• 한국작물학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.97-101
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• 1988

담수 직파 재배시 벼 종자의 발아에 필요한 산소요구도 및 발아 특성을 검토하기 위하여 Japonica 형과 Ind.$\times$Jap. 품종을 공시하여 $25^{\circ}C$와 17$^{\circ}C$의 수온하에서 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. $25^{\circ}C$ 및 17$^{\circ}C$의 수온에서 침종후 용존산소 흡수 및 흡수속도는 Japonica 형인 낙동벼가 Ind.$\times$Jap. 형인 삼강벼에 비하여 컸다. 2. 수분흡수는 침종 2일까지는 품종간 차이가 작았으나 3일후부터 현저한 차이를 나타내어 낙동벼가 보다 더 많이 흡수하였다. 3. 침종후($25^{\circ}C$ 수온) 3일까지의 발아율 및 용존산소 흡수량은 Japonica 형 품종들이 Ind.$\times$Jap. 형 품종들보다 높았다. 4. 발아 및 종자근의 출현까지 $25^{\circ}C$의 수온하에서 Japonica 형 품종들은 각각 3, 4일 Ind.$\times$Jap.형 품종들은 각각 4, 5일이 소요되었으며 Japonica 품종들이 Ind.$\times$Jap.형 품종들 보다 용존산소의 총흡수량이 적어서 발아시 산소요구도가 낮았다. 5. 침종 5일후의 초엽장, 종자근장, 발아율은 Japonica 형 품종들이 Ind.$\times$Jap.형 품종들보다 현저하게 컸다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.280-285
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• 1983

Subterraneum 클로바의 생장(生長)에 미치는 pH와 칼슘의 영향(影響) 및 품종간(品種間) 반회차이(反灰差異)를 수경재배(水耕栽培) 실험(實驗)으로 조사(調査)하였다. 1. 산성(酸性)(pH 4.5이하(以下))에서 발아율(發芽率)을 제외(除外)한 조사조(調査調)된 모든 생장요인(生長要因)이 저하(低下)되었다. 2. 산성(酸性)에 의한 생장장해(生長障害)는 높은 농도(濃度)의 칼슘(3.0mM)처리(處理)로 감소(減少)되었다. 3. 산성(酸性)에 대한 반응(反應)에는 품종간(品種間)에 차이(差異)가 있어 Mt. Barker는 조사(調査)된 세 품종중(品種中) 가장 높은 발아율(發芽率) 및 가장 긴 유근신장(幼根伸長)을 보였으나, 지상부(地上部) 및 근건물중(根乾物重), 근장(根長) 및 측근(側根)의 수(數)에 있어서는 Tallarook가 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.776-782
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• 2016

Salinity has been a threat to agriculture in some parts of the world; and recently, the threat has grown. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) may benefit plant growth, either by improving plant nutrition or producing plant growth hormones. The effects of rhizobacterial strains to attenuate the salinity stress on the germination of Chinese cabbage seeds were tested using four different concentrations of NaCl (50, 100, 150, and 200 mM). Also, PGPR strains were tested to enhance the early germination of Chinese cabbage seeds under normal conditions. Azotobacter chroococcum performed best with enhancing the radicle length of 4.0, 1.2, and 1.0 times at treatments of 50, 100, and 150 mM of NaCl, respectively. Additionally, significant differences were found in plumule length, A. chroococcum and Lactobacillus sp. showed remarkable activation either in normal or under stress conditions. Co-inoculation by three rhizobacterial strains (LAPmix) indicated synergistic effect to enhance the early germination of the seeds. The results of this study are promising for application of rhizobacterial strains that possess plant growth promoting traits to enhance the plant tolerance against salinity.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.138-142
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• 1999

An experiment was carried out to find out the changes in morphology, sugars, and $\alpha$-amylase activity during the priming of rice seeds (Oryza sativa L. cv. ＇Ilpumbyeo＇). For priming, seeds were soaked in -0.6 MPa PEG solution at 15$^{\circ}C$ for 4 days (properly primed) and at $25^{\circ}C$ for 4 and 10 days (over-primed) and dried at room temperature. The size of coleoptile and differentiated leaves of properly primed seeds were bigger and coleoptile was separated from the other part of embryo compared with non-primed and over-primed seeds. As priming of seeds advanced, compound starch grains in the endosperm disintegrated into tiny starch granules, and small holes were found in the tiny starch granules and a cavities developed between embryo and endosperm. The radicle and plumule of properly primed germinating seeds developed faster than non-primed and overprimed germinating seeds. Sucrose, maltose, and raffinose contents of properly primed seeds decreased, while content of glucose and fructose and $\alpha$-amylase activity increased. However, sugar content and $\alpha$-amylase activity of over-primed seeds were lower compared with non-primed seeds or properly primed seeds.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.598-604
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of simulated acid rain (SAR) on germination, growth, acid buffering capacity and nutrient leaching in Impatiens balsamina L. and Tagetes patula L.. In both species, germination was not inhibited at pH 4.0, but the germination rate decreased at the lower pH of 3.0, showing higher rate in Inpatiens balsamina L. than Tagetes patula L.. As the pH decreases, the growth of radicle was markedly decreased than that of hypocotyl in both species. The plant height, root length, leaf area, total dry weight, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were inhibited by SAR. The acid buffering capacity in the leaves were increased at pH 4.0, on the other hand, it was shown a tendency to decrease at pH 2.0 in both species. As the pH levels decreased from 5.6 to 2.0, the nutrient leaching from leaves was significantly increased in both species. Based on the results, there are a great difference in the responses to SAR between the two species. In general, Tagetes patula L. represented a higher tolerance to SAR than Impatiens balsamina L.. These results suggested that interspecific variation in the acid buffering capacity and nutrient leaching from leaves may be responsible for the interspecific susceptibility to SAR.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.285-296
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• 1985

