• Clean Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.42-50
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• 2014

In this study, the $Mg(OH)_2$ slurry was made form ferro-nickel slag and then used for $CO_2$ sequestration. The experiments were in the order as leaching step, precipitation, carbonation experiments. According to the leaching results, the optimal leaching conditions were $H_2SO_4$ concentration of 1 M and the temperature of 333 K. In the $Mg(OH)_2$ manufacturing step, NaOH was added to increase the pH upto 8, the first precipitation was confirmed as $Fe_2O_3$. After removal the first precipitation, the pH was upto 11, the $Mg(OH)_2$ was generated by XRD analysis. The $Mg(OH)_2$ slurry was used for $CO_2$ sequestration. The pseudo-second-order carbonation model was used to apply for $CO_2$ sequestration. The $CO_2$ sequestration rate was increased by the $CO_2$ partial pressure and temperature. However, $CO_2$ sequestration rate was decreased when temperature upto 323 K. After $CO_2$ sequestrated by $Mg(OH)_2$, the $CO_2$ can be sequestrated stable as $MgCO_3$. This study also presented optimal sequestration condition was the pH upto 8.38, the maximum $MgCO_3$ can be generated. This study can be used as the basic material for $CO_2$ sequestration by ferro-nickel slag at pilot scale in the future.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.223-248
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• 2012

This study analyses support policy and structural change of textile industry in Daegu Kyungbuk region, and suggests major issues for textile industry's innovation. In Daegu Kyungbuk, it was 1999 that a policy, so called Milano Project, in order to promote a textile industry was devised. In 2004, the Regional Industrial Promotion Plan was devised. The plan was born from a view point of establishing a regional innovation system and of promoting the innovative clusters under a knowledge based economy. After then, the Regional Industry Promotion Project or Regional Strategic Industry Promotion Project became a core of regional textile industrial policy. Research results indicated that the first stage Milano project (1999-2003) showed both positive and negative effects. There were no long-term development plan, clear vision and strategy. But, core industrial infrastructure for differentiated product development, such as New product Development Support Center and Dyeing Design Practical Application Center, was constructed. The second stage Daegu Textile Industry Promotion Plan (2004-2008) displayed a significant technological performance and new product sales with the assistance of Kyungbuk province. Also, textile industry revealed positive fruits such as financial structure, productivity, and profitability as a result of strong restructuring. In industrial structure, there was a important change from clothe textile material to industry textile material. Most of textile companies did not showed high capability in CEO's technology innovation intention, entrepreneurship, R&D and human resource competency in compare with other industry. We suggested that Daegu Kyungbuk has to select and concentrate on the high-tech textile material and living textile for sustainable development and competitiveness. We also proposed a confidence and cooperation based innovation network and company oriented innovation cluster.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.167-184
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated the effect of offline banking trust on smart banking trust. As influencing factors of smart banking trust, this study compared offline banking trust, smart banking's system quality, and information quality. For the empirical study, 186 questionnaire data were collected from smart banking users and the data were analyzed using Smart-PLS 2.0. As results, it was verified that there is trust transfer in FinTech service, by the significant effect of offline banking trust on smart banking trust. And it was proved that the effect of offline banking trust on smart banking trust is lower than that of smart banking itself. The contribution of this study can be seen in both academic and industrial aspects. First, it is the contribution of the academic aspect. Previous studies on banking were focused on either offline banking or smart banking. But this study, focus on the relationship between offline banking and online banking, proved that offline banking trust affects smart banking trust. Next, it is the industrial contribution. This study showed that offline banking characteristics of traditional commercial banks affect the trust of emerging smart banking service. This means that the emerging FinTech companies are not advantageous in the competition of trust building compared to traditional commercial banks. Unlike traditional commercial banks, the emerging FinTech is innovating the convenience of customers by arming them with new technologies such as mobile Internet, social network, cloud technology, and big data. However, these FinTech strengths alone can not guarantee sufficient trust needed for financial transactions, because banking customers do not change a habit or an inertia that they already have during using traditional banks. Therefore, emerging FinTech companies should strive to create destructive value that reflects the connection with various Internet services and the strength of online interaction such as social services, which have an advantage over customer contacts. And emerging FinTech companies should strive to build service trust, focused on young people with low resistance to new services.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.265-275
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• 2020

