• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.211-221
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• 2008

This dissertation studied the psychological cost, which converted the mental pain suffered by the victim of a traffic accident and his/her family, friends and people around him/her into social costs. Three methodologies - Choice Experiments, Direct Question and Dichotomous Choice Question - were used to design questionnaires, and models were built for each questionnaire design method. When building models, a logit model was used, which is used most frequently in probabilistic choice model. And the tobitmodel was used to make direct questionnaires. When verifying these models, although there were some differences in each model, suitability of most models and credibility of each coefficient were meaningful around the credibility level of 95%. According to the analysis, domestic psychological cost produced through the assessment model of psychological cost was 15.63 million won per person or 5.1 trillion in total, assuming 37.1% of total traffic accident cost.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.64-74
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• 2003

Objectives : To evaluate the properness and effectiveness of the question categories concerning 'total physiognomy', used in Iksan Wonkwang Oriental Medicine. Methods: We statistically analyzed data from those 1335 patients focussing on 'relative discrimination ability' to sasang constructions and 'response ratio'. Patients included in this research are only those who had been well treated in Iksan Wonkwang Oriental Medicine during the Period of three years from 2000 to 2002. The data are obtained through the electronic chart developed by Kim Jong-Yeol, and analyzed using the statistical Package SPSS. Results: The first category for discriminating Taeum type, 'heavy and looking steady', has more discriminating power and effectiveness among women than men, and especially in wemen with an age of 21 or more. The second category for discriminating Soeum type, 'delicate and modest', is more discriminating and effective among men than women, and mostly among men with ages 21-40. The third category for Soyang type, 'fast and brave', is almost equally discriminating and effective to both women and men, especially among women with ages 40 or less and among men with ages 21 or more. Finally, the forth category for discriminating Taeyang type, 'progressive', is neither discriminating nor effective among most the women than men in all age groups. Conclusions: The definition of 'relative discriminating power of constitution' and 'response ratio' are well evaluating the properness and effectiveness of the question categories regarding 'total physiognomy'. The first category is most discriminating and effective among women with ages 20 or less, and the second among 21-40 year old men, the third among women with ages 40 or less and among men with ages 21 or over. The forth category is neither discriminating nor effective.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.194-204
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between types and sources of background knowledges of elementary preteachers' questions about astronomy contents in the elementary science text books. Data were extracted from the preteachers' classes established in a university of education. The results are as follows. First, right background knowledges of questions were found in about 58% questions, wrong background knowledges 15%, and no background knowledges 26%. Second, it was found that 'school' as a source of background knowledges was found in 29% questions, 'friend' 21%, 'internet' 14%, 'book reading' 12%, 'others' 9%, 'TV' 7%, 'institute' 4%. In case of the type that right background knowledges have casual relation or correlation with question contents, 'book reading' and 'TV' sources rate increased, but 'internet' and 'others' decreased when compared to total questions. In the type which background knowledges are right and did not have casual relation or correlation with question contents, 'internet' source rate increased and 'friend' decreased. In case of the type that wrong background knowledges do not have casual relation or correlation with question contents, 'friend' and 'TV' sources rate increased, but 'school' and 'book reading' decreased. The type which background knowledges are right and did not have casual relation or correlation with question contents, 'internet' source rate increased and 'friend' decreased. In case of the type of no background knowledges, 'TV' and 'institute' source rate increased, but 'internet' and 'book reading' decreased. Third, the questions in 'Earth and Moon' unit have little background knowledges. The questions in 'solar system and stars' have background knowledges with no relation to the questions. Especially, in the unit 'changes of seasons', right background knowledges were found in more than half questions, but the contents of questions and background knowledges were not connected scientifically.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.137-143
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• 2012

This study analyzed the questions posted on the chemistry Q&A board by students and teachers in a chemistry education homepage, in order to understand the difficulties in learning and teaching chemistry. The different tendencies were found in the contents and the motivations of questions by students and teachers. In Chemistry I, students raised many questions in the 'Water' unit, while teachers raised many ones in the 'Chemical compound in our life' unit. In Chemistry II, students asked many questions in the 'Gas, liquid, solid' unit, while teachers did in 'Chemical reaction and energy' unit. Students' motivations of questioning were 'Explanation of unclear concept', and 'Problem solving', while teachers' motivations were 'Searching information', and 'Question in experiment'. The Q&A board provided a field in exchanging informations needed in learning and teaching chemistry. Educational implications were discussed on the use of Q&A board in chemistry education.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.273-285
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• 2014

Purpose of this study is to analyze eye movements of pre-service teachers and elementary students about a visual material of the change on the lunar phases. Eye-Tracker was used for analysis for eye-fixation time and eye movement at the structure, behavior, function question on the visual material. The Results were as follows. First, the pre-service teacher checked the visual materials from a holistic perspective depending on the function questions and fixed eye-fixation on the moon of the behavior question concerned. On the contrary, elementary school student only checked function of the moon located in the upper part and eye-fixation focus was spread here and there regardless of the questions. Second, the pre-service teacher gazed at the sun, earth and moon in a consecutive order depending on the questions to identify their spatial relations and checked location of the moon related to the question. On the contrary, the elementary school student did not view relations between earth, sun and moon from a spatial perspective. These findings indicate that the pre-service teacher conjures up the mechanism of the change on the lunar phases and confirms it in visual materials by visualizing change on the lunar phase model from earth's point of view while the elementary school student fails to take advantage of visual materials to visualize it from earth's point of view.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2016

