• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.416-421
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• 2005

Cudrania tricuspidata Bereau (Moraceae) have been used for anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-hyper­tensive and anti-diabetic activities. In order to investigate the efficacy of antioxidant activity, the bio-activity guided fraction and isolation of Biologically active substance were performed. $H_{2}O,\;30\%,\;60\%,\;100%$ MeOH and acetone fractions were examined on the antioxidant activity by DPPH method. It was shown that $30\%,\;60\%,\;100\%$ MeOH fractions have sig­nificantly antioxidant activity. From $30\%$ MeOH fraction, two dihydroflavonoid glycosides dihydroquercetin 7-O-$\beta$-D-glu­copyranoside (I), dihydrokaempferol 7-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (V) were isolated and $60\%$ MeOH fraction, six flavonoids including quercetin 3-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl($1\rightarrow6$)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (II), quercetin 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (III), quercetin 7-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (IV), kaempferol 3-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl($1\rightarrow6$)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (VI), kaempferol 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (VII), kaempferol 7-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (VIII) were isolated. To investigate the antioxidant activities of each compounds, we measured radical scavening activity with DPPH method and anti-lipid per­oxidative efficacy on low density lipoprotein (LDL) with TBARS assay. Four compounds of quercetin glycosides (I, II, III, IV) showed significant antioxidant activity.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2009

Quercetin is one of the main flavonoids from onion. To use quercetin as a functional component for onion food products, the effects of various extraction assisting methods such as juicing methods, microwave, ultrasound and enzyme treatments on the yield of quercetin and its glucosides were investigated. For conventional solvent extraction, the highest yield of quercetin and its glycosides was achieved with 0.8 mL/g of 60% methanol at 50$^{\circ}C$ for 15 min. The juicing methods using mixer and screw showed no influence on the yield. Microwave and ultrasound treatments showed 2.14 times and 2.06 times more quercetin yields than non-treated extraction, respectively. For cellulase and viscozyme treatments, the highest yields of quercetin were achieved with 0.5 mL/g of 1% enzyme-0.1M sodium acetate (pH 5.2) buffer solution. Cellulase and viscozyme treatment improved quercetin yield 1.65 times and 2.29 times more than non-treated one, respectively.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-28
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• 1993

Our previous report demonstrated that certain flavonoid aglycones such as apigenin (flavone), quercetin, morin (flavonols), and biochanin A (isoflavone) showed in vivo antiinflammatory activity via topical and oral routes of adminstation. As a continual study, the various flavonoid glycosides have been evaluated in mouse ear edema assay using archidonic acid or croton-oil as a inflammagen. Flavonoids were orally administered (2 mg/mouse) and ear edema inhibition was measured. Significant antiinflammatory activities were found esepcially in flavone and flavonol glycosides (15-29% inhibition) although the flavonoid derivatives tested showed less antiinflammatory activity than hydrocortisone or indomethacin. Chalcone and flavanone derivatives were not significantly active. And in general, flavonol glycosides of kaempferol-type were found to have a higher oral antiinflammatory activity than that of flavonol glycosides of quercetin-type in mice.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.313-319
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• 2002

A total of eight flavonoids (1-8), including a novel $quercetin-7-o-(6"-o-acetyl)-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (6) and seven known flavonoids, luteolin (1), quercetin (2), luteolin $7-o-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (3), $luteolin-7-o-(6"-Ο-acetyl)-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (4) quercetin $7-o-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (5), acacetin 7-o-{\beta}-D-glucuronide (7) and apigenin-6-C-{\beta}-D-glucopyrano $syl-8-C-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (8), have been isolated from the leaves of the safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and identified on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical studies. The antioxidative activity of these flavonoids was evaluated against 2-deoxyribose degradation and rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation induced by hydroxyl radicals generated via a Fenton-type reaction. Among these flavonoids, luteolin-acetyl-glucoside (4) and quercetin-acetyl-glucoside (6) showed potent antioxidative activities against 2-deoxyribose degradation and lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. Luteolin (1), quercetin (2), and their corresponding glycosides (3 & 5) also exhibited strong antioxidative activity, while acacetin glucuronide (7) and apigenin-6,8-di-C-glucoside (8) were relatively less active.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.591-599
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• 2015

