• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.76-86
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• 2007

This paper describes the RF performance issues of UE RF Transceiver for W-CDMA system based on 3GPP specifications. the parameters of transmitter and receiver are derived from the viewpoint of RF performance. In order for UE to achieve high performance, the transceiver performance requirements such as ACIR, EVM, Peak Code Domain Error, spectrum emission mask, frequency error stability and TX power control dynamic range for transmitter and reference sensitivity level, blocking characteristics, noise figure, ACS, linearity, AGC dynamic range for receiver are considered. On the basis of the required parameters, the UE RF transceiver is designed and then implemented. The evaluation of RF performance is accomplished through practical test scenarios.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have always mattered in agriculture too. In day-to-day practices of agriculture and allied sectors, the farmers often share their information. Changing weather patterns, soil conditions, pests and diseases always throw challenges to small and marginal farmers. So, the farmer needs up-dated information to cope with and even benefit from these changes. In the developing countries like India, where agriculture still plays a crucial role (over 58% of the rural households depend on agriculture as their livelihood) and the rising population from 1027 million to 1419 million during 2001-16 (a total rise of 38 percent or 1.3 percent per year) pose a lot of pressure on land and other resources to meet the food security needs on one hand and to meet the challenges of globalization on the other. Understanding and addressing these challenges are very crucial, in which ICT can play a major role. With the booming mobile, wireless, and Internet industries, ICT has found a foothold even in poor marginal and smallholder farms and in their activities. The survey conducted among the 120 farmers in Srikakulam district in India revealed that, ICT has revolutionized the agriculture in the modern days. Production and marketing information is accessed by 91% of the sample farmers through mobile in 2015, where it was only 5% in 2005. The extent of use of mobile phones by the farmers varied with the decision to be taken by them like Harvesting, packing, and storing (94%), Selling Decision (91%), Seed purchase (89%), Application of fertilizers and pesticides (88%) and Land preparation and planting (84%), other package of practices (77%). The farmers further opined that, 'Voice' was the dominating source of communication (96%) compared to Short Message Service (SMS) (only 27%) and Internet access (10%), as majority are illiterate. The use of camera (71%), Bluetooth (33%), Radio (61%) TV (41%) are the other means of sharing the information. In this context of importance of ICTs in Indian agriculture, greater attention justifies about the applications of ICT's to alleviate poverty and promote economic growth of the farming population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.sup2
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• pp.19-24
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• 2016

Quitline activity in Rajasthan, India is a voluntary activity of Rajasthan Cancer Foundation (RCF) since April 2013. To kick-off, it took the benefit of the State Government- PIRAMAL SWASTHYA (PS)1 collaborative 104 Health Information Helpline that existed already in public-private partnership. It is a reactive quitline that helps callers through the counselors and nursing staff trained specifically through the weekly sessions held by the first author, the RCF resource on quitline. Besides structuring of the scripts for primary intervention and follow-ups after 1 week, 1 month, 6 months and a year, he also monitors calls, advices and coordinates with the supervisors to manage and analyze the data base, and reports to the PS lead at the Jaipur Center on overall performance and to plan strategic communication with the State Government on its outcomes. The quitline has limitations of its informal existence through a voluntary effort of RCF, no specific resource allocation, suboptimal data management, minimal awareness in the masses due to poor IEC (Information, Education and Communication; except its efforts made by RCF in last 1 year through the government-run State TV and City Radio) and staff shortage and its attrition due to lack of plan for career advancement. Despite these challenges in the year 2013, the quit line has registered a quit rate (for complete abstinence) of 19.93% amongst 1525 callers. The quit rate were 58.01% (304/ 524) among the responders at the 3rd follow-up at 18 months (in September 2014)2. In view of an increase in quit rate by 5- 9 times over the prevailing quit rate in the former ever daily users [both smokers and the users of smokeless tobacco (SLT)], efforts are being made by RCF in concurrence with PS to have this cost-effective model established formally with optimal resource allocation in collaboration with willing agencies (the State and Central Governments and the International Quitline Agencies) and its replication in 4 more states where PS is collaborating with the respective state governments similarly (Assam, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Karnataka).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37A no.10
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• pp.885-894
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• 2012

Currently, Demand of data traffic has rapidly increased by popular of smart device. It is very difficult to accommodate demand of data traffic by limited resource of base station (BS). To solve this problem, method has proposed that the Device-to-Device (D2D) reduce frequency overload of the BS and all of the user equipment (UE) inside the BS and neighbor BS don't allow communicating directly to BS. However, in LTE-Advance system cellular link and sharing radio resources of D2D link, the strong interference of the cellular network is still high. So we need to eliminate or mitigate the interference. In this paper, we use the transmission power control method and Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR) resource allocation method to mitigate the interference of the cellular link and D2D link. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme has high performance in terms of Signal to Noise Ratio (SINR) and system average throughput.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38A no.4
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• pp.371-380
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• 2013

