• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.435-443
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• 2020

Background The innervated radial artery superficial palmar branch (iRASP) flap was designed to provide consistent innervation by the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve (PCMN) to a glabrous skin flap. The iRASP flap is used to achieve coverage of diverse volar defects of digits. However, unexpected anatomical variations can affect flap survival and outcomes. Methods Cases in which patients received iRASP flaps since April 1, 2014 were retrospectively investigated by reviewing the operation notes and intraoperative photographs. The injury type, flap dimensions, arterial and neural anatomy, secondary procedures, and complications were evaluated. Results Twenty-eight cases were reviewed, and no flap failures were observed. The observed anatomical variations were the absence of a direct skin perforator, large-diameter radial artery superficial palmar branch (RASP), and the PCMN not being a single branch. Debulking procedures were performed in 16 cases (57.1%) due to flap bulkiness. Conclusions In some cases, an excessively large RASP artery was observed, even when there was no direct skin perforator from the RASP or variation in the PCMN. These findings should facilitate application of the iRASP flap, as well as any surgical procedures that involve potential damage to the PCMN in the inter-thenar crease region. Additional clinical cases will provide further clarification regarding potential anatomical variations.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.371-381
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• 1993

Threshing operation is performed by impact, compression and friction forces inside the thresher. These values should be appropriate to the crop condition to enhance the threshing and separating efficiency and to decrease the grain damage. To analyze the threshing process inside the rasp-bar type thresher, impact, friction and compression forces were measured using transducers with strain gage circuits. To measure the impact forces and friction forces between the rasp-bar and crop, full bridge strain gage circuit was built on the rasp-bar holder. To measure the compression forces and circumferential friction forces between the concave and crop, two sets of full bridge strain gage circuits were built on the T-type concave transducer. Threshing work of wheat crop with 12% of moisture content was performed at 3 levels of compression ratio and with 3 replications. Each transducer could not measure the exact forces continuously because the transducer oscillates with the forces. However they could measure maximum forces and force distribution according to the time. Average friction coefficients between crop and concave was 0.61 not showing any significant difference according to the compression ratio. Average acceleration of the crop in the cylinder appeared from $70.6m/s^2$ to $140.8m/s^2$ according to the compression ratio. The velocity of the crop at the exit of the cylinder appeared from 10.7m/s to 15.0m/s according to the compression ratio.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.115-129
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• 1996

A reliability Acceptance Sampling Plan (RASP) is developed for testing the exponential mean lifetime under the periodic (i. e., equally-spaced) inspection and Type I censoring. Under the periodic inspection, the exact sampling distribution of maximum likelihood (ML) estimator of mean can not be derived. Hence sample size and acceptance criterion are determined by the algorithm proposed on the basis of Monte Carlo simulation such that the producer's and consumer's risks are satisfied for given censoring time and number of inspections. In addition, the developed RASP is compared in terms of sampling size, OC curve, and expected completion time. The effects for the RASP by the chosen inspection scheme are also discussed.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.74-96
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• 2002

The objectives of this study is to suggest the rectifying sampling inspection plan considering quality cost. Limiting quality level(LQL) plans(also called LTPD plans) and outgoing quality(OQ) plans are considered. The Hald's linear cost model is discussed with and without a beta prior for the distribution of the fraction of nonconforming items in a lot. It is assumed that the sampling inspection is error free. We consider the design of reliability acceptance sampling plan (RASP) for failure rate level qualification at selected confidence level. The lifetime distribution of products is assumed to be exponential. MIL-STD-690C and K C 6032 standards provide this procedures. But these procedures have some questions to apply in the field. The cost of test and confidence level(1-$\beta$ risk) are the problem between supplier and user. So, we suggest that the optimal life test sampling inspection plans using simple linear cost model considering product cost, capability of environment chamber, environmental test cost, and etc. Especially, we consider a reliability of lots that contain some nonconforming items. In this case we assumed that a nonconforming item fail after environmental life test. Finally, we develope the algorithm of the optimal sampling inspection plan based on minimum costs for rectifying inspection and RASP. And computer application programs are developed So, it is shown how the desired sampling plan can be easily found.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제10B권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2003

멀티미디어 내용을 웹에 전달해 주기 위해 W3C에서 제안한 SMIL은 현재 널리 사용되고 있으며, 이와 관련된 소프트웨어가 속속 등장하고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 시간의 흐름에 따른 상호작용 프로그래밍을 하기 위한 컴퓨터 애니메이션 툴 킷인 RASP의 시간 스크립트를 SMIL 문서 형태로 변환해 주는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이것은 SMIL 문서의 활용가치가 높아짐에 따라 애니메이션 컴포넌트에 대해 재사용 성을 향상시키며, VML의 순서 다이어그램으로부터 SMIL 문서를 생성해 내므로 기존에 제안된 SMIL 문서의 동기화를 위해 생성된 순서 다이어그램을 검증해 주는데, 큰 의의를 갖는다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.392-395
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• 2013

