• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1987

This survey was carried out in four areas in southern Korea from May 1983 through April 1986. A total of 1, 717 house rats was caught by trapping technique throughout the 4 areas. The total of 1, 535 trombiculid mites (4 genera, 7 species) was found only among Rattus norvegicus. Six species were observed in Seoul and Yangsuri areas, and 5 species in Seongnam area. No trombiculid mites were found in the rats caught in Inchon area. The highest infection rate of trombiculid mites (25%) was recorded in the rats caught in Seongnam area. And Leptotrombidium palpale was abundant species in general (detection rate; 72.8%) In seasonal variation, the hightes number of trombiculid population was observed from October through December in all the areas surveyed, and especially Euschongastia koreaensis apperaed more in autumn and winter than in any other season. The values of specie diversity and evenness of trombiculid mites found in Yangsuri were comparatively higher than those from the other areas.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 1990

The patterns of serum proteins in seven species of Korean rodents were analyzed by immunoprecipitin, immunodiffusion, and immunoelectrophoresis. It is found that the serum proteins of each species were different with one another and thatntigenic divergence among the seven species seems to be enormous , ie., serological correspondence ranged from 99.6 in Rattus norvegicus caraco(suborder Myomorpha) to 2.7 in Tamias sibircus asiaticus (suborder sciuromorpha). In the six species of the family Muridae (Suborder Myomorpha), the lowest value of 8.2 was shown in Clethrionmys rufocanus regulus (Subfamily Microtinae).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.959-960
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• 2009

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.165-178
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• 2020

This study investigated the exotic mammals introduced to Korea to present the basic data necessary for ecological risk assessment and the establishment of an alien species management database. For this purpose, a list of alien mammals introduced to Korea was established by investigating alien mammals introduced for zoo exhibits purposes, alien mammals in breeding environments traded between individuals, and alien mammals introduced into nature. A total of 163 taxa were identified as alien mammals introduced to Korea. There were 139 taxonomic groups of ornamental alien mammals, including 11 orders, 44 families, 129 species and 10 subspecies; 28 taxonomic groups of alien mammals traded between individuals, including five orders and 19 families; and eight taxonomic groups of alien mammals introduced into nature, including four orders, seven families, seven species, and one subspecies. For the effective management of alien mammals introduced to Korea, it is important to collect basic information, such as a list of all species introduced, their populations, and introduced areas. It is also necessary to apply proactive management policies according to the degree of potential risk by preemptively evaluating the ecological risks that may arise from the introduction of alien species into natural ecosystems. For the eight taxonomic groups of Capra hircus, Cervus nippon taiouanus, Felis catus, Myocastor coypus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Ondatra zibethicus, Ovis aries, and Rattus norvegicus identified to be introduced into the natural ecosystem of Korea, the provision of proliferation control measures at the national level, continuous monitoring of changes in diffusion trends, and immediate response based on the degree of change are required.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.259-264
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• 2001

Toxicological studies of two potential biological control agents, the entomopathogenic nematode (Steinernema carpocapsae) and the symbiotic bacteria (Xenorhabdus nematophilus) were conducted against two beneficial insects and one mammal species. Two microbial agents varied in their toxicities between two insect species: an ant, Pristomyrmex pungens, and silkworm, Bombyx mori. In oral toxicity test, the symbiotic bacteria resulted in significant lethal [half lethal concentration of $1.4$\times$10^3$colony-forming units (cfu)/ml] on the ants, while they gave little lethal effect (half lethal concentration of more than $10^{8}$ cfu/ml) on the silkworms. The nematodes, however, gave significant lethal effect [half lethal concentration of 4 infected juveniles (IJs)/ml] on the silkworms, while they did little lethal effect (half lethal concentration of 150,000 IJs/ml) on the ants in topical assays. Both the nematodes and the bacteria did not give lethal effect to the albino rats, Rattus norvegicus, when they were fed orally into the rats. Also, any of these microbial agents were not detected in the internal organs of the treated rats.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.13 no.3 s.20
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• pp.135-139
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• 1974

