• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2003

This research was conducted to compare the dry matter production and the yield productivity among nine soybean cultivars by measuring the photosynthetic ability of the middle and lower leaves at the flowering and the seed development stages. The leaf greenness(SPAD value) were ranged as 32-42 at the flowering stage. Also, They were ranged as 25-40 and 38-51 at the fifth leaf and the seventh leaf, respectively. The photosynthetic ability at the flowering and the seed development stage showed significant differences among soybean cultivars, and the photosynthetic ability at the seed development stage showed higher difference among cultivars than the flowering stage. The variation of the photosynthetic ability at the flowering and the seed development stage also was significant among cultivars. The light saturation point at the flowering stage was about 1500 $\mu$mol $m^{-2}$ $s^{-1}$ PAR, and the seed development stage was about 1000 $\mu$mol $m^{-2}$ $s^{-1}$ PAR. The photosynthesis showed the high negative correlation with the leaf area and the positive correlation with the leaf area ratio. Also, photosynthesis at seed development stage showed positive correlation with grain yields but there was not significant between photosynthesis and yields at flowering stage..

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Recently, the need for a method to cultivate 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin has been increasing. However, there is limited information available as this is a new Satsuma mandarin cultivar, which was bred by the RDA in 2004. Many farmers who cultivate this cultivar follow the cultivation method similar to that used for 'Miyagawa' Satsuma mandarin, and suffer low production of optimum-sized fruits. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was conducted to find out the optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit for the stable production of high quality 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin fruits in a non-heated plastic film house. Seven-year-old 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin trees were used in the study. Before the treatment, the leaf-to-fruit ratio ranged from 5.7 to 17.9. The treatments included 10, 20, 30, and 40 leaves per fruit. The fruits were removed if over fruiting was observed at day 60 after full bloom. We investigated the fruit size and quality on the day of harvest. Flowering and fruiting patterns in each treatment were recorded for the following year. In the experiments, the flower-to-leaf ratio was 1.12 to 1.74. As the leaf-to-fruit ratio decreased, the fruit size and weight also decreased. Contrarily, the higher the ratio of leaf-to-fruit, the higher fruit size and weight were. It was noted that the ratio of 20:1 was ideal to produce the M grade optimum-sized Satsuma mandarin fruits on the day of harvest. However, higher ratio might result in fruits weighting above 100 g. There was no difference among the treatments in terms of fruit quality, such as total soluble solid contents, titratable acid, and color. In the subsequent years, flowering and fruiting in the treatments were lowered when the leaf number per fruit was 10, but they were improved when the leaf number per fruit was above 20. CONCLUSION: Based on the above results, the optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit was found to be 20:1 for flowering and fruiting of 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin. It is important that optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit is set as a standard to produce good grade and quality of 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin fruits.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.609-614
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• 1997

땅콩의 무효개화를 유제하여 정입율이 높은 재배법을 강구하기 위하여 C-MH를 개화후 24, 28, 31일에 0.2％액, 0.1％액, 0.067％액으로 달리하여 처리한 시험 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 주경장은 무처리에 비하여 38∼44％ 감소되었으나 분지수는 처리시기 및 처리농도에 관계없이 변화가 거의 없었다. 2. 처리후 28일의 개화유제율은 0.2∼0.1％액 처리시 29∼38％, 0.067％액 처리시 22％였다. 3. C-MH처리에 따른 완숙입율(=정입율)은 무처리구(56％)에 비하여 개화후 28일 처리시 55∼59％이고, 이 중 0.1％액 처리구에서 59％로서 3％가 향상되었다. 4. 개화후 28일에 0.1∼0.067％액처리구와 개화후 31일에 0.1％액처리구의 수량이 무처리구와 대등하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.130-133
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the decreased ratio of growth and yield by delayed seeding and flowering because drought of spring season often cause to delay seeding and sprout emergence. Equation of linear regression, y=-11.914x＋818.61 ($R^2$=0.916) and y=-16.96lx＋913.98 ($R^2$=-0.885) were derived from relationship between sowing date and yield of leading variety, Yangbaeckkae in 1999 and 2000, respectively. Yield was decreased by 7, 24, 40, 57, 74%, respectively, according as sowing date was delayed more 5, 15, 26, 36, 46 days than May 15, standard sowing date under the culture mulched with black P.E. film. Number of capsules per plant and length of stem bearing capsule were greatly decreased, while plant height, stem diameter, and day to flowering were affected little by delayed seeding date. Equation of linear regression, y=-0.7081x＋41.04 ($R^2$=0.861) was derived from relationship between flowering date and yield of 33 accessions. Yield was decreased by 7.7, 8.3, 9.2, 10.1, 11.2%, respectively, according as flowering date was delayed more 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 days than July 3, normal flowering date of Yangbaeckkae when it was sown on May 15, and the more flowering date was delayed, the more yield was decreased. Number of capsules per plant and length of stem bearing capsules were greatly decreased, but plant height and harvest index were decreased little by delay of flowering date

