• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.45-52
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• 2008

As multiple functions arc required in a robot controller, RTOS(Real Time Operating System) should be adopted to manage complex situations, such as choosing most urgent task among competing ones. In this paper, we implemented RTAI(Real Time Application Interface) based robot controller for wafer handling robots including graphic simulator. We showed how multiple tasks are organized and also explained in detail about task priorities and execution periods. Finally, we presented simulation results.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.250-256
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• 2009

Suppressing residual vibrations of flexible materials cheaply is an important issue to increase productivity of automated factory using wafer or glass handling robots. In this paper, we present Linux/RTAI-based implementation of input shaping control for reducing residual vibrations of a mechanical system. Experimental results show that residual vibrations of the mechanical system are reduced up to 82% at a point-to-point linear motion.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.292-298
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• 2012

It is a real-time system that the system correctness depends not only on the correctness of the logical result of the computation but also on the result delivery time. Real-time Operating System (RTOS) is a software that manages the time of a microprocessor to ensure that the most important code runs first so that it is a good building block to design the real-time system. The real-time performance is achieved by using real-time mechanisms through data communication and synchronization of inter-task communication (ITC) between tasks. Therefore, test on the response time of real-time mechanisms is a good measure to predict the performance of real-time systems. This paper aims to analysis the response characteristics of real-time mechanisms in kernel space for real-time embedded Linux: RTAI and Xenomai. The performance evaluations of real-time mechanism depending on the changes of task periods are conducted. Test metrics are jitter of periodic tasks and response time of real-time mechanisms including semaphore, real-time FIFO, Mailbox and Message queue. The periodicity of tasks is relatively consistent for Xenomai but RTAI reveals smaller jitter as an average result. As for real-time mechanisms, semaphore and message transfer mechanism of Xenomai has a superior response to estimate deterministic real-time task execution. But real-time FIFO in RTAI shows faster response. The results are promising to estimate deterministic real-time task execution in implementing real-time systems using real-time embedded Linux.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.45-53
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• 2011

According to the necessity of measuring equipments for advanced military systems, real-time characteristics such as time determinism and execution accuracy pursuing low-latencies have become very important. With this reason, the market demand for real-time features in the general purpose operating system such as Linux has been enlarging. To meet these requirements, RTLinux and RTAI has been developed as dual-kernels based on Linux. However, developers should use assembler languages to facilitate real-time in RT-Linux, it is very difficult to deal with it. RTAI has disadvantage that it only provides soft real-time. To solve these problems, RTiK-Linux was developed. In this paper, we propose a new dual-kernel with hard real-time capabilities in Linux, called RTiK-Linux(Real-Time implemented Kernel for Linux). We first introduce related researches and then describe the design methodologies to guarantee the resolution which almost accords with the timer settings. Finally, we present the results of experimental measurements and analyze them in order to validate and evaluate the proposed RTiK-Linux.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.30 no.11 s.254
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• pp.1348-1357
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• 2006

In a hybrid three-layer control architecture(deliberative, sequencing, and reflexive), the lowest reflexive layer consists of resources, actions, an action coordinator, and motion controllers. Because the execution of individual components in the reflexive layer should be done in real-time, each component has to be simple and, due to this reason, the Linux-RTAI(Real-Time Application Interface for Linux) has been used as an operating system. In this paper, a navigation control architecture, which combines the components in the reflexive layer and the navigation-related modules in the sequencing layer, is proposed. And then, as basic components, four actions(Goto, Avoid, Move, and EmergencyStop) are designed. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed architecture and the performance of individual associated actions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.21-22
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• 2011

