• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2022

Ginseng is an international herb that has been used for thousands of years. Two species most commonly applied and investigated in the ginseng family are Asian ginseng and American ginseng. The number of randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) has conspicuously increased, driven by the rapid development of ginseng. However, the reporting of RCT items of ginseng is deficient because of different trial designs and reporting formats, which is a challenge for researchers who are looking for the data with high quality and reliability. Thus, this study focused on providing an extensive analysis of these two species and examined the quality of the RCTs, based on the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guideline. Ninety-one RCTs conducted from 1980 to 2019 that were related to Asian ginseng and American ginseng used singly met our inclusion criteria. We found that the reporting quality of the two species has improved during the past 40 years. Publication date and sample size were significantly associated with the reporting quality. Rigorous RCTs designed for the species of ginseng are warranted, which can shed light on product research and development of ginseng in the future.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.1036-1047
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• 2013

본 연구는 불면과 관련된 무작위임상시험의 해외 연구 동향을 살펴보기 위하여 시계열적 키워드 비교 분석 및 네트워크 분석을 실시하였다. 분석에 사용된 자료는 'Insomnia'와 'Randomized Clinical Trial'의 연관 키워드를 사용하여 ClinicalTrials의 379건, Web of Science의 132건을 선정하였다. 분석 결과, ClinicalTrials에서는 불면과 약물요법을 중심으로 인지행동요법, 우울 등의 키워드가 네트워크를 이루고 있었다. WOS에서는 ClinicalTrials의 결과에 멜라토닌 키워드가 추가적으로 나타났다. 또한, 연구 대상자 중 특징적으로 노인과 여성에 대한 연구가 꾸준히 진행되는 것으로 파악되었다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.255-257
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• 2007

We propose an improved selective randomized load balancing (ISRLB) robust scheme under the hose uncertainty model for a special double-hop routing network architecture. The ISRLB architecture maintains the resilience properties of Valiant's load balancing and reduces the network cost/propagation delay in all other robust routing schemes.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.1674-1692
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• 2018

An RFID network is a network in which a reader inquire about the identities of tags and tags respond with their identities to a reader. The diversity of RFID networks has brought about many applications including an inexpensive system where a single reader supports a small number of tags. Such a system needs a tag cognizance scheme that is able to arbitrate among contending tags as well as is simple enough. In this paper, confining our attention to a clan of simple schemes, we propose a randomized scheme with aiming at enhancing the tag cognizance rate than a conventional scheme. Then, we derive an exact expression for the cognizance rate attained by the randomized scheme. Unfortunately, the exact expression is not so tractable as to optimize the randomized scheme. As an alternative way, we develop an upper bound on the tag cognizance rate. In a closed form, we then obtain a nearly optimal value for a key design parameter, which maximizes the upper bound. Numerical examples confirm that the randomized scheme is able to dominate the conventional scheme in cognizance rate by employing a nearly optimal value. Furthermore, they reveal that the randomized scheme is robust to the fallacy that the reader believes or guesses a wrong number of neighboring tags.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2007

기존 Hough transform을 이용한 타원 검출의 수행 속도와 개수의 추정을 개선하기 위해 본 논문에서는 선분 세그먼트 기반 Randomized Hough Transform (RHT)을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 에지 영상을 선분 세그먼트 단위로 분할한 후 임의의 선분 세그먼트 쌍을 RHT를 이용해서 타원을 추정하여 병합여부를 판단한다. 이와 같이 선분 세그먼트 단위로 RHT를 적용하면 적은 반복수행으로 타원을 추정할 수 있으며 복잡한 에지 영상에서도 보다 정확한 타원의 개수를 추정할 수 있다. 제안된 방법의 효율성은 계산속도 및 타원검출의 정확도로 평가하였으며 다양한 입력영상에 대한 실험을 통해 입증하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1975-1988
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• 2019

Short-term traffic flow prediction plays an important role in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) in areas such as transportation management, traffic control and guidance. For short-term traffic flow regression predictions, the main challenge stems from the non-stationary property of traffic flow data. In this paper, we design an ensemble cascading prediction framework based on extremely randomized trees (extra-trees) using a boosting technique called EET to predict the short-term traffic flow under non-stationary environments. Extra-trees is a tree-based ensemble method. It essentially consists of strongly randomizing both the attribute and cut-point choices while splitting a tree node. This mechanism reduces the variance of the model and is, therefore, more suitable for traffic flow regression prediction in non-stationary environments. Moreover, the extra-trees algorithm uses boosting ensemble technique averaging to improve the predictive accuracy and control overfitting. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that extra-trees have been used as fundamental building blocks in boosting committee machines. The proposed approach involves predicting 5 min in advance using real-time traffic flow data in the context of inherently considering temporal and spatial correlations. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves higher accuracy and lower variance and computational complexity when compared to the existing methods.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.1874-1885
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• 2000