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.246-251
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• 1989

파종기 이동에 따른 결명의 개화와 결협 특성의 변이양상을 구명하기 위하여 1986년 4월 20일부터 6월 20일까지 20일 간격으로 4회에 걸쳐 파종하여 개화 및 협발달을 중심으로 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 4월 20일, 5월 10일 및 5월 30일 파종구의 개화시와 개화기간은 큰 차이가 없었으나 6월 20일 파종구의 개화시는 크게 늦어졌고 개화기간도 짧아졌다. 그러나 개화종자일은 어느 파종구나 비슷한 시기였다. 2. 주당 개화수, 착협수는 파종기가 늦어짐에 따라 감소하였으나 착협율과 결협율은 4월 20일, 5월 10일 및 5월 30일 파종구간에는 차이가 없었고 6월 20일 파종구에서는 크게 떨어졌다. 3. 어느 파종구에서나 개화시 이후 4일째부터 개화최성기가 시작되고 일정한 기간동안 일별 개화수가 비슷하게 유지되다가 개화종자일에 가까워지면서 개화수가 약간씩 감소하였다. 4. 결명은 주경 및 분지의 하위절에서부터 상위절로 올라가면서 피는 무한화서를 가지고 있었으며 주경의 결협률이 분지보다 높았다. 5. 어느 파종기에서나 개화시로부터 2주째에 핀 꽃들의 착협수 및 결협수가 가장 많았으며 그 이후 개화기가 늦어질수록 착협수와 결협수가 감소하였고 9월초순 이후에 핀 꽃들은 결협으로 연결되지 못하였다. 6. 4월20일, 5월10일 및 5월30일 파종구에서는 개화시로부터 2주째에 핀 꽃에서 발달된 협의 길이, 협당 종실수 및 천입중이 최대치에 달했으며 그 이후 개화기가 늦어질수록 감소하였다. 6월 20일 파종구는 꽃이 늦게 필수록 협장, 협당 종실수 및 천입중이 감소하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.437-442
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• 2002

선발된 단기개화성 유전자원의 개화 특성 및 농업적 형질을 구명하여 협실의 균일도 향상에 의한 상품가치가 높은 땅콩을 육성하고자 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 단기개화성 계통들의 출현기는 대광땅콩에 비하여 1-3일 빨랐으며, 개화기는 비슷하였으나, 개화기간은 대광땅콩이 52일인데 비하여 단기개화 계통들은 36-47일로써 5-16일이 짧았으며, 초형별로는 valencia type이 가장 짧았다. 2. 초형별 개화수는 virginia ＞ spanish ＞ valencia 순으로 적었으며, 40일 이하의 극단기개화 계통은 valencia type이 23%로 가장 많았다. 3. 초형별 차광에 따른 개화억제율은 대광땅콩의 63%에 비하여 valencia 43% ＞ virginia 35% ＞ spanish 10%순 이었으며, 농업적 형질별로 감소율은 valencia type이 가장 적었다. 4. 개화와 기상요인 상관정도는 온도와는 각 초형 공히 고도의 정의상관의 유의성이 있었으나, 일조시수와는 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 5. 초형에 따른 절위별 자방병 분포비율은 저위절(제1절과 2절)에서 virginia 97%, spanish 88%, ㅍ미두챰 93%로 대광땅콩의 85%에 비하여 3-l2% 높았으며, 절위별 착협 분포비율은 저위절(제1절과 2절)에서 virginia 100%, spanish 95%, valencia 96%로 대광땅콩의 74%에 비하여 21-26%높았다. 6. 개화 후 일수에 따른 성숙협 비율은 대광땅콩에 비하여 단기개화 계통들이 평균 12-17% 높았으며, 단기개화 계통들의 각 형질과의 상관은 개화시와 개화일수, 개화일수와 성숙협 비율과는 고도의 부 상관이었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1988

This experiment were carried out to study the heritability, genotypic, pheno-typic and environmental correlation in four edible oil crops. Heritabilities of flowering date, maturing date, plant height and weight of 1, 000 grains in rape were high. A highly significant positive correlation was found between flowering date and maturing date, plant hight and ear length, number of pods per ear and flowering date, maturing date and plant hight, The number of seed per pod showed also significant positive correlation with flowering or maturing date as well as with the relationship between weight of 1, 000 grains and plant height or ear length inrapeseed, respectively. Heritabilities of maturing date, length of stem with eapsule and number of seed per capsule were high, in sesame. Genotypic correlation between plant height and length of stem with capsule, length of stem with capsule and number of capsule per plant, number of capsule per plant and weight of 1, 000 grains, weight of 1, 000 grains and yield were highy positive in sesame. Heritabilities of flowering date, length of main stem, weight of 100 grains and number of shells per square meter in peanut were high, There was positive genotypic correlation between length of main stem and yield, number of shells per quare meter and matured seed ratio, number of shells per square meter and yield, 100 grains weight and yield. On the other hand, a significant negative correlation appeared between flowering date and yield. Heritabilities of days to flowering, stem length, stem diameter and weight of 1, 000 grains in perila were high. There was positive genotypic correlation between stem length and stem diameter, number of pods per plant, stem weight etc, between number of internodes and number of pods per plant, stem weight, number of valid branches and number of pods plant as well, respectively. While, a significant negative correlation was observed between number of valid branches and weight of 1, 000 grains, between number of pods per plant and weight of 1, 000 grains.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.3103-3108
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• 2011

