• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.195-199
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• 1998

이온화방사선을 이용하여 느타리(Pleurotus ostreatus)의 담자포자(basidiospore)로부터 섬유소 분해능이 뛰어난 변이주를 유도하고자 본 실험을 수행하였다. 담자포자를 감마선조사 후 MUF(4-methylumbelliferyl) 반응기를 이용하여 세포외분비효소의 활성도를 측정하였다. 방사선유기 변이주에서 RAPD(random amplified polymorphic DNA)의 양상을 조사하여 유전유사도를 분석하였다. 검색한 45종의 균주들은 MUF의 기질에 따라 다양한 기질분해도를 보였으며, 이 중에서 섬유소 분해능이 뛰어난 3개의 변이주 2KG-1, 2KG-2와 20KG-1를 선발하였다. RAPD 양상을 통해 조사한 변이주의 유전유사도는 대조군에 대해 $50%{\sim}52%$였고, 변이주간에는 $49%{\sim}57%$로 나타나 방사선조사에 의해 유전적 다양성이 증가되었음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 방사선조사에 의해 유기된 변이주는 섬유소성 생물폐자원의 재활용에 있어서 매우 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2010

Pseudomonas aeruginosa are important nosocomial pathogens. Their resistance to carbapenem is increasing and causing concerns in Korea. An increasing prevalence of carbapenem resistance mediated by acquired carbapenemase is being reported. Over a 10 month-period from July 2007 to April 2008, 32 strains of imipenem-nonsusceptible P. auruginosa were isolated from Kangwon National University Hospital. To determine the prevalence and genotypes of the carbapenemase-producing clinical isolates, the antibiotic susceptibility was determined by Microscan Walkaway 96 SI System and the carbapenem activity was detected by the modified Hodge test and the imipenem-EDTA-SMA double-disk synergy test. The metallo-${\beta}$-lactamase gene and OXA-type ${\beta}$-lactamase gene reported in Korea were detected by PCR. As for the result of PCR, 30 isolates of P. aeruginosa were found to have $bla_{IMP-1}$-like and 1 isolate was found to have $bla_{IMP-1}$-like and $bla_{IMP-2}$. No clinical isolates were found to have $bla_{SIM-1}$, $bla_{OXA-23}$-like and $bla_{OXA-24}$-like. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR and dendrogram for genetical similarity to band patterns of each clinical isolates were examined. P. aeruginosa were grouped into 7 clusters of up to 50% of similarity index. In the P. aeruginosa group, PS3 was resistant to the most antibiotics, PS1 was susceptible to the most antibiotics. PS7 was resistant to aztreonam unlike other groups. This is the first report of prevalence of carbapenemase in Chuncheon.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.337-341
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• 2004

Morphological and genetic diversity of thirty nine safflower germplasm were collected and evaluated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Stem length and seeding to flowering days of the safflower germplasm showed $26\~117cm\;and\;76\~179$ days of variation respectively. USA originated germplasm showed higher oil content as $39\%$, but that of Japanese showed lower as $26\%$. PCA made three different cluster groups according to some agronomic characteristics of safflower. Korea originated germplasm showed similar cluster group with that of collected from USA in the PCA of stem length. But in the seeding to flowering days, it showed similar cluster pattern with that of collected from Japan rather than USA. In the experiment of RAPD analysis, total five primers showed polymorphism at the several chromosomal loci. Korea, China Japan and South Central Asia originated germplasm were differently classified with USA and South West Asia originated germplasm with lower similarity coefficient value (0.47). Most of Korea originated germplasm were grouped with South Central Asia originated germplasm with higher similarity coefficient value (0.74) conferring similar genetic background between both of them. China and Japan originated germplasm were dendrogramed with Korea originated germplasm at the 0.65 and 0.50 similarity coefficient values respectively. Some common results were expected from both of PCA and RAPD analysis, but lower genetic heritability caused by relative higher portion of environmental variance and environment by genotype interaction at the expression of those of agronomic characteristics made constraint to find any reliable results.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.276-286
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• 2017