A survey on rodent damage to ripening rice was conducted in Sep.-Oct. in 1973 in order to indentify the habitat type which has the greatest influence on rodent populations and damage problems. Total 109 paddies were examined in three geographical regions in central part of Korea including Kangwon and Kyoungki Provinces, which represents mountainous, coastal and rice plain lands. Sample paddies were selected according to the neighboring or surrounding habitats as farm villages, upland-crop fields, grassy river banks, forests and rice plains. Snap trapping was also conducted in each of habitats. In April, 1974, field trips were taken to representative parts of Korea visiting farmers and rural guidance officers involving more than 100 people for the information of existing local problems. The general damage of rice was considerably low in 1973 averaging $63\%$ in early ripening varieties and $0.26\%$ in standard varieties, white the average lost in 1971 was $14.2\%$ in early ripening varieties and $2.7\%$ in standard varieties. But the most of severe damages was occurred within 50 meters (practically none beyond 100m) of farm villages, caused mainly by Norway rat (Rattus rottfus Caraco) and striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius). The examples of existing local problems confirmed that the rodent damage to field crops is closely associated with rodent populations that have survived the winter in and around farm houses and buildings.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.667-671
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• 2009

Visfatin (Nampt/PBEF) plays a pivotal role in the salvage pathway for $NAD^+$ biosynthesis. Its potent inhibitor, FK866, causes cellular $NAD^+$ levels to decline, thereby inducing apoptosis in tumor cells. In an effort to improve the solubility and binding interactions of FK866, we designed and synthesized IS001, in which a ribose group is attached to the FK866 pyridyl ring. Here, we report the crystal structure of rat visfatin in complex with IS001. Like FK866, IS001 is positioned at the dimer interface, and all of the residues that interact with IS001 are involved in hydrophobic or ${\pi}-{\pi}$-stacking interactions. However, we were unable to detect any strong interactions between the added ribose ring of IS001 and visfatin, which implies that a bulkier modifying group is necessary for a tight interaction. This study provides additional structure-based information needed to optimize the design of visfatin inhibitors.

• BMB Reports
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.146-150
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• 1996

A 2.1 kb cDNA clone for rat transketolase was isolated from rat liver ${\lambda}gt11$ cDNA library and its sequence was determined. The predicted rat transketolase (655 amino acids with $M_r$ 71,186) is highly similar (92%) to that of the human enzyme except that it contains an extra 32 amino acids at its N-terminus. Although it is less similar (<27%) to transketolases from non-mammalian species, the functional motifs such as the catalytic sites and thiamine binding domain are well conserved in the rat enzyme. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA verified that transketolase appears to be derived from a single gene. Immunoblot and Northern blot analyses suggested that hepatic transketolase was activated pretranslationally by a 2.1-fold while little change was observed in brain enzyme, indicating a tissue-specific pretranslational activation during postnatal development.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.295-301
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• 2007

Swiss Albino (Rat rattus norvegicus) rats were intraperitoneally injected with a 100 mg $kg^{-1}$ dosage of benzene, a toxic and carcinogenic agent widely used for industrial purposes. Changes in the adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in the liver, kidney and serum of rats were investigated at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 h following injection. Serum physiological was administered to each control group. Enzyme activities were measured spectrophotometrically. Our purpose was to further investigations of some diseases caused by benzene, and present evidence of variations in the activity of ADA enzyme effected by benzene. While benzene caused significant inhibitions in ADA activity in the liver at 16 and 32 h and at 0.05 probability level, no significant inhibition or activation occurred at other test periods (hours). ADA activity did not present any significant variation in the kidneys. It was observed that ADA activity displayed similar patterns in the control groups. Comparisons of ADA activities in the two groups showed a statistically significant decrease between $4^{th}$ and $64^{th}$ hours (p< 0.05), demonstrating a direct correlation between benzene and its effects on ADA enzymes.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.150-154
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• 2008

Twenty five albino rats were divided into five groups for conducting this experiment. The first group was for positive control (Vitamin C, ascorbic acid), the second group was of Panax ginseng (10 mg/kg body weight) treated group after bio-activity assay, the third group was of mercuric chloride treated group (0.033 mg/kg body weight) based on calculating $LD_{50}$ 9.26 mg/kg body weight by probit analysis, the fourth group was of mercuric chloride (0.033 mg/kg body weight) followed by Panax ginseng (10 mg/kg body weight) and the fifth group was Panax ginseng (10 mg/kg body weight) followed by mercuric chloride (0.033 mg/kg body weight) treated group. The interval between intake of Panax ginseng and mercuric chloride was of 2 hours in groups, fourth and fifth respectively. Comparative free radical scavenging property of Panax ginseng was studied under three in vitro models (role model for calculating scavenging activity) viz. DPPH method (hydroxyl free radicals), Nitric oxide method (nitrile free radicals) and Lipid peroxidation (mercury free radicals).