• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.65-83
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• 2011

The purpose of Emergency Arbitrator System is to provide parties with the possibility of obtaining interim measures before constitution of the arbitral tribunal. This paper examines the Emergency Arbitrator System set forth in Article 32 and Appendix II of Arbitration Rules of Stockholm Chamber of Commerce (SCC) in comparison with Article 37 of ICDR International Arbitration Rules. This paper also provides a case study of 4 Decisions rendered by Emergency Arbitrators under the auspices of SCC in 2010. It was found that it took only 4 days on average from the date upon which the request for emergency interim measures was registered to SCC to the decision rendered by Emergency Arbitrators. The figures of average days reflect its rapidity well, one of the most preferred characteristics of arbitration. However, a case study of SCC decisions shows that only one request for interim measures was successfully granted. In other words, it was found that the requirements for granting of interim measures by emergency arbitrator were quite strictly applied. If interim measures is to be granted, it was found that the requesting party should prove to satisfy the requirements for granting of interim measures as follows: First, the requesting party has to demonstrate that it may suffer irreparable or serious harm in commercially-sensible, not in a strictly literal sense unless the interim measure is granted. Second, the party requesting interim measures has to persuade the Emergency Arbitrator that the request was of an urgent nature. Third, the requesting party is required to meet the reasonable possibility that it may succeed on the merits of the claim.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.189-209
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• 2006

Business expects that IT investment would maximize the effects, like availability, timeliness, rapidity of information, by practical using of information technology for a strategic goal. However, it is not clear yet that IT investment would increase business productivity and could create profitability in the end-the linkage between IT investment and business KPI(Key Performance Indicator). In this case study(only provides post-evaluation case), we suggested integrated IT ROI(Return On Investment) methodology with a consistent and integrated view, on the base of practical implementation at Korean financial company. Especially, we evaluated connection between IT and business strategy, made business-related IT KPI development methodology, suggested framework for sustainable IT evaluation and management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2020

In this paper, the performances of the electrical characteristics of the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D-printed flexible resistance sensor was evaluated. The FDM 3D printing flexible resistive sensor is composed of flexible-material thermoplastic polyurethane and a conductive PLA (carbon black conductive polylactic acid) polymer. While 3D printing, polymer filaments heat up quickly before being extruded and cooled down quickly. Polymers have poor thermal conductivity so the heating and cooling causes unevenness, which then results in internal stress on the printed parts due to the rapidity of the heating and cooling. Electrical resistance measurements show that the 3D-printed flexible sensor is unstable due to internal stress, so the 3D-printed flexible sensor resistance curve does not match the increases and decreases in the displacement curve. Therefore, annealing was performed to eliminate the mismatch between electrical resistance and displacement. Annealing eliminates residual stress on the sensor, so the electrical resistance of the sensor increases and decreases in proportion to displacement. Additionally, the resistance is lowered in comparison to before annealing. The results of this study will be very useful for the fabrication of various devices that employ 3D-printed flexible sensor that have multiple degrees of freedom and are not limited by size and shape.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.837-848
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• 2014

This paper describes the development of a walking assistive robot for effective self-rehabilitation for elderly people facing an inconvenience in walking. The main features of the developed robot are enhanced safety and mobility using the baby walker and electric wheelchair mechanisms and an accurate walking tracking control algorithm using potentiometers and stereo cameras. Specifically, a pelvis supporter is designed to prevent the user from falling down and reduce the burden on their legs, and electric motors are used for easy locomotion with low effort. Next, the walking intention and direction of the user are automatically recognized by using potentiometers attached at the pelvis supporter so that the robot can track the user, and the rapidity and accuracy of the tracking were increased by applying a lower-body motion analysis algorithm with stereo cameras. Finally, the user-tracking performance of the developed robot was experimentally verified through stepwise walking assistance experiments.

• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2016

Purpose: Mucolipidosis type II (ML II), also known as I-cell disease is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder of lysosomal enzyme transport caused by a deficiency of the uridine diphosphate (UDP)-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (GlcNAc-phosphotransferase). Clinical manifestations are skeletal abnormalities, mental retardation, cardiac disease, and respiratory complications. A severely and rapidity progressive clinical course leads to death before 10 years of age. Methods/Results: In this study we diagnosed three cases of prenatal ML II in two different at-risk families. We compared two procedures -biochemical analysis and molecular analysis - for the prenatal diagnosis of ML II. Both methods require an invasive procedure to obtain specimens for the diagnosis. Biochemical analysis requires obtaining cell cultures from amniotic fluid for more than two weeks, and would result in a late diagnosis at 19 to 22 weeks of gestation. Molecular genetic testing by direct sequence analysis is usually possible when mutations are confirmed in the proband. Molecular analysis has an advantage in that it can be performed during the first-trimester. Conclusion: Molecular diagnosis is a preferable method when a prompt decision is necessary.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2009

