• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.262-270
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• 2003

This study was carried out to analyze forest vegetation of Jinaksan in Geumsan, Chungnam Province. Employing the releve method of Braun-Blanquet, 26 plots were sampled in forest of Jinaksan. The communities were classified into Quercus mongolica, Quercus variabilis, Quercus aliena, and Pinus densiflora communities. Coverage rate was 79.4% in tree layer,27.6% in subtree layer,37.0% in shrub layer, 31.1% in herb layer, respectively. The importance values were 45.51 in Q. mongolica,44.17 in P. densiflora,26.56 in Q. variabilis,26.78 in Q. serrata,20.81 in Q. aliena, and 15.58 in Prunus serrulata var. spontanea, respectively. Most of the DBH in the Q. mongolica, Q. variabilis, Q. aliena, and p. densiflora was between 5 cm and 15 cm. Therefore, Q. mongolica, Q. variabilis, and Q. aliena will be dominant species in the study area for several decades.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.88 no.4
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• pp.485-489
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• 1999

The germination percentages of Quercus hybrid seeds produced in 1994 using stored pollens were low. The survival rate and height growth within 2 years differed according to crossing combinations. The survival rate and growth of seedlings from hybrid seeds produced in 1991 and 1993 were investigated. The survival rates of five-year-old and three-year-old seedlings were from 71 to 100% and from 33 to 100%, respectively. The survival rates differed according to cross combinations. The mortality of seedlings increased in proportion to the increase of percentages of dwarf seedlings. The growth of five-year-old seedlings, of which mother tree was Q. aliena, was the best. The growth of seedlings produced by artificial crossing tended to be worse than that of natural crossing.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• v.56
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• pp.15-38
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• 1998

Biomass and soil properties of plant communites was investigated in the limestone ares, Tanyang, Ch'ungbuk Province in Korea. Plants was classified in calcicoles and calcifuges within plant communities occurring in the limestone area. Biomass of plant populatins in the limestone area was measured that Stellaria aquatica was the lowest(0.58g/plant), Chrysanthemum boreale was the highest(8.87g/plant) and that Pennisetum alopecuroides, Miscanthus sinensis was 6.67g/plant, 5.76g/plant, respectively. Diameter of breast height among the tree layer communities was investigated that Pinus densiflora was the widest(20cm), Juniperus rigida was the narrowest(6cm) and that Quercus aliena, Populus ${\times}$ tomentiglandulosa was 10cm, 12cm, respectively. The high of density in the tree layer was found out Populus ${\times}$ tomentiglandulosa, Juniperus rigida, Quercus aliena, Pinus densiflora in this order. Dominant species in the study area were Pinus densiflora, Quercus aliena, Juniperus rigida, Quercus dentata in the tree layer, Lespedeza bicolor, Buxus microphylla, Rhus chinensis in the shrub layer, Humulus Japonicus, Erigeron canadensis, Xanthium strumarium, Oenothera odorata Persicaria hypropiper on the riverside, Pennisetum alopecuroides, Vicia amoena, Chrysanthemum boreale on the roadside. Soil properties of the limestone area was investigated around the protrusion of rock in the upper region, around the cave and underlayer accumulated by corrosion in the study area. Lime-chlorosis was observed in the upper region, underlayer and around the cave. It was observed that biota of kum-gul and dungbong-gul was Rhinolophus ferrumequinum korai, Epanerchodus kimi, Antrokoreana gracilipes, Diestrammena japonical. Dominant species were Humulus japonicus, Stellaria aquatica, Hydrocotyle maritima, Phragmites communis, Miscanthus sinensis around the inlet of a kum-gul. It was classified that plants in the study area was 34 order, 53 family, 135 species in all. Calcicoles were 11 order, 16 family, 18 species and calcufuges were 6 order, 8 family, 11 species of them all.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.111-118
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• 2004

In order to compare the NVOC (Natural Volatile Organic Compound) emission rates from oak trees, the emission rates of isoprene were quantitatively measured in situ based on tree species and region. As a result, the emission rates from Quercus serrata T. were found to be 1000 times greate. than those from Quercus acutissima C. However, the emission rates at the Chili and Gumsung mountain sites did not show any significant differences in summer. Cuvette tests using four different oak species also supported that there was a tremendous difference in emission rates between Quercus serrata T. and Quercus acutissima C. It was found that the emission rates from the trees were highest on the order of Quercus serrata T., Quercus aliena B., Quercus acutissima C. and Quercus variabilis B.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.266-272
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• 2009

Morphological characteristics of leaves, trichomes and acorns were investigated in 6-year-old artificial hybrids of Q. aliena ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula and Q. serrata ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula. Leaf shapes of Q. aliena ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula $F_{1}$ were obovate and resembled to that of Q. aliena. But several characters including the size of leaf and petiole and the shape of leaf base resembled to those of Q. mongolica var. crispula. In F1 hybrids, small stellate hairs distributed sparsely on the abaxial surface and their lay length was intermediate between both parents. There were no big differences on characters of nuts and cupules between both parents and $F_{1}$ hybrids. Leaf shapes of Q. serrata ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula $F_{1}$ were obovate-elliptic, and the leaf shape and leaf base and the length of petiole resembled to those of Q. mongolica var. crispula, but leaf size and serration resembled to those of Q. serrata. The number of serration in a leaf was intermediate between both parents. Small stellate hairs distributed sparsely and large single hairs were mixed on the reverse side of leaves. there were no big differences on the number and size of stellate hairs between $F_{1}$ hybrid and Q. serrata. It is able to distinguish $F_{1}$ hybrids from both parents by the size leaf size and shapes, leaf base and serration, petiole length and trichome type in the leaf.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2013