In this study, we analyzed the nutritional ingredients of drone pupae (16^th to 20^th instar old) to evaluate the value of bee products and provide basic data for product diversification, and the extracts prepared using these pupae were tested for physiological activity. According to the analysis of the general ingredients of the freeze-dried powder of these bee pupae, the moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash was 1.69 ± 0.07%, 48.52 ± 0.20%, 23.41 ± 0.14%, and 4.05 ± 0.02%, respectively. Vitamin C and vitamin E were 14.92 ± 0.52 mg/100 g and 6.06 ± 0.11 mg α-TE/100 g, respectively. Regarding minerals, the highest content of K (1349.13 ± 34.57 mg/100 g) and P (1323.55 ± 43.85 mg/100 g) was observed and Ca and Fe were 55.43 ± 1.51 mg/100 g and 5.49 ± 0.19 mg/100 g, respectively. The fatty acids of the water extracted freeze-dried pupae powder accounted for approximately 59.62 of saturated fatty acids and 40.38 of unsaturated fatty acids, and high-quality fatty acids such as palmitic acid (C16:0) was 35.49 ± 0.08 and oleic acid (C18:1, n-9) was 35.91 ± 0.22 (g/100 g total fatty acids). The total amino acid content was 38.99 ± 2.63 g/100 g and the free amino acid was a total of 5129.04 mg/100 g, of which 1257.68 mg/100 g was proline and 759.12 mg/100 g glutamic acid. The DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of the drone pupae extract showed values of 0.8 for distilled water extract, 3.2 for 50% EtOH extract, 6.4 for 70% EtOH extract, and approximately 90% for 32 ㎍/mL for 100% EtOH extract. These results suggest that the main compound contributing to the antioxidant activity is a polar compound, and it is highly likely to be a low-molecular protein or a free amino acid. In conclusion, the honey bee drone pupa is excellent as a food resource and can be utilized as a new functional material for food and functional food.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2007

Objectives : Considering the impact of depressive illness on physical and mental health of both mother and fetus, specification of a treatment algorithm for depressive disorder during pregnancy is legitimated. This article provides a systemic review of treatments for depressive disorder during pregnancy and lactation. Methods : According to the search strategy of the Clinical Research Center for Depression of Korean Health 21 R & D Project, PubMed and EMBASE were searched using terms with regard to the treatment of depressive disorders during pregnancy and lactation. Reference lists of related reviews and studies were searched. In addition, relevant practice guidelines were searched using the PubMed. All identified clinical literatures were reviewed and summarized in a narrative manner. Results : Pharmacotherapy during pregnancy and lactation requires a comprehensive assessment of the risks and benefits of treatment for both mother and fetus or neonate. Recently, there is growing evidence that the use of tricyclic and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during pregnancy and lactation does not result in increased risks of teratogenicity. Treatment strategies are described according to the point of time of pregnancy or lactation. FDA categories for antidepressants during pregnancy and lactation are described. In addition, issues regarding to the electroconvulsive therapy and psychosocial treatment are discussed. Conclusion : The treatment option for depressive disorders during pregnancy and lactation depends on the severity of depressive illnesses of the individual patient. For mild to moderate depression, the non-pharmacological treatment should be considered first. For moderate to severe depression, pharmacotherapy should be administered in addition to the psychosocial treatment. ECT is recommended for depressive disorder of severe intensity. As the research knowledge is limited, the recommendations should based on the best judgement of psychiatrists.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.109-114
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• 2008

The samples were synthesized by using a solid state reaction. The X-ray diffraction pattern for $Ti_{0.96}Co_{0.02}Fe_{0.02}O_2$ showed a pure rutile phase with tetragonal structure, Mixtures of the proper proportions of the elements sealed in evacuated quartz ampoule were heated at $870{\sim}930^{\circ}C$ for one day and then slowly cooled down to room temperature at a rate of $10^{\circ}C$/h. In order to obtain single phase material, it was necessary to grind the sample after the first firing and to press the powders into pellets before annealing them for a second time in evacuated and sealed quartz ampoule. Magnetic properties have been investigated using the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Room temperature magnetic hysteresis (M-H) curve showed an obvious ferromagnetic behavior and the magnetic moment per Fe atom under the applied of 0.8 T was estimated to be about $1.5\;{\mu}_B$/CoFe. But the magnetic moment per Fe atom under the applied of 0.8 T was estimated to be about $0.02\;{\mu}_B$/CoFe without Ti-getter. Size of particles is about $1\;{\mu}m$ using the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The ingredients of sample are distributed irregular in particles. Only Fe get shown on the surface of particles.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.26-45
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• 1992

This study presents the behavioral and cognitive changes by administration of methylphenidate(MPH) and imipramine(IMI) for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) in $5_{1/2}{\sim}12$ years old children referred to child psychiatric clinics. Behavioral changes are assessed with parent's and teacher's ratings. Drug effects on attention. short-term memory, and impulsivity are evaluated with psychological tests in laboratory. The changes were assessed twice in a 8-week periods. The data were analyzed seperately for 15 subjects each drug using repeated measured analysis of variance(ANOVA). The findings indicates that behavioral and cognitive impairments are improved by both drugs, but impulsivity is not. And MPH is superior to IMI on the improvement of attentional problem ; especially the findings indicates important differences between simple task and complex. perceptual-search task. These data confirm the effectiveness of MPH for treatment of ADHD, also raise questions regarding assessment method of attention and impulsivity as fell as importance of impulsivity in ADHD.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2010

