• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.436-442
• /
• 1998

Radioactive iodine treatment has been widely used for nearly 50 years in the treatment of thyroid cancer to ablate residual thyroid tissue after thyroidectomy and to treat metastatic disease. Leukemia is a rare complication associated with the radioactive iodine therapy. The occurrence of leukemia is known to be related to the cumulative dosage of I-131 more than 37 GBq (1 Ci) and also associated with the intervals of less than 12 months between the repeated doses. We report a case of a 52 year-old female patient with papillary cancer of thyroid who developed acute myelogenous leukemia after the total 20.4 GBq (550 mCi) of I-131 therapy over 3.2 years and palliative radiation therapy (3000 cGy) due to multiple bone metastasis of papillary cancer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2017.05a
• /
• pp.239-240
• /
• 2017

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.53 no.5
• /
• pp.1519-1523
• /
• 2021

Radioactive iodine (¹³¹I) released from nuclear power plants has been a critical environmental concern for workers. The effective trapping of radioactive iodine isotopes from the off-gas stream generated from nuclear facilities is an important issue in radioactive waste treatment systems evaluation. Numerous studies on retaining methyl iodide (CH₃I¹³¹) by impregnated activated carbons under the high content of moisture have been extensively studied so far. But there have been no good results on how to remove methyl iodide at high humid conditions up to now. A new challenge is to introduce other promising impregnating chemical agents that are able to uptake enough radioactive methyl iodide under high humid conditions. In order to develop a good removal efficiency to control radioiodine gas generated from a high humid process, activated carbons (ACs) impregnated with triethylene diamine (TEDA) and qinuclidine (QUID) were prepared. In addition, the removal efficiencies of the activated carbons (ACs) under humid conditions up to 95% RH were evaluated by applying the standard method specified in ASTM-D3808. Quinuclidine impregnated activated carbon showed a much higher decontamination factor above 1,000, which is enough to meet the regulation index for the iodine filters in nuclear power plants (NPPs).

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Despite the importance of a low-iodine diet (LID) for thyroid cancer patients preparing for radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy, few studies have evaluated dietary intake during LID. This study evaluated the amount of dietary iodine intake and its major food sources during a typical diet and during LID periods for thyroid cancer patients preparing for RAI therapy, and examined how the type of nutrition education of LID affects iodine intake. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 92 differentiated thyroid cancer patients with total thyroidectomy were enrolled from Seoul National University Hospital. All subjects completed three days of dietary records during usual and low-iodine diets before $^{131}I$ administration. RESULTS: The median iodine intake was $290{\mu}g/day$ on the usual diet and $63.2{\mu}g/day$ on the LID. The major food groups during the usual diet were seaweed, salted vegetables, fish, milk, and dairy products and the consumption of these foods decreased significantly during LID. The mean energy intake on the LID was 1,325 kcal, which was 446 kcal lower than on the usual diet (1,771 kcal). By avoiding iodine, the intake of most other nutrients, including sodium, was significantly reduced during LID (P < 0.005). Regarding nutritional education, intensive education was more effective than a simple education at reducing iodine intake. CONCLUSION: Iodine intake for thyroid cancer patients was significantly reduced during LID and was within the recommended amount. However, the intake of most other nutrients and calories was also reduced. Future studies are needed to develop a practical dietary protocol for a LID in Korean patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.28 no.12
• /
• pp.1155-1159
• /
• 1995

