• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.18C no.5
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• pp.331-338
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• 2011

The RFID system includes a section of wireless communication between the readers and the tags. Because of its vulnerability in terms of security, this part is always targeted by attackers and causes various security problems including the leakage of secret and the invasion of privacy. In response to these problems, various protocols have been proposed, but because many of them have been hardly implementable they have been limited to theoretical description and theorem proving without the accurate verification of their safety. Thus, this study tested whether the protocol proposed by Kenji et al. satisfies security requirements, and identified its vulnerabilities such as the exposure of IDs and messages. In addition, we proposed an improved RFID security protocol that reduced the number of public keys and random numbers. As one of its main characteristics, the proposed protocol was designed to avoid unnecessary calculations and to remove vulnerabilities in terms of security. In order to develop and verify a safe protocol, we tested the protocol using Casper and FDR(Failure Divergence Refinements) and confirmed that the proposed protocol is safe in terms of security. Furthermore, the academic contributions of this study are summarized as follows. First, this study tested the safety of a security protocol through model checking, going beyond theorem proving. Second, this study suggested a more effective method for protocol development through verification using FDR.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.459-468
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• 2019

Purpose: The cavity exploration of the lower part of the road is carried out to prevent ground-sinking. However, the detected communities cannot be identified by the cavity location and history information, such as repackaging the pavement. Therefore, the field applicability of RFID systems was evaluated in this study to enable anyone to accurately identify information. Method: During temporary recovery, tag recognition distance and recognition rate were measured according to underground burial materials and telecommunication tubes using RFID systems with electronic tag chips attached to the bottom of the rubber cap. Result: The perceived distance and perceived rate of depth for each position of the electron tag did not significantly affect the depth up to 15cm, but it did have some effect if the depth was 20cm. In addition, water effects from nearby underground facilities and rainfall are relatively small, and the effects of wind will need to be considered during the weather conditions of the road. Conclusion: The RFID tags for field application of the pavement management system store various information such as location and size of cavity, identification date, cause of occurrence, and surrounding underground facilities to maximize cavity management effect with a system that can be computerized and mobile utilization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.459-462
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• 2005

In this paper, we investigate the high precision location estimation algorithm in 2.45GHz band RTLS with multiple tags. The location is estimated in LOS environments, 300m ${\times}$ 300m area, and 2D coordinates adopting a TDOA scheme which is not necessitate the transmission time of tags. We evaluate the average estimation error in distance assuming that tags are randomly distributed and the readers(3${\sim}$8) are uniformly(equal space) placed in test area. In results, average estimation error is 3.12m and 1.47m at reader numbers of 4 and 8, respectively. Minimum estimation error is obtained when the accumulated receiving signal from a tag is 3 or 4 regardless of available reader numbers. The error is less than 3m, satisfies the specification of RTLS.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.1 s.343
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• pp.41-48
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• 2006

An anti-collision algorithm is very important in the RFID system because it decides tag identification time and tag identification accuracy. We propose improved anti-collision algorithms using Bin slot in RFID system. In the proposed algorithms, if the reader memorizes the Bin slot information, it can reduce the repetition of unnecessary PingID command and the time to identify tags. If we also use ScrollA11ID command in the proposed algorithm, the reader knows the sequence of collided E bits. Using this sequence, the reader can reduce the repetition of PingID command and tag identification time. We analyze the performance of the proposed anti-collision algorithms and compare the performance of the proposed algorithms with that of the conventional algorithm. We also validate analytic results using simulation. According to the analysis, for the random tag n, comparing the proposed algorithms with the conventional algorithm, the performance of the proposed algorithms is about $130\%$ higher when the number of the tags is 200. And for the sequential tag ID, the performance of the conventional algorithm decreases. On the contrary, the performance of the proposed algerian using ScrollA11ID command is about $16\%$ higher than the case of using random tag ID.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.135-141
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• 2018

Recently online e-commerce system is grew up rapidly comparing to offline commerce and is made up actively in all commerce field. Offline commerce is uneffective because it is very complicated for distribution structure and spend too much money. On the other hand, existing online e-commerce system is reluctant for purchase because of not having their confidence of fruit's freshness. Therefore in my paper, as e-commerce system based on IoT using each sensors, RFID tags and networks is suggested, consumer can see freshness of fruits and make order it by on-line having assurance of it. Also it shows that this objected-oriented analysis and design method is very useful for the build of common use system from now on.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.133-158
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• 2010

Since 11 September 2001, the awareness of terrorists' actions has clearly risen. The potential threat of terrorists using containers poses a large risk to our economies and to our societies. In order to protect cargo from damage and terrorist threats, business and government turn to RFID and IC tags, and tradition container is replaced by IC smart container. In this study, presented application of IC tag and future tasks to Container transport by sea in viewpoint of security strengthening. First, realization and international SCM realization structural order that cover container supply chain whole of international standardization and association between industry are certainly needed. Second, it may have to try in technical development for IC tag Ratio that can read elevation moment develop suitable IC tag or reader in International Standard. Third, Need to establish concrete use policy as soon as possible in national dimension at the same time effort for international standard normalization of frequency. Finally, it shows to uses jointly with electron sealing and must solve problem about usable plan and information leak.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.133-138
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• 2015

The basic idea of IoT(Internet of Things) is interconnection and cooperation with a variety of things in real life such as Radio-Frequency Identification(RFID) tags, sensors, mobile phone, etc, through internet. IoT technologies which applied to these fields consist of sensor network technology and middleware, application. Currently, IoT technology is applied to various fields such as health care, home care, automotive, transportation, construction, agriculture, environment, food, and etc, based on its technologies. This paper focuses on discussion of the game planning method in IoT environment. In order to achieve this purpose, first, introduce the IoT technologies. Second, propose a game design elements and considerations in IoT environments. It can help for game developers by using IoT technologies.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1477-1486
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• 2013

In this paper, Implementation of location estimation system using wireless communication technology based on Zigbee. Using wireless communication technology, calculation more accurate location information and service location information to the H/W and S/W has been developed. Receivers, repeaters, smart tag(location device), was developed for implement a location estimation system. The smart tag is built the 120~130KHz, 13~14MHz, 2.0~3.0GHz radio frequency tag. Receiver and repeater is applied to the tag module to recognize the location device's active RFID tags transmit a wireless signal for tag identification. Common Entrance control system in contact with a smart tag, It was implemented to transfer the value of the tag to the access control server over a LAN.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.316-319
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• 2008

Most of campus vehicle management systems, so far, have simple functions such as managing vehicle in/out or issuing parking tickets. Recently some of them use RFID tags to count total numbers of cars in the campus, excluding exact parking position management. In this paper we propose a new campus vehicle management system using wireless sensor network location management scheme. This system adopts RSSI based location management method with some performance improvement technique. According to the experimental result, this proposed scheme can be used to implement an effective campus vehicle management system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.999-1004
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• 2010

Most of campus vehicle management systems, so far, simply manages coming in or go out of vehicles, issuing a parking tickets. Recently some of them use RFID tags to count total numbers of cars in the campus, excluding exact parking position management. In this paper we propose a new campus vehicle management system using wireless sensor network location management scheme. This system adopts RSSI based location management method with some performance improvement technique. According to the experimental result, this proposed scheme can be used to implement an effective campus vehicle management system.