To examine the differentiation and transition of vascular system in Prunus davidiana FR., the mature embyro and developing seedlings were embedded in paraplast and treated by clearing method. In mature embryo, the procambium was connected with the epicotyl-hypocotyl-radicle axis and cotyledons, whereas protophloem and protoxylem were restricted primarily to the mid-vein and two lateral veins of the cotyledonary base. With the onset of germination, protophloem and protoxylem were differentiated both acropetally and basipetally from the cotyledonary base. The first and second leaf traces appeared in the cotyledonary node, and then differentiated bidirectionally toward the epicotyl and the root tip. The 3rd to 6th leaf traces were connected with the cotyledonary traces in hypocotyl. At the part of the root tip, the xylem was a diarch. As the first and second leaf traces were superimposed at the middle part of the root, the diarch xylem was changed to a tetrarch. As the cotyledonary traces were diverged below the root base, the tetrarch xylem was changed to an octarch. It was suggested that the vascular system of the epicotyl might be superimposed on that of the cotyledon-hypocotyl-root during the formation of the primary vascular system of Prunus davidiana.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.44-53
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• 2021

The present work aims to study the induction of somatic embryogenesis in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) from immature zygotic embryos and young apical leaves obtained from 2-month-old seedlings through acorn germination on sterilized peat. The immature zygotic embryos were grown for 1 month on the mineral solution of MS in the presence of 4.52 µM 2,4-D and 30 g/L sucrose. They were then transferred to the same mineral solution with no added growth regulators. In the third subculture, yellow somatic embryos, characterized by two voluminous cotyledons, were differentiated from the radicle of the immature zygotic embryos. The induction of somatic embryogenesis in young leaves required a series of transfers on different culture media containing 30 g/L sucrose and 100 mg/L myo-inositol. Secondary or recurrent somatic embryogenesis occurred within the immature somatic embryo radicles after 1 month of culture on growth regulator-free medium containing WPM macronutrients, MS micronutrients, and vitamins.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.160-166
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• 1997

전국에서 채집한 균주들 중 근권정착능력이 있는 균주를 선발하였다. 선발된 대부분의 균주들은 형광성 Pseudomonas속에 속하는 균주들이어고 이들 중 근권정착능력이 아주 우수한 B16과 V13을, 정착능력이 낮은 MC07과 X01을 시험에 공시하였다. 근권정착능력이 우수한 균주 B16과 V13은 종자 발아 초기단계에서의 증식 능력이 우수할 뿐만 아니라, 종자가 발아를 시작하여 유근이 나오는 시기에 이들의 정착밀도가 높았으며, 96시간이 지난 후에도 뿌리의 근단 부위에서 V13과 B16 균주들의 정착밀도가 높았다. 주사전자현미경(SEM)을 통하여 이들의 근권에서의 정착양상을 관찰한 결과, 정착능력이 우수한 균주들은 뿌리의 전반적인 부분에서 증식하고 근단 부위로 이동하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 그러나 정착능력이 낮은 균주들은 유근의 표면에 산발적으로 흩어져 증식한 것을 볼 수 있었다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.211-215
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• 1977

오이류 덩굴마름병균(Didymella bryoniae)의 포자형성에 미치는 배지, 근자외선광과 화광색형광등 12시간 교호조사와 계속암흑처리의 영향을 조사하였다. Didymella bryoniae를 감자한천과 V-8 juice 한천에 배양하였을 때 광선은 병자각 및 자양각의 형성을 촉진하였으나 계속 암흑처리구의 포자형성은 낮았다. 그러나 균주에 따라서는 무광하에서도 병자각과 자양각을 형성할 수 있었다. V-8 juice 한천에 배양했을 때 자양각의 형성은 근자외선 보다는 화광색광선에서 촉진되었다. 일반적으로 광원에 관계없이 V-8 juice 한천에 배양한 것이 감자한천에 배양한 것보다 포자의 형성이 양호하였다. 감자한천에서 배양된 C. bryoniae의 각균주는 병포자의 대부분이 무격막의 소형 병포자였음에 비하여 V-8 juice 한천에 배양한 것은 무격막의 대형 병포자 또는 1개의 격막을 가진 병포자로써 병든 종자의 배축상에 형성된 배포자와 흡사하였다. 자양각의 외관은 병자각과는 판이하였으며 유두상 각공위에 백색의 포자괴가 형성되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.112-117
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• 2000

This study was conducted to evaluate the drought tolerance of Japonica and Indica rice cultivars during germinating and seedling stages by using the polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution. Each 5 cultivars of Japonica and Indica were cultured from 14 days after seeding(DAS) to 21 DAS using the PEG solution in a moderate water potential (-0.63 MPa). The lengths of radicle and plumule during the germinating stage were inhibitied by the PEG treatment to about 50% and 85%, respectively. The application of PEG to the seedling of two rice types caused to inhibit the plant height and leaf age about 23 % and 10%, respectively. Shoot and root dry weights by PEG treatment were inhibited more severely in Japonica than those in Indica. The difference on delaying of leaf area expansion between both rice types was not found with treatment of PEG, while the leaf color was increased in both Japonica and Indica by 19.9% and 9.2%, respectively. The average photosynthetic ability was inhibited more in Japonica to 36.0% than did Indica to 27.9%. The stomatal conductance was severely affected by PEG treatment, and the degree was varied in both rice types, ranged with 80-85% in Japonica and 29.3-81.6% in Indica. These results indicate there is little relationship between seed germination and seedling growth under the stress of low water potential.