• ETRI Journal
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.518-526
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• 2020

This paper presents an efficient hardware random-number generator based on a beta source. The proposed generator counts the values of "0" and "1" and provides a method to distinguish between pseudo-random and true random numbers by comparing them using simple cumulative operations. The random-number generator produces labeled data indicating whether the count value is a pseudo- or true random number according to its bit value based on the generated labeling data. The proposed method is verified using a system based on Verilog RTL coding and LabVIEW for hardware implementation. The generated random numbers were tested according to the NIST SP 800-22 and SP 800-90B standards, and they satisfied the test items specified in the standard. Furthermore, the hardware is efficient and can be used for security, artificial intelligence, and Internet of Things applications in real time.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.316-324
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to develop a ratio scale to measure job satisfaction of nurses and health workers in health centers. Of the 224 health centers in Korea, 105 were drawn as the sample using disproportion리 stratified random sampling. The data collection period was from May 1 to June 30, 1990 and 771 nurses and health workers working at 75 health centers participated. Subjects were instructed to rate, according to the level of satisfaction, from one to four points, 42 items revised from the tool made by Stamps et. al. (1978). The internal consistency reliability of the tool was measured by Cronbach $\alpha$ and the corrected item-total correlation coefficient. As a result of the item analysis, one item was excluded since the item had negative correlation with total items. As a result of factor analysis on the 41 items with varimax or above. Labeling and numbering of 6 factors were as follows ; factor 1 (8 items) ; Professional status of job. factor 2 (6 items) ; Interaction. factor 3 (8 items) ; Autonomy. factor 4 (8 items) ; Administration. factor 5 (7 items) ; Pay. factor 6 (4 items) ; Job(Task). Further studies are needed to identify the relationship between this tool and the effectiveness of the health center and more research is needed for generalization.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 1995년도 춘계공동학술대회논문집; 전남대학교; 28-29 Apr. 1995
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• pp.749-749
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• 1995

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.41-57
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to make a selection criteria for Home Economics textbooks in the middle school. For this purpose, first, the criteria were out by collecting, analyzing and synthesizing the literature. Second, questionnaire survey of the 6 selection criteria was performed. Questionnaire sent to Home Economics teachers of 401 middle school selected by systematic random sapling, 233 questionnaire were received and 220 questionnaire were analyzed for this study. As a statistical tool, SPSSWIN was used to analyze frequency, mean, standard deviation, and factor analysis. The research findings were as follows ; 1. Now for kinds of Home Economics textbooks are mainly used. At that time when textbooks were selected, these selections were made upon deliberation with the teachers in charge and in future this method will be desirable. Most home economics teachers realize that the selection criteria is needed to improve the objectivity of textbook selection. 2. As a result of making factor analysis, the selection criteria were revised that 52 items in 7 categories were chosen as textbook criteria plan. They consist of 5 items related to the outward form of textbook, 5 items related to the learning materials in textbook, 10 items related to the composition of textbook units, 11 items related to the guiding contents of textbook, 7 items related to the subject of experiment.practice, 9 items related to the composition of picture, photograph and diagram. and 7 items related to the use of instructional-learning method.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 1987

A stochastic model for an inventory system in which depletion of stock takes place due to random demand as well as random loss of items is studied under the assumption that the intervals between cussessive unit demands as well as those between cussessive unit losses, are independently and identically distributed random variables having negative exponential distributions with respective parameters .mu. and .lambda. It is further assumed that leadtime for each order is an outstanding-order-dependent random variable. The steady state probability distribution of the net inventory level is derived under the continuous review (S -1, S) inventory policy, from which the total expected coast expression is formulated.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2021년도 제64차 하계학술대회논문집 29권2호
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• pp.183-186
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• 2021

현재 한국 게임 시장에서 주로 사용되는 비즈니스 모델인 이중 랜덤박스는 게임 내의 밸런스에 영향을 주고 게임의 재미를 더해 주지만 유저와 게임사 간의 갈등도 초래한다. 이에 대한 적절한 해결책을 연구하기 위해 이중 랜덤박스의 종류에 대해서 조사하고 사용자 설문을 통해 랜덤박스에 대한 유저들의 인식과 사용에 대한 생각을 조사한다. 그리고 이를 토대로 게임사와 유저 간 이중 랜덤박스 사용의 타협점을 제안하고자 한다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.165-186
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• 2024

