• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 1968

Maximal oxygen uptake was measured in twenty-eight middle-aged men aged 45.0 (range: 40.3-50.7) years and fourteen middle-aged women aged 40.5 (range: 34.3-47.5) years by means of a treadmill test. The physique of subjects were:mean skinfold thickness at 4 sites, namely, back, arm, waist and abdomen was 7.59 mm in men and 14.5 mm in women; total body fat estimated from the mean skinfold thickness, 11.9% fat in men and 25.5% fat in women. The detailed observations are as follows: 1. Maximal oxygen uptake expressed on any reference unit in men was greater than that of women. The values of men to women were: 2.61 to 1.92l/min., 45.1 to 37.0 ml/min./kg, 51.8 to 46.5 ml/min./kg lean body mass (LBM), 15.7 to 12.6 ml/min./cm body height. 2. Maximal pulmonary ventilation in men was 80.2 l/min. and 63.5 l/min. in women. 3. There was a correlation of fairly high degree between maximal oxygen uptake and body weight, namely, r=0.56 in men and r=0.79 in women. The correlation between maximal oxygen uptake and lean body mass also was fairly high, namely, r=0.58 in men and r=0.69 in women. 4. The correlation between maximal pulmonary ventilation and body weight or lean body mass was r=0.51 and r=0.25 in middle-aged men and r=0.41 and r=0.19 in middle-aged women, respectively. 5. Maximal heart rate in men was 176.4 beat/min. and it was 183.9 beat/min. in women. 6. Maximal oxygen pulse in men was 14.6 ml/beat and 9.5 ml/beat in women. 7. Aerobic work capacity of korean middle-aged men and women maintained the same level as that of young men and women, respectively, as shown by maximal oxygen uptake expressed ml/min./kg or ml/min./kg lean body mass.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.846-853
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• 1995

In order to study electronic structures for locally disordered systems, we have developed a first-principle self-con-sistent-spin-polarized real space band method (TB-LMTO-R), which combines the tight-binding(TB) linear-muffin-tin orbital(LMTO) band rrethod and the recursion(R) rrethod. The TB-LMTO-R rrethod has been applied to fer-romagnetic bec Fe, hcp Co, and fcc Ni. With varying cluster sizes, recursion coefficients, and the order of the TB-Hamiltonian, we have calculated the local density of states(LDOS) and magnetic moments. It is found that the calculation with 5,000 atoms cluster, 40 continued fractions, and the second-order TB-Hamiltonian yields a conver¬gent result in agreement with those from the conventional LMTO. In this way, we have demonstrated a physical transparency of the TB-LMTO-R method as a real space description.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the correlation between oral function, oral environment, and brain cognitive function in the elderly. Methods: The subjects were 60 users of senior community center and elderly day care center. The survey was conducted from November to December 2018. Subjects were assessed by oral examination and myofunction test. Oral myofunction was measured using $IOPI^R$ and Lip de $Cum^R$. Survey data were analyzed using the statistical programs of PASW Statistics ver. 18.0. Results: Tongue muscle strength and lips muscle strength was higher in males than in females. The tongue and lip strengths were higher in the <81 years old group than the ${\geq}81$ years old group. Functional tooth analysis showed that there was a ${\geq}15$ teeth group ($40.91{\pm}7.36$) and a <15 teeth group ($32.52{\pm}7.14$). Lip muscle strength analysis showed that the ${\geq}15$ teeth group ($10.54{\pm}3.40$) was higher than the <15 teeth group ($8.20{\pm}2.41$, p<0.05). Tongue muscle strength, lumbar muscle strength, and functional tooth number were lower in the elderly subjects with mild cognitive impairment. Cognitive function was significantly correlated with functional tooth number (r=0.386, p<0.001), tongue strength (r=0.478, p<0.001), and lip strength (r=0.281, p<0.05). Tongue strength was significantly correlated with lip strength (r=0.360, p<0.001) and functional tooth number (r=0.633, p<0.001). Lip strength was significantly correlated with functional tooth number (r=0.376, p<0.001). Conclusions: These results showed that age and functional tooth number influenced oral muscle strength and that the number of functional teeth and oral muscle strength were low in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment. Oral myofunction training and oral care program are suggested to improve the quality of life of the elderly.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.432-442
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• 2022