This study was conducted to find the leaf morphological responses of Quercus serrata and Q. aliena which are potential natural vegetation of riverine in Korea under elevated $CO_2$ and increased temperature. Rising $CO_2$ concentration was treated with 1.6 times than control(ambient) and increased temperature with $2.2^{\circ}C$ above the control(ambient) in the glass greenhouse. As a result, leaf width length, leaf lamina weight and leaf area of Q. serrata and Q. aliena was respectively increased, and number of leaves and specific leaf area(SLA) was decreased by elevated $CO_2$ and temperature. Leaf width length, leaf lamina length, leaf lamina weight, number of leaves, leaf area, and specific leaf area of Q. serrata were not statistically significant difference between control and treatment. Leaf width length and leaf weight of Q. aliena was increased, but specific leaf area was decreased. These results indicated that Q. aliena was to be sensitive than Q. serrata in response to global warming situation. According to the principal component analysis(PCA), two oak species were arranged based on factor 1 and 2 in the control and warming treatment. And change on the warming treatment was clearly distinguishable from the Q. aliena than Q. serrata.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.43-50
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• 2002

This paper describes experimental results on the utilization of some Korean oak woods for whisky aging barrel. Some anatomical characteristics as vessel diameter, ray spacing, ray height, existence of tyloses, water absorption and color change of alcohol during immersing of wood samples were examined. The oak woods used in this study were ring-porous. The type of ray was a compound ray consisted of uniseriate ray and broad ray. The ray parenchyma cells were almost procumbent, tyloses were presented in white oak(Quercus aliena, Quercus variabilis, Quercus dentata, Quercus mongolica), but absented in red oak(Quercus rubura). Density of wood samples decreased during immersing in alcohol. Alcohol color in Quercus dentata and Quercus aliena presented more darker than other samples. Water absorption of sapwoods was higher than that of heartwoods. Especially, red oak showed more higher water absorption than white oak. Consequently, Korean white oak woods can be used as the whisky aging barrel.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.120-124
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• 1994

Browse from oriental white oak(Quercus aliena Blume) was analysed for nutritive value and biomass estimation. The content of cmde protein was high on August and September. NDF, ADF and lignin contents were increased with progressing the seasons but IVDMD, TDN, DE and ME levels were not different from the variation of seasons. Tannin content was high on May and June. Basal stem diameter $\times$ height of tress was highly correlated with browse dry weights(r=0.80**) and the linear regression equation are the follows; Y = 8.23 + O.57X(Y = browse dry weight(g), X= basal stem diameter $\times$ height(cm)). Using the traditional cutting method, the amounts of browse was determined as 823 g dry weight per tree, while the new method by the above equation gave a similar results, i. e., 793 g dry weight per tree. The possibility of browse biomass estimation of oriental white oak by the basal stem diameter $\times$ height index was found.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.527-533
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• 2021

The truffle and ectomycorrhizal roots formed by Tuber sp. were collected from the rhizosphere of Quercus aliena in Korea. The morphological characteristics of the ascoma, and molecular phylogenetic analysis using sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) of ribosomal DNA, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF), and RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2) regions confirmed the distinct morphology of the truffle. This truffle belongs to a monophyletic clade among the other Tuber species in the phylogeny. This study describes the truffle, Tuber koreanum, as a new species reported from Korea.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.237-242
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• 2012

In order to determine the ecological characteristics of Quercus serrata and Q. aliena, which are potential natural vegetation of riverine in Korea, we cultivated the seedlings of two oak species under light, soil moisture and nutrient gradients from April to October in glasshouse. Then, we measured aboveground, belowground and total plant biomass and analyzed the differences in growth between two oak species. The two oak species showed decreasing growth with lower light intensity, but reduction in growth of Q. aliena was greater than that of Q. serrata. Q. serrata and Q. aliena had a constant growth state under soil moisture gradients, but Q. aliena grew well more than Q. serrata in lower soil moisture gradient. As soil nutrient availability decreased, the growth of Q. aliena was greater than Q. serrata. These results mean that the growth of two oak species is not affected by soil moisture, but the part of growth in Q. serrata may be positively affected in lower soil moisture condition. Also, Q. serrata has strong shade tolerance and the ability to adapt high nutrient condition relative to Q. aliena. Thus, Q. serrata and Q. aliena will be advantageous for the growth in stream ecosystem due to high light availability, but Q. serrata will be distributed near the lowlands by the water environment. Also, because the two oak species need high soil nutrient, it is important to preserve herbaceous vegetation to prevent nutrients that flowed in the streams.