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is a slow growing tumor with relative good prognosis. But locally advanced thyroid cancer with T4 or N1b is difficult to manage. Between June 1988 and April 1995, we resected 8 advanced thyroid cancers trans-sternally. All patients had direct mediastinal extension [T4 or mediastinal lymph node metastasis [N1b with airway obstruction or dysphagia. We operated all the patients by partial or total sternotomy for mediastinal dissection along with thyroidectomy and radical neck dissection. There were some acceptable morbidities but no operative mortality. Postoperative radioactive iodine therapy was followed without side effects. Follow-up survival period was between 11 months to 81 months with 2 late mortalities [17 month, 30 month . Although definite benefit for routine mediastinal dissection in thyroid cancer has not been established, in locally advanced cases impending airway obstruction or dysphagia who have questionable effect by radioactive iodine therapy alone, aggressive mediastinal mass dissection including lymph node metastasis has the significant role to prevent the patients from suffocation & dysphagia, and to enhance the effect of followed radioactive iodine tharapy.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.3-6
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The treatment of thyroid cancer patients was continuously increased. According to the increment of thyroid cancer patients, the establishment of iodine therapy site was also increased in each hospital. This treatment involves the administration of radioactive iodine, which will be given in the form of a capsule. Therefore, protections and managements for radioactive source pollution and radiation exposure should be necessary for radiation safety. Among the many problems, the problem of disposing the radioactive wastes was occurred. In this study, The date for self-disposal for radioactive wastes, which were contaminated in clothes, bedclothes and trash, were calculated. Materials and Methods: The number of iodine therapy ward was 15 in Korea Institute of Radiological Medical and Sciences. Recently, 8 therapy wards were operated for iodine therapy patients and others were on standby for emergency treatment ward of any radiation accidents. Radioactive wastes, which were occurred in therapy ward, were clothes, bedclothes, bath cover for patients washing water and food and drink which was leftover by patients. Each sample was hold into the marinelli beaker (clothes, bedclothes, bath covers) and 90 ml beaker (food, drink, and washing water). The activities of collected samples were measured by HpGe MCA device (Multi Channel Analysis, CANBERRA, USA) Results: The storage period for the each kind of radioactive wastes was calculated by equation of storage periods based on the measurement outcomes. The average storage period was 60 days for the case of clothes, and the maximum storage period was 93 days for patient bottoms. The average storage period and the maximum storage period for the trash were 69 days and 97 days, respectively. The leftover foods and drinks had short storage period (the average storage period was 25 days and maximum storage period was 39 days), compared with other wastes. Conclusion: The proper storage period for disposing the radioactive waste (clothes, bedclothes and bath cover) was 100 days by the regulation on self-disposal of radioactive waste. In addition, the storage period for disposing the liquid radioactive waste was 120 days. The current regulation for radioactive waste self-disposing was not suitable for the circumstances of each radioactive therapy facility. Therefore, it was necessary to reduce the leftover food and drinks by adequate table setting for patients, and improve the process and regulation for disposing the short-half life radioactive wastes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2017.10a
• /
• pp.215-216
• /
• 2017

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2012.10a
• /
• pp.225-226
• /
• 2012

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
• /
• v.42 no.5
• /
• pp.375-382
• /
• 2008

A low iodine diet (LID) is the recommended preparation for radioactive iodine treatment. However, the recommended duration and stringency of LID are different among each recommendation. More stringent LID is expected in Korea because Korea is a iodine-rich region. We investigated the decrement of urine iodine excretion by two-week stringent LID for remnant thyroid ablation with radioactive iodine in Korean patients with thyroid cancer, prospectively. Material and Method: From November 2006, patients who referred to our hospital for remnant ablation after total thyroidectomy were included in this study. To decrease total body iodine, our protocol included three strategies. First, we checked medication which could inhibit the radioactive iodine uptake. Second, the date of 1-131 treatment was scheduled at least 3 months later if contrast agent had been used. The last strategy was two-week stringent LID education by specialized nutritionist. Before and after two-week stringent LID, 24hr-urine iodine was analyzed respectively. 24hr-urine creatinine was also analyzed for determining more valid 24hr urine sampling subgroup. Results: Total 51 patients were finally enrolled. Average of 24hr-urine iodine excretion was significantly lowered ($787{\pm}2242\;{\rightarrow}\;85{\pm}85\;{\mu}g/d$, p=0.03) after LID and 74.4% of patients reached below the recommended urine iodine excretion level ($<100\;{\mu}g/d$). In subgroup (n=14), similar results was showed ($505{\pm}666\;{\rightarrow}\;99{\pm}116\;{\mu}g/d$, p=0.05) and 78.6% of patients met the criteria. Conclusion: Most patients could reach below the recommended urine iodine level after two-week stringent LID. Therefore, in our opinion, at least two-week stringent LID should be recommended in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.28-34
• /
• 2018

Purpose With regard to the use of radioiodine in domestic medical institution, the case of exceeding the allowance of nuclear safety Act about radioactive concentration in drainage was found. Through understanding the cause of exceeding case and analyzing radioactive concentration in drainage, evaluating the relationship of the public waters in surroundings and usefulness. Materials and Methods From November 1, 2014 to April 30th, 2015, the research is aiming at domestic twenty hospitals for six months. By using a HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer(Canberra DSA-1000) and GENIE-2000 Analysis software for comparative analysis, measuring a radioactive concentration of radioiodine in drainage. Consequently, we confirm the excess of radioactive concentration of radioiodine in seven medical institutions. Results Conducting a survey of twenty hospitals and average radioactive concentration of radioiodine in drainage appears $42,100Bq/m^3$. The features of domestic hospitals where show a high radioactive concentration are a number of medical treatment patient when using radioactive iodine and the absence of private rest room. During I-131 whole body scan, the pretreatment procedure of urinating is considered emission of residual Iodine. In public waters, the cause of exceeding detect on radioactive concentration in drainage suppose a diagnostic radioactive iodine. Conclusion We confirm the importance of enhanced education, providing a safety control instructions and installing a private rest rooms for patients who injected a low capacity radioiodine. Also, constructing institutional and legal management system is considered about the Emission management standard in drainage.