탄소원으로 꿀을 사용하여 제조한 버찌-꿀술의 이화학적 특성을 분석하였다. 버찌-꿀술의 발효는 Saccharomyces bayanus (EC-118)를 스타터균으로 하여 발효액 2 L를 사용하여 30일 동안 진행하였다. 발효전 발효액에서 가장 많은 탄수화물은 과당이었으며, 포도당과 설탕 순으로 나타났다. 발효기간 동안 포도당은 효모균에 의하여 과당보다 빠르게 이용되어 사라졌으며, 발효기간이 진행됨에 따라 과당/포도당 비는 증가함을 보였다. 발효액의 pH와 효모 생균수는 발효 초기 5일 동안 급격하게 변화하였으나 발효액의 $^{\circ}Brix$(%)는 30일 기간 동안 점진적으로 감소하였다. 최종적으로 완성된 버찌-꿀술은 산가 0.43%, pH 3.5, $9.7^{\circ}Brix$(%), 에탄올 농도 14%였다. 버찌-꿀 술의 양조특성을 규명하였으므로 추가적인 버찌의 기능성이 확보된다면 버찌-꿀 술의 개발가능성이 충분히 있다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.480-485
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• 2014

In satsuma mandarin (C. unshiu Marc. cv. Miyagawa), alternate bearing is frequently occurred. It is very difficult to control and maintain the optimum production because satsuma mandarin is a very sensitive citrus cultivar. We carried out the experiment to find out the effects of foliar application of gibberellic acid ($GA_3$) and machine oil emulsion mixture on flowering and fruit quality of satsuma mandarin grown on open field. The treatments were composed of control (no application), $GA_3$ (25, 50 and $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$), machine oil emulsion 100 times and mixture of $GA_3$ (25 and $50mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) with machine oil emulsion 100 times on 16 year-old 'Miyagawa' satsuma mandarin on December 30, 2012. Foliar application of $GA_3$ during winter season led to a reduction of the flowering in the following year. $GA_3$ decreased flowering in dose dependant manner. However, application of $GA_3$ and machine oil emulsion (100 times-diluted mixture) inhibited effectively the flowering compared to $GA_3$ only. Also, flower-leaf ratio was significantly decreased by the application of $GA_3$ 25 (0.54) and $50(0.41)mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ with machine oil emulsion mixture in comparison to $GA_3$ 25 (0.86) and $50(0.60)mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ only. The number of leaves per fruit increased in application of $GA_3$ and machine oil emulsion mixture as concentration of $GA_3$ increased. Fruit weight and sugar-acid ratio also increased in comparison to the control whereas fruit size, soluble solid content and acidity remained unchanged. From the results, it was suggested that $GA_3$ application can reduce the number of flowers on the alternate bearing of satsuma mandarin. Moreover, application of $GA_3$ (25 and $50mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) with machine oil emulsion 100 times mixture can reduce the flowering effectively without altering fruit maturity and soluble solid contents. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of $GA_3$ 25 and $50mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ with machine oil emulsion 100 times might be useful in controlling alternate bearing in satsuma mandarin.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1995

대마(大麻)의 자웅이주(雌雄異株) 발생(發生) 비율(比率) 조절(調節)과 생리(生理) 연구(硏究)의 기초(基礎) 자료(資料)를 얻고자 국내(國內)에서 수집(蒐集)한 계통(系統)들의 생리(生理) 변이(變異)와 주요(主要) 특성(特性)과의 관계(關係)를 구명(究明)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 개화기(開化期)는 모든 계통(系統)에서 암그루는 8월(月) 10일(日), 숫그루는 7월(月) 26일(日) 정도였다. 2. 직경(直徑)과 섬유장(纖維長)은 목포(木浦)에서 수집(蒐集)한 계통(系統)이, 기타 형질(形質)은 수원(水源)에서 수집(蒐集)한 계통(系統)이 변이(變異)가 켰다. 3. 성비(性比)에서는 목포수집종(木浦蒐集種)은 $47\sim53%$ 였으며 수원수집종(水源蒐集種)은 $49\sim51%$ 정도였다. 4. 제형질(諸形質)과 성비간(性比間)의 상관(相關)은 웅성에서 하(夏)의 상관으로 나타났다. 5. 모든 계통(系統)에서 개화기(開化期), 경태, 생경중(生莖重), 피마수(皮麻收) 양간(量間)에는 정(正)의 상관(相關)이었고 섬유장(纖維長)과 피마수양간(皮麻收量間)에는 부(負)의 상관(相關)이었다.