This study aimed to investigate depression, fatigue, and role-overload in nurses caring for COVID-19 patients and identify factors affecting depression. Data were collected from 142 nurses caring for COVID-19 patients at four designated COVID-19 hospitals using self-report questionnaires, from September 8, 2020, to September 17, 2020. The subjects' scores for depression, fatigue, and role-overload were 14.51±9.54, 3.19±0.64, and 3.30±0.64 points, respectively. Depression was positively correlated with fatigue (r=.40, p<.001) and role-overload (r=.30, p<.001), and fatigue was positively correlated with role-overload (r=.54, p<.001). Factors affecting depression included fatigue (β=.23, p=.014), health status (moderate: β=.28, p=.001; unhealthy: β=.26, p=.002), and hospital type (university hospital: β=.18, p=.024). The explanatory power (R²) of the model was 28.1%. In order to manage the nurse's depression level, a strategy for lowering the fatigue level and a strategy for improving the nurse's health statue are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.811-824
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the communication confidence, self-efficacy, and self confidence in first aid and to identify the predictors of self confidence in first aid. Subjects were 202 caregivers and data were collected by questionnaires from march 1 to 31, 2023. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson correlation coefficients and Multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 29.0 program. Self-efficacy was a positive correlation with communication confidence (r=.54, p<.001), and self confidence in first aid was a negative correlation with communication confidence(r=-.18, p<.05) and self-efficacy(r=-.31, p<.001). Predictive factors for self confidence in first aid were absence of nurse's aide(β=-.18, p=.009) and self-efficacy(β=-.30, p<.001), and explanatory power was 11.0%(Adj R2=.110, p<.001). Based on the results of this study, to develop and apply an educational program focusing on emergency problems.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.37-40
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• 2000

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 2013

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.40 no.1_2
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• pp.283-288
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• 2022

In this paper we characterize the sets of summability factors (|C, 0|_k, |R, p_n|_s) and (|R, p_n|_k, |C, 0|_s), 1 < k ≤ s < ∞, which also extends some known results.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.1 s.102
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• pp.93-107
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• 2004

Enlow's counterpart analysis explains the complex with anatomic and developmental characteristics where craniofacial aspect of Individuals has been developed. Counterpart analysis does not compare individual measurement with the normal value from the average of majority but analyzes by comparison of values that each individual has. In this study we examined surgical changes in skeletal Class III malocclusion patients(male 40, female 40) and compared them with normal occlusion patients using counterpart analysis. The results indicated that : 1. Skeletal anterior-posterior discrepancy was relieved by shortening of the ramus width(B3). 2. The ramus alignment(R3, R4) was displaced posteriorly and the occlusal plane angle(R5) was rotated clockwise. 3. Skeletal Class III pattern was relieved in the post-operative group, but differences in the level of the cranium(R1, R2) was remaining compared to the normal occlusion patients. 4. In the comparison of surgery methods, the two-jaw surgery group presented changes In the maxillary length(A4), ramus alignment(R3, R4) and occlusal plane angle(R5) compared to the one-jaw surgery group, but the differences were not significant. In the past study about Korean skeletal Class m patients, the skeletal characteristics are upward backward rotation of the cranial base, posterior displacement of the maxilla, forward inclination of the ramus and lengthening of the mandibular body, but in this study, skeletal Class m pattern was relieved by shortening of the ramus width and maxillary advancement by orthognathic surgery, because orthognathic surgery is usually performed on limited areas in the maxilla and the mandible.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 2003

Purpose: To determine and to compare the effects of cyclic loading on the fixation strength of different femoral fixation methods in ACL reconstruction. Materials and Methods: Biomechanical test using an Instron(R) machine (Model No.5569. Mass, U.S.A) were carried out to compare the pull out strength of six different femoral fixation techniques after a cyclic loading in 72 Yorkshire pig knees. The graft-bone complex was cyclically loaded between 30N and 150N at 50 mm/min rate for 1000 cycles and maximal tensile testing was performed. A preload of 30N was applied to the graft along the axis of the tunnel 15 minutes. ANOVA and the Duncan multiple comparison test was used for the statistical analysis. Results: The mean maximum tensile strength of femoral fixation before and after the cyclic loading test were 1003.4$\pm$145N and 601.1$\pm$154N in hamstring-LA screw(R) group, 595.5$\pm$104N and 360.7$\pm$56N in hamstring-Bioscrew(R) group, 1431.7$\pm$135N and 710.7$\pm$114N in hamstring-Semifix(R) group, 603.6$\pm$54N and 459.1$\pm$46N in hamstring-Endobutton(R) fixation group, 1067.4$\pm$145 and 601.8$\pm$134N in the BPTB-Titanium interference screw group, and 987.1$\pm$168N and 588.7$\pm$124N in the BPTB-Bioscrew(R) group. And these data illustrated that cyclic loading reduces the maximum tensile strength by 40 $\%$, 39 $\%$, 50 $\%$, 24 $\%$, 44 $\%$, 40 $\%$ respectively. Conclusions: With the results of these experiments it should be emphasized that rehabilitation exercises after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction should be executed with precaution as the repetitive flexion and extension of the knee would compromise the maximum tensile strength of the graft tendon.