D2D (Device-to-Device) communication on an underlying cellular infrastructure which exploits the same spectrum has several advantages such as increased resource utilization and improved cellular coverage. However, D2D communication system needs to cope with ICI (Inter-Cell Interference) and interference between cellular and D2D links. As a result, macro UEs (User Equipments), especially those located near cell edge, will suffer from serious link performance degradation. We propose a novel interference avoidance mechanism assisted by SRN (Shared Relay Node) in this paper. SRN not only performs data re-transmission as a usual Type II relay but also has several features newly defined to avoid interference between cellular and D2D links. In particular, we suggest resource allocation methods based on the SRN for effective interference avoidance, and evaluate their performance through computer simulations.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.2530-2547
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• 2015

In the recent years, femtocell technology has received a considerable attention due to the ability to provide an efficient indoor wireless coverage as well as enhanced capacity. However, under the spectrum sharing between femtocell user equipment (FUEs) and the owner of spectrum macrocell user equipment (MUEs), both may experience higher uplink interference to each other. This paper proposes a novel distributed power control algorithm for the interference management in two-tier femtocell networks. Due to the assignment of licensed radio frequency to the outdoor macrocell users, the access priority of MUEs should be higher than FUEs. In addition, the quality of service (QoS) of MUEs that is expressed in the target signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) must always be achieved. On the other hand, we consider an efficient QoS provisioning cost function for the low-tier FUEs. The proposed algorithm requires only local information and converges even in cases where the frontiers of available power serve the target SINRs impossible. The advantage of the algorithm is the ability to implement in a distributed manner. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm based on our cost function provides effective resource allocation and substantial power saving as compared to the traditional algorithms.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.583-591
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• 2011

Status survey on short-term agricultural machinery rental business was conducted to provide basic data for effective and sustainable implementation of the rental system. Selected survey samples were 34 rental management institutions such as city and county level government offices and agricultural technology development centers, and Primary Agricultural Cooperatives. Survey was conducted through mailing of questionnaire papers and direct interviews with the officers in charge of the agricultural machinery short-term rental management. Number of agricultural machinery retained by the 34 management institutions for the machinery rental business was 3,699, and numbers of the machinery were 1630 for upland crops, 929 for rice, 542 for orchard farming, 274 for animal husbandry, and 324 for common use. Regarding size of warehouse for rental agricultural machinery, 50% of the institutes were less than 660 $m^2$, 26.5% were greater than 993 $m^2$, and 23.5% were between 663 and 990 $m^2$. Institutes maintaining machinery washing facilities were only 10 (29%) among the 34 rental management institutions. Agricultural machinery rental business was advertised to farmers by 91% of the institutes, and the methods were leaflet (35.2%), village broadcasting (26.5%), call-up education (23.6%), and TV and radio (14.7%). Major contents of the advertisement were rental procedure (52.9%), rental machinery (26.5%), and rental cost (20.6%).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.648-652
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• 2003

In the GPRS(General Packet Radio Service) network, the transport layer between SGSN(Serving GPRS Support Node) and GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node) is based on IP-Over ATM Network. which means that the connectionless IP traffic is transmitted through connection oriented ATM transport layer. Efficient resource management is needed to perform connection and disconnection of the pertinent VC because of the connectionless IP traffic being passed through ATM transport layer In this paper, Internet Web service traffic model in the GPRS network is applied to the various VC holding Cost Pricing Model. each method is compared through analyzing each VC utilization and setup rate.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.10
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• pp.3-10
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• 2014

In this paper, the performances of the presented D2D (device-to-device) systems under the environment of the cognitive convergent overlay networks are evaluated based upon the locations of the D2D users' terminals, the power consumptions of the terminals and the reductions of the interference levels. As the capabilities of the users' terminals improve, the optimization of the system is crucial to the efficient utilization of the radio resources of the individual networks considering their mobility and the features of their networks. Users' mobility model is given for the performance evaluation of the D2D system. In this paper, the performances of the D2D systems are evaluated in terms of the performance index of the FER (frame error rate) employing multiantenna techniques (MIMO:multiple input multiple output) for the various network environments.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.2A
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• pp.179-187
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• 2007

As wireless networks evolve to orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA) systems, inter-cell interference control becomes a critical issue in radio resource management. The allocation of the same channels in neighbor cells cause inter-cell interference, so the channel allocation needs to be taken carefully to lower the inter-cell interference. In distributed channel allocation, each cell independently tries to allocate channels that suffer low interference level. In this paper, under the assumption of static users, we introduce the concept of interference range and use it in designing our two algorithms; basic and combined. The basic algorithm performs interference range detection and determines whether to use the considered channel, while the combined algorithm checks the channel quality in addition to detecting the interference range. The two algorithms dynamically perform channel allocation with low complexity and show good throughput and fairness performance.