의료 기기, 항공 제어, 군 장비 등에서 쓰이는 임베디드 시스템은 특정한 목적만을 수행하기 위해 따로 설계된 시스템을 말한다. 이러한 임베디드 시스템에서는 정확한 시간을 예측하여 정해진 시간 안에 처리하기 위한 실시간성이 제공되어야 한다. 리눅스는 다수의 사용자가 이용하는 안정되고 검증된 운영체제로서 임베디드 시스템에서 많이 사용되며, 실시간성을 제공하기 위해 RTAI, RT-Linux를 이용한다. 하지만 RTAI는 Hard Real-time을 제공하지 못하는 문제점을 가지고 있고, RT-Linux의 경우 Hard Real-time은 제공하지만 많은 어셈 코드를 수정해야 하기 때문에 개발의 어려움이 있다. 또한 리눅스 커널에 실시간적 요소를 직접 추가하는 방법도 있지만 커널 코드를 수정할 때 마다 커널 컴파일을 해줘야 하는 문제점이 있다. 이에 따라 리눅스 상에서 실시간성을 제공해 주면서, 개발의 편의성을 제공 할 수 있는 방법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 실시간성을 제공하기 위한 타이머 핸들러 부분을 커널 코드로부터 분리하여 실시간성을 제공 해주며, 개발의 편의성을 제공할 수 있는 방법을 설계 및 구현하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1840-1845
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• 2005

The SoC and digital technology development recently enabled the emergence of information devices and control devices because the SoC present many advantages such as lower power consumption, greater reliability, and lower cost. It is required to use an embedded operating system for building control systems. So far, the Real-Time operating system is widely used to implement a Real-Time system since it meets developer's requirements. However, Real-Time operating systems reveal a lack of standards, expensive development, and license costs. Embedded Linux is able to overcome these disadvantages. In this paper, the implementation of control system platform using Real-Time Embedded Linux is described. As a control system platform, we use XScale of a Soc and build Real-Time control platform using RTAI and Real-Time device driver. Finally, we address the feasibility study of the Real-Time Embedded Linux as a Real-Time operating system for mobile robots.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.337-342
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• 2012

This paper presents performance evaluation of real-time mechanisms for real-time embedded linux. First, we presents process for implementing open-source real-time embedded linux namely RTAI and Xenomai. These are real-time extensions to linux kernel and we implemented real-time embedded linux over the latest linux kernel. Measurements of executions of real-time mechanisms for each distribution are performed to give a quantitative comparison. Performance evaluations are conducted in kernel space about repeatability of periodic task, response time of Semaphore, FIFO, Mailbox and Message queue in terms of inter-task communication for each distribution. These rules can be helpful for deciding which real-time linux extension should be used with respect to the requirements of the real-time applications.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.184-186
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• 2007

Currently many sensors and processing data in a robot based on USN environments need to real-time features. In this paper, we examine recent research trends on real-time operating systems, especially on real-time embedded Linux, RTAI and Xenomai, for intelligent robots. Xenomai is a real-time development framework and have special feature supporting RTAI, VxWorks, pSOS+ etc. through the "skin". This research gives a guide to researcher in using real-time embedded Linux in the sense of architecture, supporting real-time mechanisms, kinds of real-time device driver, performances.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.263-264
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• 2012

임베디드 시스템은 특정한 목적을 수행하기 위한 시스템으로써, 자동차, 항공, 조선, 원자력발전소 등 다양한 분야에 사용되고 있는 추세이다. 이러한 임베디드 시스템은 빠른 응답성 및 시간 결정성을 위한 실시간성의 지원여부를 중요시 한다. 하지만 임베디드 시스템에서 사용되고 있는 범용 운영체제인 리눅스의 경우, 실시간성을 제공하지 않는 문제점을 가지고 있기 때문에 실시간성 제공을 위해 RTAI, RT-Linux를 통해 실시간성을 제공하고 있다. 그러나 RTAI는 Hard Real-Time을 제공하지 못하고, RT-Linux는 커널코드를 수정할 때 마다 커널 컴파일을 해야 하는 문제점이 있다. 또한, 사용자가 잘못 구현한 Real-Time 태스크의 오류가 커널에 영향을 미쳐 커널을 멈추게 하는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 리눅스 상에서 실시간성을 제공하면서 개발의 편의성 및 커널의 독립성을 제공할 수 있는 연구가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 리눅스상의 사용자영역에서의 실시간성을 지원하기 위한 방법을 설계 및 구현을 하였다.