy used in buildings has been increasing due to changes in the energy use structure caused by the massive spread of information-oriented equipment, climate change and greenhouse gas emissions. For the efficient use of energy, it is necessary to have a plan that can predict and reduce the amount of energy use according to the type of energy source and the use of buildings. To address such issues, this study presents a model embedded in a digital twin that predicts energy use in buildings. The digital twin is a system that can support a solution of urban problems through the process of simulations and analyses based on the data collected via sensors in real-time. To develop the energy use prediction model, energy-related data such as actual room use, power use and gas use were collected. Factors that significantly affect energy use were identified through a correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis based on the collected data. The proof-of-concept prototype was developed with an exhibition facility for performance evaluation and validation. The test results confirm that the error rate of the energy consumption prediction model decreases, and the prediction performance improves as the data is accumulated by comparing the error rates of the model. The energy use prediction model thus predicts future energy use and supports formulating a systematic energy management plan in consideration of characteristics of building spaces such as the purpose and the occupancy time of each room. It is suggested to collect and analyze data from other facilities in the future to develop a general-purpose energy use prediction model.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.347-352
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• 2012

In this paper, an 2D spatial-map construction for workers identification and avoidance of AGV using the detection scheme of the spatial coordinates based on stereo camera is proposed. In the proposed system, face area of a moving person is detected from a left image among the stereo image pairs by using the YCbCr color model and its center coordinates are computed by using the centroid method and then using these data, the stereo camera embedded on the mobile robot can be controlled for tracking the moving target in real-time. Moreover, using the disparity map obtained from the left and right images captured by the tracking-controlled stereo camera system and the perspective transformation between a 3-D scene and an image plane, depth map can be detected. From some experiments on AGV driving with 240 frames of the stereo images, it is analyzed that error ratio between the calculated and measured values of the worker's width is found to be very low value of 2.19% and 1.52% on average.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.304-310
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose the architecture of an IPM based lane detector for autonomous vehicles to detect and control the driving route along the curved lane. In the IPM image, we divide the area into two fields, Far/Near Field, and the lane candidate region is detected using the Hough transform to perform the matching for the curved lane. In autonomous vehicles, various algorithms must be embedded in the system. To reduce the system resources, we proposed a method to minimize the number of memory accesses to the image and various parameters on the external memory. The proposed circuit has 96% lane recognition rate and occupies 16% LUT, 5.9% FF and 29% BRAM in Xilinx XC7Z020. It processes Full-HD image at a rate of 42 fps at a 100 MHz operating clock.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.1
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• pp.195-202
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• 2004

This paper describes the development of a window manager based on the real time operating system, Qplus-p, for small internet appliance. Current window managers for small internet appliance are originally developed for desktop environment and then modified for embedded systems. So they have inadequate functions for small internet appliances and do not perfectly support Hangul. The Qplus-P window manager adds the Hangul processing function to Matchbox window manager, a royalty-free window manager for small Internet appliance and provides a new Hangul input method called Amikey. Input mode can be changed automatically from Hangul mode to English mode and vice versa by Amikey. In addition, Qplus-P window manager provides Hangul supported basic applications such as web browser, e-mail client, MP3 player. We developed the window manager by porting open sources to target system after adding Hangul supported functions to them.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.260-267
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• 2007

GPS adapter kit (GAK) is a GPS/INS guided range extension system to improve the accuracy and availability of existing dumb bombs. In this paper, a van test result of GPS/INS navigation module (NM) for guided bomb with GAK has been presented. The NM consists of a commercial MEMS IMU, embedded GPS receiver and navigation computer unit (NCU). The GPS receiver of NM was designed to use multiple antennas for satellite visibility and GPS attitude determination. The real-time navigation software was designed by modularized structure to guarantee the maintainability and extensibility. In order to evaluate the performance of the NM, a van test was preformed by using a high performance INS - Honeywell H-726 MAPS(Modular Azimuth Position System).The van test results show that the GAK NM with GPS attitude measurement gives better navigation performance than a conventional GPS/INS integration and good coasting capabilities under jamming environment.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.45-55
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• 2015

In recent years, keypoint recognition and tracking technologies are considered as crucial task in many practical systems for markerless augmented reality. The keypoint recognition and technologies are widely studied in many research areas, including computer vision, robot navigation, human computer interaction, and etc. Moreover, due to the rapid growth of mobile market related to augmented reality applications, several effective keypoint-based matching and tracking methods have been introduced by considering mobile embedded systems. Therefore, in this paper, we extensively analyze the recent research trends on keypoint-based recognition and tracking with several core components: keypoint detection, description, matching, and tracking. Then, we also present one of our research related to mobile augmented reality, named mobile tour guide system, by real-time recognition and tracking of tour maps on mobile devices.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1477-1483
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• 2020

The stability guarantee of wireless network based control systems is still challenging due to the lossy links and node failures. This paper proposes a hierarchical cluster-based network protocol called robust wireless sensor and actuator network (R-WSAN) by combining time, channel, and space resource diversity. R-WSAN includes a scheduling algorithm to support the network resource allocation and a control task sharing scheme to maintain the control stability of multiple plants. R-WSAN was implemented on a real test-bed using Zolertia RE-Mote embedded hardware platform running the Contiki-NG operating system. Our experimental results demonstrate that R-WSAN provides highly reliable and robust performance against lossy links and node failures. Furthermore, the proposed scheduling algorithm and the task sharing scheme meet the stability requirement of control systems, even if the controller fails to support the control task.