Epiduroscopy is very useful in the treatment of not only low back pain caused by failed back surgery syndrome, epidural scar or herniated disc but also by chronic refractory low back pain which does not respond to interventional conservative treatment including fluoroscopically-directed epidural steroid injections and percutaneous adhesiolysis. Because cauterization using a laser fiber has become recently available, a wider opening is required to enter into the sacral canal in the case of epiduroscopic laser neural decompression (ELND). However, in a few patients, it is difficult to insert a device into the epidural space due to stenosis around the opening, and there is no alternative method. Herein, we report a case where a hiatus rasp specially designed for such patients was used to perform the operation.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.51-63
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• 1996

In this paper, we develop two replacement-type reliability acceptance sampling plans(RASPs) for the gamma lifetime distribution assuming that the shape parameter is known. The two plans are respectively based upon failure-free period and hybrid life tests. We then compare the plans in terms of expected test time to reach a decision, power, etc. Computational results indicate among others that the failure-free period RASP has a shorter expected completion time than the corresponding hybrid RASP when the true scale parameter is 'large'. Finally, sensitivity analyses reveal that the effects of the uncertainties involved in the assumed shape parameter on the producer and the consumer risks are in favorable directions for both parties for both types of plans.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.76-85
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• 2007

A reliability acceptance sampling plan (RASP) consists of a set of life test procedures and rules for eitheraccepting or rejecting a collection of items based on the sampled lifetime data. Most of the existing RASPs areconcerned with the case where test items are available at the same time. However, as in the early stage ofproduct development, it may be difficult to secure test items at the same time. In such a case, it is inevitable toconduct a life test using sequentially supplied samples.In this paper, it is assumed that test items are sequentially supplied, the lifetimes of test items follow anexponential disthbution, failures are monitored continuously, arrival times of test items are known, and thenumber of test items at each arrival time is given. Under these assumptions, RASPs are developed by deter-mining the test completion time and the critical value for the maximum likelihood estimator of the mean lifetimesuch that the producer and consumer risks are satisfied. Then, the developed plans are compared to thetraditional Type-I censored RASPs in terms of the test completion time. Computational results indicate that thetest completion time of the developed RASP is shorter than that of the traditional Type-I censored plan in mostcases considered. It is also found that the superiority of the developed RASP becomes more prominent as theinter-arrival times of test items increase and/or the total number of test items gets larger.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2004

A simple and reliable procedure for RT-PCR detection of Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), Cherry rasp leaf virus (CRLV), and Cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (CNRMV) was developed. Two virus specific primer sets for each virus were found to specifically detect each virus among fourteen sets of designed oligonucleotide primers. Total RNAs extracted from healthy and from ASPV-,CRLV- and CNRMV-infected plant tissues were used to synthesize cDNA using oligo dT primer and then amplified by virus-specific primers for each virus. Each primer specifically amplified DNA fragments of 578 bp and 306 bp products for ASPV (prAS CP-C and prAS CP-N primers, respectively); 697 bp and 429 bp products for CRLV (prCR4 and prCR5-JQ3D3 primers, respectively); and 370 bp and 257 bp products for CNRMV (prCN4 and prCN6-NEG 1 primers, respec-tively) by RT-PCR. DNA sequencing of amplified DNA fragments confirmed the nature of each amplified DNA. Altogether, these results suggest that these virus specific primer sets can specifically amplify viral sequences in infected tissues and thus indicate that they can be used for specific detection of each virus.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.142-147
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• 1991

곡물을 수확하는데 필요로하는 동력의 상당부분이 탈곡부 급동에서 소요된다. 예취된 작물 전부가 탈곡부에 투입되는 콤바인의 경우 급동 소요동력이 전체 소요동력의 80%까지 되기도 하며, 축류식의 경우가 보통형인 경우보다 높은 급동 소요동력을 보인다. 수확된 곡물의 가치가 작업기의 동력비 및 운영비 보다 커야하므로, 급동 소요동력모델은 경제성을 고려한 콤바인의 설계 및 작동을 유도해 내는데 기본이 된다. 본 논문에서는 콤바인 급동의 소요동력을 예측하기 위해 탈곡현상에 기초를 둔 수학적 모델을 개발하였다. 급동에 부착된 라습바(rasp-bak)의 수, 수망과 급동의 간격, 수망의 길이, 공급물의 두께, 공급율, 급동회전속도 둥의 변수들을 포함한 수식이 개발되었으며 급동의 크기에 의한 영향도 고려되었다. 개발된 모델은 측정된 자료와 잘 일치했으며 ($R^2$=0.9) 높은 신뢰도를 보였다.