• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.66-82
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• 2016

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Kanghwalsokdan-tang Gamibang water extract (KSG) on osteoporosis. Methods : RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 was used to evaluate inhibitory effect of KSG osteoclast differentiation and gene expression. We counted TRAP (+) multinucleated cells and measured TRAP activity and mRNA expressions of osteoclastogenesis-related genes (NFATc1, MITF, JNK1, cathepsin K, MMP-9) to figure out the effect of KSG on osteoclast. Osteoblastogenesis was also determined in rat calvarial cell. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, bone matrix protein and collagen synthesis were measured by using murine calvarial cell. Results : KSG inhibited the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cell and expression of genes related osteoclastogenesis like NAFTc1, MITF, c-fos, JNK1, Cathepsin K, MMP-9 and TRAP. KSG increased cell division and function of osteoblast separated from the skull of a rat and ALP synthesis, biosynthesis of bone matrix protein and collagen. Conclusions : Reviewing these results, KSG has efficacy on osteoclast inhibition and osteoblast activation. After further study, KSG will be able to apply for osteoporosis treatment and prevention.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2006

It is well known that glucocorticoid may induce osteoporosis as its side effect in long-term therapy. The inhibition of osteoblast by glucocorticoid is also recognized as its action mechanism of decreased bone formation. In this study, the effect of DSG, Danchisoyosangamibang, on the differentiation and function of osteoblastic cells was investigated. The osteoblastic cells were isolated from rat calvariae using collagenase treatment. The cell counting, enzyme activity assay, MTT assay, collagen content assay were done to determine the cell proliferation, intracellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, bone martrix production, and cell apoptosis. DSG enhanced the cell proliferation after the culture for 10 days. ALP activity and total protein synthesis, and intracelluar collagen synthesis were increased time dependently when the cells were treated with DSG in the presence of dexamethasone. And, DSG restored calvarial cell function decreased by dexamethasone.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.325-334
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• 2000

Rhizoma Rehmanniae Preparata is a Chinese herbal tonic. The hemopoietic effects of Rhizoma Rehmanniae Preparata(4-time steamed Jihwang, 4-time steamed double dose Jihwang, 8-time steamed Jihwang, 8-time steamed double dose Jihwang) were examined using in vitro rat(SD) model. Cyclophosphamide(150 mg/kg) was injected into experimental groups and control group to induce bone marrow suppression. Oral administration of Rhizoma Rehmanniae Preparata suppressed hormone levels of $T_4\;and\;T_3$. Reticulocyte count was increased by the bone marrow suppression.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.497-509
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• 2007

Bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs) are regarded as members of the transforming growth $factor-{\beta}$ superfamily with characteristic features in their amino acid sequences. A number of studies have demonstrated the biologic activities of BMPs, which include the induction of cartilage and bone formation. Recently there was a attempt to overcome a limitation of mass production, and economical efficieny of rh-BMPs. The method producing PTD by using bacteria have advantages of acquiry a mass of proteins. Hences, a new treatment which deliver protein employed by protein transduction domain(PTD) has been tried. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bone regenerative effect of TATBMP-2 and TAT-HA2-BMP-2 employed by PTD from HlV-1 TAT protein for protein translocation in the rat calvarial model. An 8mm calvarial, critical size osteotomy defect was created in each of 32 male Spraque-Dawley rats(weight $250{\sim}300g$). The animals were divided into 4 groups of 32 animals each (4 animals/group/healing interval). The defect was treated with TATBMP-2/ACS(Absorbable collagen sponge) (TATBMP-2 0.1mg/ml), TAT-HA2-BMP-2/ACS(TAT-HA2-BMP-2 0.1mg/ml), ACS alone or left untreated for surgical control(negative control). The rats were sacrificed at 2 or 8 weeks postsurgery, and the results were evaluated histologically. The results were as follows: New bone formation were not significantly greater in the TATBMP-2/ACS group relative to negative, and positive control groups. New bone was evident at the defect sites in TAT-HA2-BMP-2/ACS group relative to negative, positive control and TATBMP-2 groups. There were a little bone regeneration in TATBMP-2 groups. While, enhanced local bone formation were observed in TAT-HA2-BMP-2 group. But, The results was not the same in all rat defects. Therefore, further investigations are required to develop a method. which disperse homogenously, and adhere to target cells.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.101-123
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim was to study the effect of bee venom pharmacopuncture therapy with different concentration on rheumatoid arthritis rat model. Methods : We enforced a bee venom pharmacopuncture therapy with different concentration on rheumatoid arthritis rat model by the intradermal injection of chicken type II collagen emulsified. 14 days after the onset of the rheumatoid arthritis rat model, a fixed volume of bee venom was daily injected to ST-35 acupoint in the rat's knee joint for 2-3 weeks. The hind paw volume, arthritic index, arthritic flexion pain test, pain threshold, and serum analysis (CRP, $PGE_2$, ALT, AST) were analyzed, and the expression profiles of COX-2, c-fos, and substance-P at the dorsal horn region of the spinal cord and subchondral bone of the knee joint were also analyzed by using the immunohistochemistry. Results : After the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis rats with bee venom pharmacopuncture, the paw volume of edema of arthritic rats were almost restored to the level of normal group, and behavior tests were very effective. Also the evaluation on the blood serum analysis was remarkable. COX-2, c-fos, and substance-P positive cells in the immunohistological section of dorsal horn region of the spinal cord and subchondral bone of the knee joints were significantly decreased. also the bee venom pharmacopuncture was effective to alleviate their rheumatoid arthritic inflammation cytokine inhibition as regards to the behavior tests and joint histological appearance. Conclusions : Based on the results in this study, bee venom pharmacopuncture with concentrated treatment condition was very effective in low fixed quantity and progressive low increased quantity.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.859-872
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low concentrative ${\beta}-APN$ on the periodontal ligament and relationship between lathyrintic bodies and osteoclast cells near the by alveolar bone. Mandibles including teeth and periodontiums of 24 Sprague-Dawley rat was used. ${\beta}-APN$ 0.2g/kg/day soluted in mineral water was administrated for 5 days before sacrifice in experimental group. 3 rats on each day was sacrificed on 1, 3, 7, 11 days after stop administration ${\beta}-APN$. Histologic examination and the activity of osteoclasts by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase was observed. The results were as follows : 1. In experimental group, the The small foci of lathyrintic bodies surrounded by palisading fibroblasts were seen obviously on 1, 3 days and decreased after 7 days. On 11 days, fibroblasts of periodontal ligament similar to control group. 2. The lathyrintic bodies were seen in the middle zone of periodontal ligament of pressured area like furcation area, alveolar crest, bone resorption area than tensioned area of apposition area. 3. In experimental group of 1, 3 days, lathyrintic bodies were much seen in the area that osteoclasts was much distributed area. After 7 days, experimental group was seen the control group. In conclusion, rathyrintic bodies were formed by low concentrative ${\beta}-APN$ chiefly on the pressured area like furcation area, alveolar crest, bone resorption area than tensioned area of apposition side in periodontal tissue and concerned with osteoclast cells.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.264-264
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• 2006

The nanoparticle-hydrogel complex as a new bone defect replacement matrix, which is composed of the nanoparticles for the sustained release of BMP and the hydrogel for filling the bone defect site and playing a role as a matrix where new bone can grow, is presented. In vivo evaluation of bone formation was characterized by soft X-ray, MT staining, and calcium assay, based on the rat calvarial critical size defect model. The effective bone regeneration was achieved by the BMP-2 loaded nanoparticles in fibrin gel, compare to bare fibrin gel, the nanoparticle-fibrin gel complex without BMP-2, or the BMP-2 in fibrin gel, in terms of the new bone area and the gray level in X-ray, the bone marrow are, and the calcium content in the initial defect site. These findings suggest that the BMP-2 loaded nanoparticle-fibrin gel complex can a promising candidate for a new bone defect replacement matrix.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.156-160
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• 2005

Salvia miltiorrhiza Radix root extracts (SMR) was evaluated for inhibition of the progress of bone loss induced by ovariectomy (OVX) in rats. We measured body weight and bone histomorphometry in sham, OVX and SMR-administered OVX rats. From light microscopic analyses, porous or erosive appearances were observed on the surface of trabecular bone of tibia in OVX rats, whereas those of the same bone in sham rats and in SMR-administered rats were composed of fine particles. The trabecular bone area and trabecular thickness in OVX rats were decreased by $50\%$ from those in sham rats, and these decreases were completely inhibited by administration of SMR for 7 weeks. In this study, the mechanical strength in femur neck was significantly enhanced by the treatment of SMR for 7 weeks. In OVX rats, free $T_3$ was normal in all cases, whereas free $T_4$ was significantly increased. Although there was no difference between OVX and SMR-administered rat in $T_3$ levels, we have found significant difference between them in $T_4$ level. These results strongly suggest that SMR may be beneficial for preventing bone loss in OVX rats.

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.159-159
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• 2004

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.162-162
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• 2004