Licorice, a traditional Korean medicinal plant, is recognized for its main active ingredient, glycyrrhizin. The level of glycyrrhizin in Chinese licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) is lower than the reference level (2.5%) set by the Korean Pharmacopoeia, reducing its value as a medicinal herb. In this study, we aimed to overcome this problem by generating an interspecific licorice hybrid by crossing European licorice (G. glabra) with Chinese licorice, resulting in the production of 32 $F_1$ lines. A comparison of genetic traits revealed variations in glycyrrhizin content among lines, ranging from 1.5 to 5.6%, with a mean value of 3.2%; these values are higher than that of the parental plants. Additionally, 25 lines (78.1%) had a glycyrrhizin content greater than 2.5%, which is higher than the reference level set by the Korean Pharmacopoeia. Four of these lines had glycyrrhizin levels higher than the WHO recommended level of 4.0%. A comparison of phenotypic characteristics showed that the leaves of the hybrids possessed all of the characteristics of European and Chinese licorice; however, the stems of most hybrids had characteristics of European licorice. Finally, we determined the genetic distances of 34 samples of Glycyrrhiza plants (parents, 32 $F_1$ lines) by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD); the $F_1$ lines showed a close genetic distance. We plan to develop to a cultivar using five of these lines (glycyrrhizin content < 4.0%).

• 한국식물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물생명공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 및 한일 식물생명공학 심포지엄
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• pp.106-111
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• 2005

For breeding of a new rootstock for eggplant production, somatic hybrids between two species, Solanum integrifolium and S. sanitwongsei were obtained through protoplast fusion. The former species has been commonly used for rootstock for eggplant production in Japan. Eggplants on these rootstocks are more productive than ungrafted plants, but are susceptible to bacterial wilt caused Ralstonia solanacearum. While the latter species is resistant, the growth of eggplants on this rootstock is rather slow and low yield. Protoplast of both species were isolated from cotyledons, and inactivated with iodoacetamide or UV-irradiation, then fused electrically. The fused products were then cultured. Regenerated plantlets were then transplanted on soil then maintained in a green house. The plants were classified into four groups. Those in the first group showed morphological characters intermediate of the parentalspecies. The plants bore fruit with viable seeds. The plants showed a chromosome number of 2n=48, the sum of those of the parental species, and are suggested to be symmetric fusion products. While plants in the other groupswas less vigorous and showed chromosome number 2n= 68 to 72 suggesting asymmetric fusion products by genomic in situ hybridization(GISH). Isozyme pattern of shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH; EC 1.1.1.25), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH; EC 1.1.1.41) and phosphoglucomutase (PGM; EC 2.7.5.1) showed that 24 regenerated plants in three groups were somatic hybrids. Analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) showed that 43 S. integrifolium-specific and 57 S. sanitwongsei-specific bands were all found in 24 plants. Both somatic hybrids and its S1 plants were found to be resistant to bacterial wilt, and eggplant grafted these plants using for rootstocks were more productive than grafted mother plants. Now, S1 progenies are used for commercial eggplant production in Osaka Prefecture.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.603-607
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• 2004

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR) analysis was carried out with a battery of 11 random decamer primers to study band frequency (BF), genetic identity index (I) and mean average percentage difference (MAPD) between Bhadawari and Murrah breeds of buffalo. The primers OPA04 and BG15 resolved a band of 460 bp, which was present only in animals of Bhadawari breed. Whereas, the primers OPA14, BG27 and BG28 produced Murrah specific fragments of sizes 730 bp and 1,230 bp, respectively. The estimate of genetic identity index was highest (0.845) with the primer OPA01 and the lowest (0.479) with the primer BG27. The genetic identity index pooled over the primers was 0.596${\pm}$0.037 between these two breeds. The highest MAPD estimate (53.9) between the two breeds was obtained with the primer BG27 and the lowest (14.3) with the primer OPA01. It might be concluded that the genetic identity index between these two breeds calculated on the basis of BF showed moderate level of genetic identity with the primers employed. MAPD calculated on the basis of uncommon bands also demonstrated lower to medium level of genetic difference between Bhadawari and Murrah breeds of buffalo.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.437-447
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• 2012