The telecommunication technology in the 21st century has come up to the standard which could transmit various spatial information by means of on-line and the printing technology using computers has been on a par with presswork in quality. In addition, map users also would like to get various spatial information through on-line directly or indirectly. None the less, the supply system of national base map in our country has maintained the off-line sales method. It is owing to this reason that the nation's supply system has shown a high degree of inefficiency from the viewpoint of the inventory control, rapidity, and economical efficiency as compared with the on-line sales system in the developed countries. This study tried to analyze some problems of the present supply system in order to build up the foundation of the efficient map supply system and also developed the system such as On-demand maps, on-line paying and sales, inventory control, meta dat establishment, and security module, etc. This study tried to analyze some problems of the present supply system in order to build up the foundation of the efficient map supply system and also developed the system such as On-demand maps, on-line paying and sales, inventory control, meta dat establishment, and security module, etc.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.284-289
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• 2004

A PCR assay for the rapid detection of Vibrio vulnificus strains was developed using a virulence gene for elastase found in various Vibrio species. The DNA sequences in the elastase gene facilitated the identification of a species-specific probe for pathogenic V. vulnificus strains from both clinical and environmental sources. Using an elastase gene-based PCR reaction, a species-specific 507-bp PCR product was visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis. Three different DNA extraction methods were then compared to improve the simplicity and rapidity of detection. A PCR assay using the conventional DNA extraction or boiling method was able to detect as few as 25 V. vulnificus cells, making the detection limits at least 1-log-scale lower than that for the EDT A-treated DNA extraction method. In particular, the boiling method, which does not require purification of the chromosomal DNA, was very effective in terms of simple and rapid detection. Meanwhile, the detection limit in a mixed bacterial culture that included other bacteria, such as Escherichia coli or Bacillus subtilis, was two V. vulnificus cells, which was 1-log-scale lower than that for the control. Accordingly, when coupled with a new DNA extraction method, the elastase gene-based PCR can provide a rapid, specific, and sensitive method for identifying V. vulnificus in clinical and environmental samples.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.225-232
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• 1992

In order to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) for detecting aflatoxin $B_1(AFB_1)$, we produced and purified antibodies, thereafter established and evaluated methods of direct and indirect competitive ELISA. Anti-AFB, antisera, produced by immunizing rabbits with $AFB_1$-1-(0-carboxymethy1)oxime-bovine serum albumin conjugate ($AFB_1$-BSA), were removed of anti-BSA antibodies by quantitative precipitation reaction and further purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and DEAE-Sephadex A-50 ion exchange chromatography. Purified IgG fractions were used as anti-$AFB_1$ antibodies. The antibodies, whose titer was deterrnined extremely high above $2 \times 10^6$, showed low cross-reactivity of 3~34% against $AFB_1$ analogues such as G2, B2, and GI. From the standard curves of direct and indirect competitive ELISA for AFBI, the detection ranges were found 0.2~20 and 1~10, 000 ng/ml(ppb) respectively. In their sensitivity, stability, simplicity, and rapidity, the direct method was more suitable than the indirect method for practical use.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.169-198
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• 2012

The rapidity at which industrial and business management environment has become globalized, including the FTA, has provided valuable opportunities for domestic small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to obtain global technological business. However, it is unclear whether or not the SMEs' attempt to advance global technological business is producing fruitful results. This study begins with defining global technological business and the efforts of SMEs to develop them and proceeds to discuss survey results that asked the reasoning behind SMEs that entered or wish to enter foreign spheres (China, Japan, Southeast Asia, and Europe) of businesses, and also perform factorial analysis to obtain substantiation. The study classified the relevant SMEs using clustering method. Based on the results, the study makes recommendations to executives in instilling global-minded strategies, on customized support strategies depending on the SME's capability and its intended foreign entry sphere, and on strengthening the SME's competence on the global scale.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.377-381
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• 2014

Microscopy is considered as the gold standard for malaria diagnosis although its wide application is limited by the requirement of highly experienced microscopists. PCR and serological tests provide efficient diagnostic performance and have been applied for malaria diagnosis and research. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of nested PCR and a recently developed an ELISA-based new rapid diagnosis test (RDT), NovaLisa test kit, for diagnosis of malaria infection, using microscopic method as the gold standard. The performance of nested-PCR as a malaria diagnostic tool is excellent with respect to its high accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and ability to discriminate Plasmodium species. The sensitivity and specificity of nested-PCR compared with the microscopic method for detection of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and P. falciparum/P. vivax mixed infection were 71.4 vs 100%, 100 vs 98.7%, and 100 vs 95.0%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA-based NovaLisa test kit compared with the microscopic method for detection of Plasmodium genus were 89.0 vs 91.6%, respectively. NovaLisa test kit provided comparable diagnostic performance. Its relatively low cost, simplicity, and rapidity enables large scale field application.