We investigated the growth of cucumber plants, the uptake and use of mineral nutrients, such as $NO_3$-N, $NH_4$-N, $K^+$, $Ca^{+}^{+}$, $Mg^{+}^{+}$ and $Na^+$, absorbed from media solution, and the synthesis and distribution of soluble sugars under nutrient-deficient condition. Difference in plant growth revealed after 20 days of treatment. Nitrate uptake in nutrient-deficient condition was significantly reduced compared with nutrient-normal treatment, and its distribution was primarily in petioles, stem, roots and less in leaves. In contrast, ammonium content was markedly predominated in fast growing organs, and it was significantly different in growing leaves, expanded leaves, and roots under similar growth conditions. $K^+$, lack by deficient nutrient condition, was found in growing leaves. The $Ca^{+}^{+}$ content did not show significant difference between treatments and a substantial portion of $Ca^{+}^{+}$ remained in petioles. The $Mg^{+}^{+}$ content was significantly higher in the leaves of nutrient-normal condition compared with nutrient-deficient condition while significantly lower in stem and roots. The behavior of $Na^+$ in plant was similar to $K^+$ although its content was relatively little. The highest $CO_2$ assimilation was observed in fully expanded leaves of nutrient-normal condition, which was 1.7 times higher compared with nutrient-deficient condition. The instantaneous water use efficiency (A/E) and the A/gsratio, which is an index of leaf intrinsic water use efficiency for individual leaves, was 1.2 and 1.1 times higher, respectively. The total soluble sugar (TSS) contents were highest in leaves followed by petioles, stems and roots, and in younger leaves. The growing leaves contained about 7,200 mg $kg^{-1}$ of TSS in nutrient-normal condition whereas the TSS contents in nutrient-deficient condition were not significantly different between leaves. The $Mg^{+}^{+}$ and $NH_4$- N were positively correlated with the TSS whereas $NO_3$ - N was negatively correlated.

• Clean Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.379-389
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• 2012

Environmental issues are being paid more attention due to income growth, urban overcrowding, and population growth in Korea. Among the various environmental problems, odor damage is the one of the serious factors. To take example for food waste combination treatment in Su-young wastewater treatment plant in Busan, many complaints occurred because this plant locate around residential areas. The purpose of this work is not only to analyze odorous elements and their contributions but also to evaluate odor quotient (OQ), sum of odor quotient (SOQ), and treatment efficiency of bio-filter. The results of dilution sensory test of complex odor, grinder, leachate, hopper indicated higher order complex odors happen in July and August. The main odorous elements consisted of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, methly mercaptan and acetaldehyde, which were analyzed by instrumental detection method, and methyl mercaptan was exceeded over 3,571 times of threshold. In addition, result of contribution of odor was methyl mercaptan (49.95 to 59.08%), hydrogen sulfide (20.43 to 29.27%), trimethylamine (8.82 to 13.42%) and acetaldehyde (9.17 to 11.35%). Other facilities were compared with the contribution of the odor using OQ and SOQ during the process. Sulfur compounds, acetaldehyde, and trimethylamine are high contribution of odor using OQ as well as odor intensity of grinding process is highest. As a result, sulfur compounds (e.g., methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide) are highest for OQ and SOQ of grinding process is highest as 7,067. The removal efficiency of deodorization equipment was more than 90.00% in ammonia and amines, but the average efficiency of sulfur compounds was 53.51%. Thus, this facility is more higher contribution of acetaldehyde and trimethylamine than other treatment facilities. And food waste treatment in environmental area needs to consider appropriate capacity and refers to other bio-filter operating conditions.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.1256-1262
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• 1997

Background : Leukocyte-endothelial adhesion molecules have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disease. ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin are cell surface adhesion molecule on vascular endothelial cells. They are up-regulated by inflammatory cytokines and regulate the adhesion and migration of leukocytes across the endothelium. Tuberculosis, a granulomatous disorder is an infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The clinical manifestations of tuberculosis are dependent on the cellular immune response to tubercule bacilli. Circulating adhesion molecules are probably formed by cleavage and release into the circulation of the extracellular domain of the membrane bound form. The elevated levels of circulating adhesion molecules have been reported in numerous disease state. To evaluate their role as markers of disease activity in tuberculosis, we measured a sE-selectin, sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels in the serum with severities of mild, moderate and far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods : The control and test groups were divided as follows. Group I : control(n=5), Group II : patients with mild pulmonary tuberculosis(n=12), Group III : pateints with moderate pulmonary tuberculosis(n=20), Group IV : patients with far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis(n=19). Serum sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and sE-selectin were measured by ELISA kit Results : Serum soluble adhesion molecules are elevated in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, Circulating ICAM-1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with moderate and far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis when compared with control group. When compared with control group, serum sVCAM-1 levels showed significant elevation in patients with mild, moderate and far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis. Serum sE-selectin levels were significantly elevated in patients with far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis when compared with control group. Conclusion : These results suggest that sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and sE-selectin may be invloved in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. And, particularly, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 may be useful markers of the disease activity.