• 제목/요약/키워드: Radiations

검색결과 214건 처리시간 0.026초

비전리방사선의 검출 및 측정 (Detection and Measurement of Non-ionizing Radiations)

  • 이재기
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.155-162
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    • 1995
  • 비전리방사선에 대한 방호의 관점에서 현재의 검출 및 측정기술을 검토하였다. 특히 전파와 자외선을 중심으로 노출계측량, 측정기기 및 측정 시 고려사항을 설명하였다. 전파장에 대해서는 실제 파원별로 출력밀도의 수준을 요약하여 실무에 참고가 되게 하였다. 대체로 비 전리방사선의 측정에는 아직 큰 오차가 있으므로 늘어나는 비 전리방사선원과 이로 인한 유해한 건강영향에 대한 대중의 관심을 고려하면 비 전리방사선 측정기술의 개발수요는 크다.

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Sensitivity and uncertainty quantification of neutronic integral data in the TRIGA Mark II research reactor

  • Makhloul, M.;Boukhal, H.;Chakir, E.;El Bardouni, T.;Lahdour, M.;Kaddour, M.;Ahmed, Abdulaziz;Arectout, A.;El Yaakoubi, H.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제54권2호
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    • pp.523-531
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    • 2022
  • In order to study the sensitivity and the uncertainty of the Moroccan research reactor TRIGA Mark II, a model of this reactor has been developed in our ERSN laboratory for use with the N-Particle MCNP Monte Carlo transport codes (version 6). In this article, the sensitivities of the effective multiplication factor of this reactor are evaluated using the ENDF/B-VII.0, ENDF/B-VII.1 and JENDL-4.0 libraries and in 44 energy groups, for the cross sections of the fuel (U-235 and U-238) and the moderator (H-1 and O-16). However, the quantification of the uncertainty of the nuclear data is performed using the nuclear code NJOY99 for the generation and processing of covariance matrices. On the one hand, the highest uncertainty deviations, calculated using the ENDFB-VII.1 and JENDL4.0 evaluations, are 2275, 386 and 330 pcm respectively for the reactions U235(n, f), $ U_{235}(n\bar{\nu})$ and H1(n, γ). On the other hand, these differences are very small for the neutron reactions of O-16 and U-238. Regarding the neutron spectra, in CT-mid plane, they are very close for the three evaluations (ENDF/B-VII.0, ENDF/B-VII.1 and JENDL-4.0). These spectra present two peaks (thermal and fission) around the energies 0.05 eV and 1 MeV.

Trichel Pulse in Negative DC Corona discharge and Its Electromagnetic Radiations

  • Zhang, Yu;Liu, Li-Juan;Miao, Jin-Song;Peng, Zu-Lin;Ouyang, Ji-Ting
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.1174-1180
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    • 2015
  • We investigate in this paper the radiated electromagnetic waves together with the discharge characteristics of Trichel pulse of negative DC corona discharge in air in pin-to-plate and wire-to-plate configurations. The feature of the current pulse and the frequency spectrum of the electromagnetic radiations were measured under various pressures and gas gaps. The results show that the repetition frequency and the amplitude of Trichel pulse current depend on the discharge conditions, but the rising time of the pulse relates only to the radius of needle or wire and keeps constant even if the other conditions (including the discharge current, the gas gap and the gas pressure) change. There exists the characterized spectrum of electromagnetic waves from negative corona discharge in Trichel pulse regime. These characterized radiations do not change their frequency at a given cathode geometry even if the averaged current, the gas gap or the air pressure changes, but the amplitude of radiations changes accordingly. The characterized electromagnetic radiations from Trichel pulse corona relate to the formation or the rising edge of current pulse. It confirms that the characterized radiations from Trichel pulse supply information of discharge system and provide a potential method for detecting charged targets.

