• Journal of East-Asian Urban History
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.57-82
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• 2021

This article examines the urban example of Batu Sawar which served as the capital of the Johor kingdom between 1587 and circa 1615. Around the middle of the eighteenth-century European reference works continued to describe Batu Sawar as the capital of Johor, even though the city had long ceased to serve as a trading center, let alone as Johor's capital, and probably no longer existed. Such observations raise the question of urban impermanence-the transience of sizeable settlements with reference to the Malay Archipelago. Two overarching questions form the backbone of the investigation: First, why did Batu Sawar rise as a regional trading center, and second, what are the reasons that contributed to its decline? Batu Sawar's fate was sealed by a combination of factors that included poor defenses, multiple external shocks, destruction by fire, court politics and rivalry between the early colonial powers.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 2023

The Titius-Bode's relation has been historically successful in predicting the location of Ceres in the solar system, while its physical basis remains hidden. In this study, we attempt to answer the question of whether the Titius-Bode's relation is universally valid for exoplanetary systems with plural exoplanets. For this purpose, we statistically study the distribution of the ratio of the orbiting periods of two planets in 32 exoplanetary systems hosted by a single star. We only consider the period ratios derived from exoplanets orbiting a single star since celestial objects under investigation are kept as simple as possible and free from uncertainties such as the mass of the host star. We find that the distribution of period ratios of two exoplanets appears inconsistent with that derived from the Titius-Bode's relation using the χ² test. We also found that the distance distribution in exoplanetary systems unlikely follows the uniform distribution or the Poisson's distribution. It is noted, however, that more rigorous statistical tests should be carried out to reach a more certain conclusion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.46-47
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• 2020

Now a days, Lots of research about 4th industrial revolution are progressing. Attempt of technologies on construction engineering field, such as construction management by drone, building equipments based on the IoT technology and etc., are continuously tried by government and private enterprises. Meanwhile, the application of advanced technologies on the military facilities should be reviewed cautiously, because of the national defense environment such as military security. Therefore, this study aim to understanding of present status of military facilities for introduction of 4th industrial revolution technology. To achieve the aim of the study, question investigation targeting working groups for military facility management is conducted.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.15
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• pp.285-301
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• 2008

Police officers have an obligation to their profession to continuously strive for fairness for all the people they serve. However, some police officers are believed to have developed prejudicial attitudes towards some groups of the society and exercised police power unfairly against them. Especially, when the actions of the police are prejudicial during criminal investigation, this can affect outcomes of the investigation. Therefore, the police need to tackle this problem effectively. In order to develop a preventive strategy, the police must have a clear understanding of prejudice. However, there has been little research on this topic in Korea. Thus, this study attempted to fill the gap. The purpose of the current study was to examine if prejudice of police officers are statistically valid. In order to answer this research question, the present study utilized the results of 173 polygraph examinations that had been employed to investigate traffic accidents in a provincial police agency in 2006. From the polygraph examination reports, information relating to the subjects could be identified and this information was analyzed, using a logistic regression. The results of the logistic regression revealed that most of the variables relating to the subjects did not affect the credibility of the subjects' statements. This means the police officers' belief that some groups of people make false statements more often than others during criminal investigation is an unfounded prejudice.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.617-625
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• 2010

Objectives : The research which sees collected information about dentistry infection management recognition of the patients and the infection management which the medical treatment consumer does in necessity is what, grasped and satisfaction and became the fundamental data which makes the hospital will be able to trust about dentistry image rise and dentistry environment of the medical treatment consumer who assists a dentistry character executed. Methods : From 2009 April 1st until May 28th 233 people common people who have the experience which visits a Gyeongsangnam-do area dentistry the object with the entry question law which sleeps did and the data analysis SPSS, 12.0 For Window under using produced each question item by frequency and a ratio, the analytical degree of infection management One - Way ANOVA stamps and executed t-test. Results : Information experience experienced about dentistry infection of the investigation object person to be, appeared with 74.7% and the after that dentistry assistance at the time of conduct change which experiences the answer back regarding of Former times attentively observes organization disinfecting' was most with 46.6%. The protective equipments wearing goal of the dentistry medical attendance appeared the dentistry medical attendance and patient protection 77.7%, dentistry medical attendance protection 12.9%, by patient protection 9.4% order. Before medical treatment starting of the dentistry medical attendance the hand Does not confirm' appeared 72.1%, with. The hand washing, is whole and the degree which appears is high with 4.11 points the stamp. Is high there was a possibility of knowing the thing about the recording infection where the educational background will be high and considers statistically the difference which was visible Conclusions : The education which is active and continuous is necessary about infection management and sets the guides which are standardized to the patients and about infection management and about infection prevention and exposes from dentistry practices well to emboss the thing is thought that there is a necessity to plant a trust feeling about the dentistry where the patients assist.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.7-42
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• 2002