This study was analyzed to provide fundamental data of food safety education way on the recognition, knowledge and purchase attitude of GMO foods. Data was collected from 270 University students in the Gyeong-gi region through a self-administered questionnaire. According to the results of the reliability and factor analysis, the knowledge and purchase attitude of GMO foods showed 0.742 and 0.832 in Cronbach alpha coefficient, 0.791 and 0.831 in KMO. There were significant differences in the recognition and intake possibility and purchase will, safety and absorption to a GMO foods between the specialty person and non-specialist (p<0.05). By the kind of GMO foods it appeared highly by the order corn (70.0%), tomato (67.5%), beans (63.3%) and potato (51.3%). There were significant differences in the general knowledge of GMO foods (p<0.05), whereas no significant differences in question 'There were no genes in ordinary beans' by a presence of a specialty (p>0.05). After the purchase attitude difference to the GMO foods was analyzed by a presence of a specialty, I appeared most highly in the question to which I say 'I think a GMO foods is ethical.' by a negative question and 'I think a GMO foods is mass-produced, and it's possible to make a food problem decrease.' by an affirmative question. Therefore, the purchase attitude of GMO foods showed a significant differences of University students according to their major (p<0.05). Based on this study, it is considered that provision of detailed and continuous education must be accomplished by raising the recognition of GMO foods and its acceptance level, allowing a proper understanding of GMO foods to be conveyed and assisting subjects from receiving the information they desire effectively by various education mediums.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.88 no.3
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• pp.400-407
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• 1999

The purpose of thin paper is to test difference of the two question formats, open-ended and dichotomous choice formats, in the contingent valuation method using the estimated recreational benefits. The data were collected from the visitors at the Songnisan National Park. The recreational benefit based on the equivalent variation. The two question formats, but the same content, were asked of the same individuals. In this analysis, it was used travel cost and monthly income as the exogenous variables, which assumed a linear functional form for the WTP equation. The model assumed a bivariate normal distribution on the basis of the probit and tobit model concerning the censored zero WTP. The result showed no differences in the recreational benefits from the different question formats under a same respondent. The mean benefit was estimated 25.556 Won per 5 years per visitors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.105-116
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• 2021

Habruta is a question-based learning that talks, discusses, and argues in pairs. In particular, the famous painting Habruta is being implemented for the purpose of enhancing the appreciation ability of paintings and enriching the expressive power through questions and answers about the famous paintings. In this study, in order to support the famous painting Habruta for oriental paintings, we propose a method of automatically generating questions from the gender perspective of oriental painting characters using the current deep learning technology. Specifically, in this study, based on the pre-trained model, VGG16, we propose a model that can effectively analyze the features of Asian paintings by performing fine-tuning. In addition, we classify the types of questions into three types: fact, imagination, and applied questions used in the famous Habruta, and subdivide each question according to the character to derive a total of 9 question patterns. In order to verify the feasibilityof the proposed methodology, we conducted an experiment that analyzed 300 characters of actual oriental paintings. As a result of the experiment, we confirmed that the gender classification model according to our methodology shows higher accuracy than the existing model.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.239-262
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• 2019

This study deals with the anxieties that originated from specific student questions. Through the analysis of the textbooks, we confirmed that the question was a sufficiently plausible question. Third interviews were also held with three high school students. Through the interviews, we analyzed students' expressions about the new correspondence relationship that the two correspondence relations are linked. In the determination of the composite function and the determination of the inverse function existence, We have observed a case of how the worries about domain are being reconstructed from students into meaningful mathematical knowledge. Through this, we confirmed that the question will be confusing to students in the field. In this study, we observed the transfer of domain in relation to student domain in composite function. In particular, a present study revealed that the students involved in the interview were influenced by this domain transfer phenomenon in determining whether the task given in the interview was a function. This was the same in determining the existence of a inverse function. The examples presented in this study are limited to specific cases in limited circumstances. Therefore, it can not be applied directly to teaching and learning situations. However, it is expected that this study will provide other researchers with insight into function learning related research.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.31-39
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• 2023

The evolution of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and the rise of large language models (LLM) like ChatGPT have paved the way for specialized question-answering (QA) systems tailored to specific domains. This study outlines a system harnessing the power of LLM in conjunction with document search algorithms to interpret and address user inquiries using documents from the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). Initially, the system refines multiple documents for optimized search and analysis, breaking the content into managable paragraphs suitable for the language model's processing. Each paragraph's content is converted into a vector via an embedding model and archived in a database. Upon receiving a user query, the system matches the extracted vectors from the question with the stored vectors, pinpointing the most pertinent content. The chosen paragraphs, combined with the user's query, are then processed by the language generation model to formulate a response. Tests encompassing a spectrum of questions verified the system's proficiency in discerning question intent, understanding diverse documents, and delivering rapid and precise answers.