NTP-ERSN verification with C5G7 1D extension benchmark and GUI development

  • Lahdour, M.;El Bardouni, T.;El Hajjaji, O.;Chakir, E.;Mohammed, M.;Al Zain, Jamal;Ziani, H.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제53권4호
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    • pp.1079-1087
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    • 2021
  • NTP-ERSN is a package developed for solving the multigroup form of the discrete ordinates, characteristics and collision probability of the Boltzmann transport equation in one-dimensional cartesian geometry, by combining pin cells. In this work, C5G7 MOX benchmark is used to verify the accuracy and efficiency of NTP-ERSN package, by treating reactor core problems without spatial homogenization. This benchmark requires solutions in the form of normalized pin powers as well as the vectors and the eigenvalue. All NTP-ERSN simulations are carried out with appropriate spatial and angular approximations. A good agreement between NTP-ERSN results with those obtained with OpenMC calculation code for seven energy groups. In addition, our studies about angular and mesh refinements are carried out to produce better quality solution. Moreover, NTP-ERSN GUI has also been updated and adapted to python 3 programming language.

일부 대학생의 방사선이용에 대한 태도 (Attitudes on the Use of Radiations in Some College Students)

  • 한은옥;이준일
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.219-235
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    • 2006
  • 방사선이용에 대한 중요도에 비추어 볼 때 일반인 중 지식수준이 높은 대학생을 중심으로 한 방사선이용에 대한 태도 연구는 미미한 실정이므로 방사선이용에 대한 태도 특성을 파악하여 방사선이용에 대한 태도수준 향상을 위한 교육에 필요한 시사점을 도출하고자 대학생 517명을 대상으로 2005년 10월 10일부터 5일간에 걸쳐 설문조사를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 방사선 관련 교육을 받은 경험이 있는 경우는 주전공과 월수입에 따라서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 둘째, '내가 살고 있는 곳에 종합병원이나 대학병원이 설치되는 것을 찬성한다.'가 $3.73{\pm}1.00$점으로 가장 높은 태도수준을 나타냈고 '내가 살고 있는 지역에 방사성폐기물 처리장이 설치되는 것을 찬성한다.'가 $2.63{\pm}1.09$점으로 가장 낮은 태도수준을 나타냈다. 셋째, '우리나라의 원자력 발전소 및 방사성폐기물 처리장의 설치찬성'의 태도 수준에 비해 '거주지의 원자력발전소 및 방사성폐기물 처리장의 설치 찬성'의 태도수준이 낮게 나타났다. 넷째, 태도수준이 가장 낮은 '거주지역에 방사성폐기물 처리장이 설치되는 것을 찬성한다'에 대해서 성별, 학년에 따라 유의한 차이를 나타냈다.

일부 대학생의 방사선이용에 대한 지식, 의식도 및 태도 (Knowledges, consciousnesses, and attitudes of some university students on the use of radiations)

  • 한은옥;박병섭
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.221-230
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    • 2005
  • 방사선 안전문화가 생활화 될 수 있도록 시대적 환경에 부합되는 방사선안전에 대한 전 국민적 인식 전환이 필요하다. 일반인 중 사회여론 형성에 적극적이고 지식수준이 높은 대학생을 중심으로 방사선이용에 대한 지식, 의식도 및 태도를 파악하여 방사선이용에 대한 올바른 정보제공을 위한 교육프로그램에 필요한 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 일부 대학생 528명을 대상으로 2005년 10월 10일부터 10월 15일까지 설문조사를 실시하였다. 방사선이용에 대한 교육을 받지 않은 경우 415명(80.7%), 교육을 받지 못한 이유로는 '교육 기회가 없어서' 265명(77.9%)으로 높은 빈도를 보였다. 방사선 이용에 대한 기초지식은 총 점 15점을 만점으로 전체 $5.96{\pm}2.90$점으로 낮게 나타났고 방사선이용에 대한 의식도는 평균 5점을 만점으로 전체 $3.65{\pm}0.50$점으로 나타났으며 방사선이용에 대한 태도는 평균 5점을 만점으로 전체 $3.23{\pm}0.46$점으로 나타났다.