Cercidiphyllum japonicum leaves were collected, air-dried and extracted with 70% aqueous acetone, then concentrated and sequentially fractionated using n-hexane, methylene chloride ($CH_2Cl_2$), ethylacetate (EtOAc), and $H_2O$. A portion of EtOAc fraction (10 g) was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column, by the successively elution with various aqueous $MeOH-H_2O$ (1:9, fraction $1-2{\rightarrow}3:7$, fraction $3-5{\rightarrow}1:1$, fraction $6-9{\rightarrow}7:3$, fraction $10-13{\rightarrow}9:1$, fraction 14-16). Compound 2 was isolated from fraction 6 and compound 1 was separated from fraction 11 and 12. Compound 3 and 4 were purified from fraction 13. The isolated compounds were elucidated as quercetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranoside (1), chlorogenic acid (2), quercetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-arabinofuranoside (3) and quercetin-3-O-${\beta}$-D-xylopyranoside (4) by the spectral and literature data, and by comparison with the authentic samples. These compounds were reported, for the first time, from the extracts of C. japonicum leaves. Also chlorogenic acid (2) has never been reported before in domestic tree species and can be used as an index compound for C. japonicum.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.137-142
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the antioxidant activities of isolated compounds from the shoot of Aralia elata. Methods : The methanol extract from the shoot of Aralia elata was fractionated into ethyl acetate, n-BuOH and $H_2O$ layers through solvent fractionation. Repeated silica gel, ODS column chromatography of n-BuOH layer afforded four flavonol glycosides. Their antioxidant activity was determined by measuring free radical scavenging activity by DPPH, ABTS and superoxide dismutase (SOD) like activity assay. Results : They were identified as quercetin 3,7-di-O-$\alpha$-rhamnopyranoside (1), quercetin 3-O-$\beta$-D-galactoside-7-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamnoside (2), kaempferol 3-O-$\beta$-glucosyl($1{\rightarrow}2$)-$\alpha$-rhamnoside-7-O-$\alpha$-rhamnoside (3) and quercetin 3-O-$\beta$-glucosyl($1{\rightarrow}2$)-$\alpha$-rhamnoside-7-O-$\beta$-rhamnoside (4) on the basis of spectroscopic data. The result showed that 1 is the most active compound in the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging test. Conclusions : Isolated Compounds from the shoot of Aralia elata showed anti-oxidative effect.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005

Eight flavonoids, apigenin-6-C-β-D-glucopyranosy l-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (AGG), quercetin 7-O-β-D­glucopyranoside (QG), luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (LG), quercetin 7-O-(6'-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (QAG), luteolin 7-O-(6'-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(LAG), quercetin (Q), luteolin (L) and acacetin 7-O-β­D-glucuronide (AG) were determined by HPLC in the safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) leaf during growth and processing. During growth, levels of five flavonoid glycosides (AGG, QG, LG, QAG, & LAG) in the leaf increased progressively at over time according to growth stages, reached a maximum before June 11, and then decreased sharply, while those of three flavonoid aglycones (Q, L, & AG) increased greatly at the early stage of growth, reached a peak before May 28, and then decreased rapidly. During the steaming process, contents of five flavonoid glycosides increased rapidly with increased steaming time, reached a maximum after 5 min of steaming, and then decreased, whereas those of flavonoid aglycones except for AG decreased sharply with increased steaming time. During the roasting process, contents of three flavonoid glycosides decreased rapidly with increased roasting time, whereas those of two acetylflavonoid glycosides (QAG & LAG) and three flavonoid aglycones increased progressively with increased roasting time, reached a maximum after 3 min of roasting, and then decreased. These results suggest that appropriate steamed and roasted safflower leaves are a rich source of flavonoids, and may be a good source of bioactive components as a functional leaf tea.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.199-203
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• 1994

Chemical examination of the leaves of Betula platyphylla var. latifolia has led to the isolation and characterization of five flavonoid glycosides including two C-glucosyl flavonoids. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as myricetin $3-O-{\alpha}-_L-rhamnoside$ (myricitrin), $quercetin-3-O-{\beta}-_D-glucopyranoside$ (isoquercitrin), $quercetin-3-O-{\beta}-_D-glucopyranoside$ (hyperoside), $nalingenin-6-C-{\beta}-_D-glucopyranoside$ (hemiphloin) and $aromadendrin-6-C-{\beta}-_D-glucopyranosidre(6-C-glucosyldihydrokaempferol)$ on the basis of physico-chemical and spectroscopic evidences.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.105-108
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• 2000

Impatiens textori Miquel (Balsaminaceae) is an annual plant growing in most parts of Korea. The herb of this plant has been used for the external application of snake poison and the bruise. Previous investigations conducted with the herbs have demonstrated it to contain three flavones and three flavone glycosides. Continuing to previous reports, quercetin, kaempferol and acacetin $7-O-{\beta}-D-glucoside$ were isolated from the herbs of this plant.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.547-552
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• 1999

Phytochemical examination of the leaves of Alnus hirsuta, one of the indigenous species grows in Korea, has led to the isolation of one flavan 3-ol and two flavonol glycosides. Structures of these compounds are identified as (-)-epicatechin (1), quercetin $3-O-{\beta}-D-galactopyranoside$ (2), quercetin $3-O-{\beta}-D-galactopyranoside$ (3) by means of physico-chemical and spectral evidences.