Natural and beneficial associations between plants and bacteria have demonstrated potential commercial application for several agricultural crops. The sunflower has acquired increasing importance in Brazilian agribusiness owing to its agronomic characteristics such as the tolerance to edaphoclimatic variations, resistance to pests and diseases, and adaptation to the implements commonly used for maize and soybean, as well as the versatility of the products and by-products obtained from its cultivation. A study of the cultivable bacteria associated with two sunflower cultivars, using classical microbiological methods, successfully obtained isolates from different plant tissues (roots, stems, florets, and rhizosphere). Out of 57 plant-growth-promoting isolates obtained, 45 were identified at the genus level and phylogenetically positioned based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing: 42 Bacillus (B. subtilis, B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. pumilus, B. megaterium, and Bacillus sp.) and 3 Methylobacterium komagatae. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis showed a broad diversity among the Bacillus isolates, which clustered into 2 groups with 75% similarity and 13 subgroups with 85% similarity, suggesting that the genetic distance correlated with the source of isolation. The isolates were also analyzed for certain growth-promoting activities. Auxin synthesis was widely distributed among the isolates, with values ranging from 93.34 to 1653.37 ${\mu}M$ auxin per ${\mu}g$ of protein. The phosphate solubilization index ranged from 1.25 to 3.89, and siderophore index varied from 1.15 to 5.25. From a total of 57 isolates, 3 showed an ability to biologically fix atmospheric nitrogen, and 7 showed antagonism against the pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The results of biochemical characterization allowed identification of potential candidates for the development of biofertilizers targeted to the sunflower crop.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.50-60
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• 2015

The use of novel isolates of Trichoderma with efficient antagonistic capacity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) is a promising alternative strategy to pesticides for tomato wilt management. We evaluated the antagonistic activity of 30 isolates of T. asperellum against 4 different isolates of FOL. The production of extracellular cell wall degrading enzymes of the antagonistic isolates was also measured. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was applied to assess the genetic variability among the T. asperellum isolates. All of the T. asperellum isolates significantly reduced the mycelial growth of FOL isolates but the amount of growth reduction varied significantly as well. There was a correlation between the antagonistic capacity of T. asperellum isolates towards FOL and their lytic enzyme production. Isolates showing high levels of chitinase and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase activities strongly inhibited the growth of FOL isolates. RAPD analysis showed a high level of genetic variation among T. asperellum isolates. The UPGMA dendrogram revealed that T. asperellum isolates could not be grouped by their antagonistic behavior or lytic enzymes production. Six isolates of T. asperellum were highly antagonistic towards FOL and potentially could be used in commercial agriculture to control tomato wilt. Our results are consistent with the conclusion that understanding the genetic variation within Trichoderma isolates and their biochemical capabilities are required for the selection of effective indigenous fungal strains for the use as biocontrol agents.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.28-32
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 식용 및 약용버섯인 아위(阿魏)버섯(Pleurotus ferulae) 균주와 느타리버섯속(Pleurotus spp.) 종간의 유전적 유연관계를 이해하는 것이었다. RAPD 분석결과 이들 버섯 종들은 유사도 80% 수준에서 7개의 그룹으로 분류되었다. 노랑느타리(P. cornucopiae), 사철 2호(P. florida), 여름 2호(P. sajor-caju)는 각각의 그룹으로 분류 되었고, 큰느타리 균주인 26060과 P. fuscus var. ferulae 균주인 26065은 같은 그룹으로 분류되었다. 4개의 느타리 균주는 흑평을 제외한 수한 1호, 원형 1호, 춘추 1호가 한그룹을 형성하였고, 아위버섯 균주 중 일본설이를 제외한 박달, 아위, 천산 1호, 아위예산 균주가 하나의 그룹을 형성하였다. 아위버섯 균주인 일본설이는 느타리 균주인 흑평과 같은 그룹에 속하였다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2004

Bupleurum latissimum is a narrowly endemic and endangered plant, restricted to only two small populations on steep cliffs of a small island, Ulleung Island, in Korea. The genetic diversity and population differentiation in the two remnant populations of the species were investigated using RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) analysis. The Neis gene diversities were 0.146 in the smaller population of 45 individuals, and 0.151 in the larger population of 61 individuals. The genetic variation was not significantly different between these two populations. Genetic diversity within populations was not low considering the very small size of populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed higher variation within populations (65.9%) than genetic differentiation between them (34.1%). B. latissimum revealed higher population differentiation than other outbreeding species. The differentiation of the populations corresponded to low gene flow (Nem = 0.482). The cluster and principal coordination analyses provide strong support for high population differentiation, showing that all individuals of the two populations have built up population-specific clusters. Although gene flow between the two populations of B. latissimum was limited, they have preserved relatively high levels of genetic variation.