학교 현장과 대규모 평가에서 서술형 문항 도입을 지원하기 위한 방안 중 하나로 인공지능 기반의 자동 채점 기술이 주목받고 있음에도 불구하고, 수학 교과에서는 타 교과에 비해 이에 대한 기초 연구가 부족한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구는 중학교 1학년 수학 서술형 문항 두 개를 대상으로 랜덤 포레스트 알고리즘을 활용하여 자동 채점 모델을 개발하고 그 성능을 평가하였다. 연구 결과, 두 문항에 대한 최종 모델의 평가요소별 정확도는 각각 0.95-1.00, 0.73-0.89의 범위로 나타났으며, 이는 타 교과에 비해 상대적으로 높은 수준이다. 데이터의 양을 고려한 평가 범주 설정의 중요성을 확인하였으며, 수학 교육전문가에 의한 텍스트 전처리와 데이터 특성에 맞는 벡터화 방법의 선택이 모델의 성능 및 해석 가능성을 향상시키는 데 기여하였다. 또한, 현실적 한계로 인해 균형적인 데이터 수집이 어려운 상황에서 오버샘플링이 성능을 보완하는 유용한 방법임을 확인하였다. 교육적 활용도를 높이기 위해, 랜덤 포레스트 기반 모델에서 도출된 특성 중요도를 활용하여 피드백과 같이 교수-학습에 유용한 정보를 생성하는 추가 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구는 수학 서술형 자동 채점에 관한 기초 연구로서 의미가 있으며, 인공지능 전문가와 수학교육 전문가 간의 긴밀한 협력을 통해 다양한 후속 연구가 진행될 필요가 있다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.18-24
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• 1976

This study to find out the causes and degree of anxiety experienced by hospitalized patients, with the objective of instituting improvement of Nursing care program based on the needs of patients. The present study was carry out from July 1 , 1975 to October 10, 1975 with 168 patients random sampling from those admitted of Kyung Hee Medical Center. The Questionnaire form included 47 questions which are considered to be anxiety events for admitted patients and was divided into four areas namely, such events related to 1) hospital environment, 2) Psychology and emotion, 3) Nursing care and treatment, and 4 )Education. The results of the study were as follows : 1) Most of the respondents (70.09%) felt uneasy about their disease affected by the behaviors of medical personnel. 2) Regarding the correlation between anxiety felt by patients and their educational level. Only 9 sub- items of 47 items showed significant difference. 3) There was revealed no particular significance in the correlation between anxiety felt by patients and period of hospitalization. 4) Only 5 sub- items out of 47 items showed significant difference ill the correlation between anxiety felt by patients and previous experience of operation. 5) Only 3 sub-items out of 47 items showed signigicant difference in the correlation between anxiety felt day patients and previous experience of hospitalization. 6) Regarding the extent of anxiety felt by patients, "insufficient explanation about meals" showed the highest score followed. "The visit of physicians and Nurses to the patient is too frequent " showed the lowest score and "Nurses change too frequently the physical posture of patients" followed.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2020

정보보안 응용을 위한 참난수 발생기(true random number generator; TRNG)의 하드웨어적 구현에 대하여 기술한다. 셀룰러 오토마타에 무작위 천이규칙을 도입하고, 매 시간단계마다 다른 천이규칙이 적용되는 새로운 방법을 제안하였다. 설계된 참난수 발생기를 Spartan-6 FPGA 소자에 구현하고, 100 MHz 동작 주파수에서 난수 생성동작을 검증하였다. FPGA 소자에 구현된 참난수 발생기로부터 2×10⁷ 비트의 난수 데이터를 추출하여 NIST SP 800-22 테스트를 통해 생성된 난수 데이터의 무작위 성능을 검증하였으며, 15개의 테스트 항목 모두 기준을 충족하는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 논문의 참난수 발생기는 Spartan-6 FPGA 소자의 139 슬라이스로 구현되었고, 100 MHz 동작 주파수에서 600 Mbps의 참난수 생성 성능을 갖는다.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 1985

A stochastic model for an inventory system in which depletion of stock takes place due to random demand as well as random loss of items is studied under the assumption that the intervals between successive unit demands, as well as those between successive unit losses are independently and identically distributed random variables having negative exponential distribution with respective parameters. We have derived the steady state probability distribution of the stock level assuming instantaneous delivery of order under (s, S) inventory policy. Also we have derived total expected cost expression and the necessary conditions to be satisfied for an optimal solution.