This paper reexamines ideas about linguistic relativity in the light of new interest in the theoretical climate. The original idea is based on the incommensurability of the semantic structures of different languages. On this view, language, thought, culture are deeply interconnected, so that each language might be associated with it a distinctive world view. Throughout this work I utilize the historico-epistemological standpoint to dissect the conceptual structure of this principle. In the introduction I will of for a justification of choice of the theme. Section 1 will address some essential definition of the linguistic principle and insist on the necessity to elaborate a typological spectrum of relativism and universalism. In the second section some important landmarks of linguistic relativity were marked from Plato to Humboldt via Condillac and Herder. 1 will subdivide the relativity hypothesis into 3 theses which are interlated. In the final section the epistemological structure of the linguistic principle will be analysed in some detail by providing my exposition of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. By way of conclusion I will present the works of Wierzbicka who demonstrated the lexicons of different languages suggest different conceptual universes. By rejecting analytical tools derived from the English language she proposed instead a natural semantic metalanguage based on lexical universals, which is made up of universal semantic primitives. In this paper we attempted to construct a general problematics of linguistic relativity, focolizing on the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. We devided this very problematic question into its ontological and epistemological dimensions. In particular the ambivalance of Whorf's relativity is discussed in some detail. Also, an archeological survey of this subtle question on the relation between language, thinking and culture was provided. (from Aristotle to Humboldt, via Condillac and Nitzche). In conclusion this investigation underlines the necessity of preparing the cultural linguistics to enlarge the scope of contempory linguistics.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2009

The demand of research for the development of pulse meter and analyzer by the examination questionnaire made from repeated preliminary investigations. Which was presented in the exhibition KIMES 2008, it's has been proved to be practical. 159 people(oriental medical doctor) sent in the question papers and selected the double answers in the relevant question. At the time of the development of the pulse meter and analyzer, we put the investigation for oriental medical doctor's demands in practice and found the following results. The development of the pulse analyzer is getting more important for modernization of oriental medicine. The purpose of this study was to find out the research needs for the pulse analyzer considering the practical use in the oriental medical clinics. A survey was conducted at the KIMES 2008 exhibition with a set of questionnaires. We collected the data from 159 oriental medical doctors who attended the exhibition, and we found following results. The more oriental doctors did not think the diagnostic devices were important in their clinical practices. Most responders preferred to use the Chon-Kwan-Cheok pulse diagnosis. To find out the mechanism of the pulse diagnosis and to standardize it, the clinical data base containing the results of the pulse diagnosis and the patten discrimination of each patient should be established. In conclusion, the researches on the standardization of Chon-Kwan-Chuk pulse diagnosis including the measurement techniques and the pulse-pattern correlations are very important for developing the pulse analyzer.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.93-107
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the trends of studies on work-related musculoskeletal disorder and to suggest the direction of future research. Method: 144 research thesis for a degree on work-related musculoskeletal disorder were systematic reviewed and published from Jan. 1990 to Mar. 2005. The analyzed using descriptive statistics, an actual number, percentage. Result: As its result the work-related musculoskeletal disorder research which is announced from domestic the doctorate dissertation at the 2004 year 42 the most many 144 dissertation middle most to be 129 in master degree dissertation was 15 in Ph D degree. Dissertation contents character the contents against the result relation that it analyzes especially and a condition and an obstacle was many most at 84. Research plan in most description investigation research 121 the dissertation field to be the especially public health (hygiene, industry and environment) at this 57 most many research object person distribution manufacturing industry in the research object one dissertation was many most at the 40. The tools which are used in each measurement in the question tool which it uses most the question price of land which uses the condition investigation ticket which it made from the NIOSH and the ANSI most many 33, the hazard which analyzes a work attitude in the tool which it uses the RULA was many most at 14. In the stress test tool social psychological healthy measurement PWI (Psychological Wellbeing Index) the dissertation which uses the Job Strain of the Karasek Model to be many most at 19 PWI (Psychological Wellbeing Index) 7 easy use. Work-related musculoskeletal disorder measurement hazard in physiological index and the machinery and tools which it uses there were 9 researches to use an electromyogram most plentifully. With the effect goes to a work-related musculoskeletal disorder they are 33 where the age is many most from general quality. From healthy act with the relation of smoking the year to be many from 16 dissertations. Work of the corpse an attitude (the attitude which is inappropriate) with 5 and the work market the work burglar is many most at 9, the society-support of 36 where the stress is many psychologically most, the stress and service also the most many duty discretion (authority and autonomy) is 6 at the duty demand boat song 9. The service career to be many is 22 of extraordinarily with relation of service. Conclusion: It is recommended the research which it sees being limited in only domestic thesis for a degree the international comparative study to become accomplished. It comes to think with the fact that it will be necessary to make the protocol which it conforms in the civil official guide the test researches for the protocol or arbitration program which is standardized are necessary. Prevention and the civil official of work relation bones and sinews standing total disease hazard scientific base one program is necessary with base.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.191-198
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• 2008