When a receiver of ciphertext message can not decrypt a message because he has lost his private-key, the private-key of receiver and session-key of the message should be recovered. In this paper, we developed an Encapsulation based Key Recovery System (EKRS). EKRS is a new key encapsulation based key recovery system which is characterized by secretly choice of KRA, randomized target keys. n-way recovery type, and useful for commercial key recovery. EKRS is formally specified by a pictorial model, an Extended Cryptographic Timed Petri Net (ECTPN). Secure information flow and reachability of a session-key are verified by using reachability graph of ECTPN. EKRS, executing over a Public Key Infrastructure, can be used as a security solution in Web based applications such as CALS, EC an EDI.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.1343-1354
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• 2018

표준 인증유지기술로 널리 사용되고 있는 OAuth 2.0 Bearer 토큰, JWT(JSON Web Token) 기술은 고정된 토큰을 반복 전송하는 방식을 이용하고 있어서 네트워크 공격자에 의한 도청공격에 취약하기 때문에 HTTPS 보안통신 환경에서 사용해야 한다는 제약이 있다. 평문통신 환경에서도 사용할 수 있는 인증유지기술로 제안된 OAuth 2.0 MAC 토큰 기술은 서버가 인증된 클라이언트에게 공유된 비밀키를 발급하고 인증요청시 이를 이용하여 MAC 값을 계산하여 제시하는 방식을 사용하는데 서버는 사용자별 공유비밀키를 관리해야 하므로 무상태(stateless) 인증을 제공할 수 없다는 단점이 있다. 이 논문에서는 서버측에서 사용자별 공유비밀키를 관리하지 않고도 무상태 MAC 토큰 인증을 수행할 수 있도록 개선된 난수화 토큰인증 프로토콜을 제시한다. 전체 인증과정에서 HTTPS를 사용할 필요가 없도록 하기 위하여 서버인증서를 이용한 초기인증보안, 인증서토큰을 이용한 전자서명 간편로그인 등의 기술을 난수화 토큰인증 기술과 결합하여 적용함으로써 완전한 무상태형 인증서비스를 제공할 수 있도록 설계하였으며 그 구현 사례를 제시한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.4508-4530
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• 2021

Today distributed data storage service are being widely used. However lack of proper means of security makes the user data vulnerable. In this work, we propose a Randomized Block Size (RBS) model for secure data storage in distributed environments. The model work with multifold block sizes encrypted with the Chinese Remainder Theorem-based RSA (C-RSA) technique for end-to-end security of multimedia data. The proposed RBS model has a key generation phase (KGP) for constructing asymmetric keys, and a rand generation phase (RGP) for applying optimal asymmetric encryption padding (OAEP) to the original message. The experimental results obtained with text and image files show that the post encryption file size is not much affected, and data is efficiently encrypted while storing at the distributed storage server (DSS). The parameters such as ciphertext size, encryption time, and throughput have been considered for performance evaluation, whereas statistical analysis like similarity measurement, correlation coefficient, histogram, and entropy analysis uses to check image pixels deviation. The number of pixels change rate (NPCR) and unified averaged changed intensity (UACI) were used to check the strength of the proposed encryption technique. The proposed model is robust with high resilience against eavesdropping, insider attack, and chosen-plaintext attack.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2013

Objectives : To review the recent trend of randomized controlled clinical trials on insomnia and to provide information for future clinical trials. Methods : A total of 667 pieces of literature were searched using the key words 'insomnia' and 'randomized controlled trial' and using the title 'insomnia' with the topic 'trial or trials', published from 2008 to 2012 through Web of Science. Studies including randomized controlled clinical trials were sorted from the search result and finally 104 pieces of the literature were selected and examined. Results : Besides 104 clinical trials, 14 trials related to CAM (Complementary and Alternative Medicine) were also reviewed. On average, 20 trials were annually conducted and they showed a growing trend. Participants were between 31 and 90 (34.6%), and were observed for less than 30 days (28.8%) in most trials. As intervention methods for clinical trials, non-pharmaceutical methods were used in 59 studies (56.7%), pharmaceutical drug in 43 studies (41.3%) and combinations in 2 studies (1.9%). In 60 studies, only insomnia without any underlying diseases was examined and other 44 studies involved other diseases. As diagnosis assessment tools, Sleep diary and Polysomnography were used. Conclusions : Randomized controlled trials relevant to insomnia were on the increase, but only a small number of clinical trials on Oriental Medicine have been performed. Larger scientific and well-founded randomized controlled trials are required for developing Oriental Medicine and establishing high-quality guideline going forward.