Synthesis, physical, optical and radiation shielding properties of Barium-Bismuth Oxide Borate-A novel nanomaterial

  • B.M. Chandrika;Holaly Chandrashekara Shastry Manjunatha;K.N. Sridhar;M.R. Ambika;L. Seenappa;S. Manjunatha;R. Munirathnam;A.J. Clement Lourduraj
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제55권5호
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    • pp.1783-1790
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    • 2023
  • Barium Bismuth Oxide Borate (BBOB) has been synthesized for the first time using solution combustion technique. SEM analysis reveal flower shape of the nanoparticles. The formation of the nanoparticles has been confirmed through XRD & FTIR studies which gives the physical and chemical structure of the novel material. The UV light absorption is observed in the range 200-300 nm. The present study highlights the radiation shielding ability of BBOB for different radiations like X/Gamma rays, Bremsstrauhlung and neutrons. The gamma shielding efficiency is comparable to that of lead in lower energy range and lesser than lead in the higher energy range. The bremsstrauhlung exposure constant is comparably larger for BBOB NPs than that of concrete and steel however it is lesser than that of lead. The beauty of BBOB nanoparticles lies in, high absorption of radiations and low emission of secondary radiations when compared to lead. In addition, the neutron shielding parameters like scattering length, absorption and scattering cross sections of BBOB are found to be much better than lead, steel and concrete. Thus, BBOB nanoparticles are highly efficient in absorbing X/Gamma rays, neutrons and bremsstrauhlung radiations.

4세대 방사광: 엑스선 자유전자레이저 (4th Generation Light Source: X-ray Free Electron Laser)

  • 한장희
    • 진공이야기
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    • 제3권4호
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    • pp.4-7
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    • 2016
  • An X-ray Free Electron laser facility (PAL-XFEL) has been built in Pohang Accelerator Laboratory to provide X-ray FEL radiations for photon users. The machine consists of a 10 GeV normalconducting S-band linear accelerator and two undulator beamlines. The hard and soft X-ray beamlines will provide FEL radiations with wavelengths of 0.6 to 0.1 nm and 4.5 to 1 nm, respectively. Beam commissioning of PAL-XFEL is ongoing and user service will start in 2017. In this report, the PAL-XFEL layout and the working principle are discussed.

형광물질의 방사선을 응용한 Random Nois (Application of Radiations for Random Noise)

  • 이계근
    • 전기의세계
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.8-12
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    • 1964
  • The study of the research for Random process have been recently increasing rapidly. There are many methods in generating of Random signal, however, mainly these are dependent upon utilizing of hot noise of resistance and noise of discharge tube. Consequently, it is not easy to obtain of Random Noise of stabilized low frequency. Therefore, I like to study over the result of principle and design in the method of obtaining the Random Noise with faint radiations of fluoresence materials.

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Dose metrology: TLD/OSL dose accuracy and energy response performance

  • Omaima Essaad Belhaj;Hamid Boukhal;El Mahjoub Chakir;Meryeme Bellahsaouia;Siham Belhaj;Younes Sadeq;Mohammed Tazi;Tahar El Khoukhi;Maryam Hadouachi;Khaoula Laazouzi
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제55권2호
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    • pp.717-724
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    • 2023
  • An essential step in evaluating and comparing the performance of two passive radiation dosimeter types, thermosluminescent (TLD) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), used by workers in environments with ionizing radiation for individual radiological monitoring and control of external exposure at various times (cumulative dose for 1 month), is to compare the measured dose accuracy, energy response, and coefficient of variation. In fact this performance study consists in determining the accuracy of both R(10) and R(0.07) which are considered as the ratios of the measured dose (Hp(10) or Hp(0.07)) to the delivered dose (Hp(10) or Hp(0.07)) for each photon energy. The validity of the results of this test is based on the acceptance limits of the ICRP and the international standard IEC-62387. The relative energy response used is normalized to the 137Cs 662 keV energy to find which energy response is closest to the ideal case, and the coefficient of variation that allows to determine the statistical fluctuation of the Hp(10) and Hp(0.07) doses. The results of the accuracy test for the OSL and TLD dosimeters are acceptable because they fall within the ICRP limits. For the energy response, the OSL performs better than the TLD for Hp(10) and Hp(0.07), and for the coefficient of variation, the OSL satisfies the requirements of ISO 62387 for both Hp(10) and Hp(0.07), while the TLD satisfies these requirements only for the measurement of Hp (0.07).