This study investigated the realities of information acquirements and its requirements in the overseas employment and domestic connected education for students at the department of radiation in order to provide basic information for developing the standard educational curriculum for future internationalization in the education of radiation and presenting its direction. The investigation implemented in this study was performed through a questionnaire with 688 students enrolled in the department of radiation. The conclusion of the investigation is summarized as follows : The answers for the question of 'No acquirements in the information of the overseas employment and connected education for radiological technologists' were 487 students (70.8%), and the reason that 'There are no chances in related education' was the highest rate, 424 students (61.6%), of the answers. In the education for the overseas employment, the answers for the question of 'Select a connected education program in school instead of study abroad' were the highest rate, 436 students (63.4%). The most concerned country for the overseas employment was 'Australia', 247 students (35.9%). As a result, answers for the interest, participation, need, and hope for the overseas employment showed high rates even though they demonstrated a low recognition level in the overseas employment. In addition, it is necessary to strategically plan an education program for this issue because all participants agree with the current stream.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.5-18
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• 2010

Library and information research is often directed towards either the management of resources (e.g., the economics of resource management), their storage and retrieval (e.g., much information retrieval research), and the users of these resources (the whole area of information behaviour. However, the question that is less often asked is, "What research do librarians want to have carried out to help them in their work?" Clearly, some of the topics just mentioned will fall into the priority areas, but what do librarians actually perceive will be of use to them. There is a notion that a research-practice gap exists in the field and perhaps the reason for that is that researchers do not ask the practioners what research will be of value to them. To find an answer to this question on a global basis would, of course, be impossible - at least impossible without the level of funding that would be difficult to obtain from any source. However, it is possible to carry out research on a national level that could prove useful both to practitioners and to the library and information research community. This was the aim of a project, supported by the Svensk Biblioteksf$\"{o}$rening (Swedish Library Association), which was carried out in 2008/2009. Ideas on potential research projects were collected from librarians themselves, from discussion group archives and from the professional journals in a number of countries. These ideas were then grouped thematically and formed the basis of two rounds of a Delphi process to solicit the opinions of a panel of librarians in different sectors, recommended by their peers as 'expert' in their field. The Delphi process was concluded with a workshop involving a subset of the panel. This paper will report on the results of the investigation, which attracted a great deal of interest within the profession in Sweden, and will also reflect on issues that were ranked lowly in the investigation. For example, not a great deal of priority was given to topics relating to the development and use of technology: why was this? And would the same result be found in other countries? One major area of research interest was into the future of libraries and a topic of relevance here, especially for academic and research libraries, is the changing information behaviour of researchers: what, now, do researchers want of libraries? Clearly, technology is playing a role here, but digitized resources and the World Wide Web may not be the answer to every researcher's need. Research into libraries and research for libraries ought to figure largely in the profession's view of its aims, objectives and visions of the future: but for it to do so requires a recognition that the work will not be done unless researchers and practitioners come together to determine how to approach the future.