• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.301-307
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• 2018

The development of transport is being easily shared with people all over the world. It is necessary to appropriately and effectively revise the domestic quarantine law because the fatal infectious diseases are at risk of being easily shared. Today, Korea has an advanced quarantine system approved by World Health Organization, but it maintains partnerships with related ministries (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Justice, local medical institutions) and to introduce new medical technology (electronic quarantine) is important. And since the prevention of quarantine infectious diseases and prevention of the spread, in order to maintain international cooperation with the International Health Regulations, the quarantine law and the system should be amended and improved effectively and it is also a way to prepare for the outbreak of new quarantine infectious diseases. In the past, Korea has experienced great confusion during the past outbreak of swine flu and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. To prevent similar cases from recurring in the past, the revision of the quarantine law and the improvement of the system should be done to cope with the changing environment (new infections, increased number of overseas travelers, etc.).

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2006

Residual materials such as veterinary drugs, environmental contaminants, and pesticides are affecting food safety. High resolution techniques and quality controls are needed to analyze these materials from part per million to part per trillion quantities in food. In order to achieve quality results, standardized methods and techniques are required. Our laboratories were prepared to obtain a certificate of accreditation for ISO/IEC 17025 in the analytical criteria of animal drugs, dioxins, pesticides, and heavy metals. ISO together with IEC has built a strategic partnership with the World Trade Organization with the common goal of promoting a free and fair global trading system. ISO collaborates with the United Nations Organization and its specialized agencies and commissions, particularly those involved in the harmonization of regulations and public policies including the World Health Organization and CODEX Alimentarius for food safety measurement, management and traceability. Our goal was to have high quality analysts, proper analytical methods, good laboratory facilities, and safety systems within guidelines of ISO/IEC 17025. All staff members took requirement exams. We applied proficiency tests in the analysis of veterinary drugs (nitrofuran metabolites, sulfonamide and tetracyclines), dioxins, organophosphorus pesticides, and heavy metals (Cd, Pb, As) to the Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme (FAPAS) at Central Science Laboratory, Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), England. The results were very satisfactory. All documents were prepared, including system management, laboratory management, standard operational procedures for testing, reporting, and more. The criteria encompassed the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025:1999. Finally, the Korea Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (KOLAS) accredited our testing laboratories in accordance with the provisions of Article 23 of the National Standards Act. The accreditation will give us the benefit of becoming a regional reference laboratory in Asia.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.170-175
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• 2013

우리나라는 열처리방법을 포함한 식물검역규정에 의하여 외래잡초의 유입방지를 위한 잡초검역을 실시하고 있다. 현행 열처리기준의 적절성을 확인하고 검역잡초의 발아력을 완전히 제거하기 위한 열처리조건을 구명하여 식물검역에 활용하기 위하여 검역잡초 9종과 검역잡초와 유사한 잡초 1종의 종자를 재료로 하여 건열처리와 상대습도 40%의 습열처리에 의한 사멸조건을 연구하였다. 다양한 온도 및 시간별 건열처리 결과 $95^{\circ}C$에서 48시간, $100^{\circ}C$에서 36시간, $110^{\circ}C$에서 24시간, $121^{\circ}C$에서 4시간, $130^{\circ}C$에서 30분 처리 후 모든 종자가 사멸되었고, 상대습도 40%에서의 습열처리 결과 $85^{\circ}C$에서 36시간, $90^{\circ}C$에서 16시간 습열처리 후 모든 종자가 사멸하였다. 상기의 결과는 현행 열처리기준이 검역잡초 몇 종에는 적용하기에 적합하지 않음을 보여주며, 검역잡초종자의 발아력을 제거할 수 있는 이 열처리조건은 수입농산물을 통한 검역잡초의 유입을 방지하기 위한 검역의 한 방법으로 적용할 수 있을 것이다. Picris echioides와 같이 강한 내열성이 있는 종과 새삼속(Cuscuta spp.)과 같이 열에 민감한 종을 위한 별도의 열처리조건이 필요하며 이는 다른 내열성의 검역잡초 종자를 사멸시키는 검역업무의 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2000

배를 캐나다 등 외국에 수출할 시는 수출 상대국의 검역요건에 맞추어 주어야 한다. 수출국 특히 캐나다에 수출되는 배의 검역상 문제점을 찾아 그 해결법을 제시하고자 수출 조건에서 수출 단계별 검역규제병해충을 조사하였다. 조사 결과 복숭아명나방과 복숭아순 나방이 발견되었으나 이들은 저온처리로 인하여 모두 사멸되었다. 해충은 복숭아심식나방류 유충이 과실로 이동되는 시기에 방제를 소홀히 한 생산지 과실에서 발견되었으므로 복숭아명나방 등 심식나방류 유충이 과실로 이동되는 시기에 예찰을 철저히 하여 적기방제 하는 것이 필요하다. 한편 병원균은 과실의 선과 작업과 이동할 때 생긴 압상, 자상 등 상처를 통하여 Penicillium sp. 및 Alternaria sp.의 부생균이 감염된 것이 발견되고 검역병원균은 발견되지 않았다. 그러나 이들 병원균도 비록 비검역병원균이라고 하지만 부패과실이 일정비율 초과할 경우 수출자가 수입자에게 이를 보상하여야 하므로 수출배 중 외피가 얇은 황금배 등은 수확 후 운송과정과 선과장 선과 작업 중에 특별한 주의가 요구된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2008

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are ubiquitous and can contaminate the food chain. A study monitoring PCDD/Fs in imported meat was conducted at the National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service (NVRQS, Republic of Korea) in order to maintain food safety from the bioaccumulative PCDD/Fs. Seventeen PCDD/Fs with toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) established by World Health Organization (WHO, 1998) were analyzed in imported beef, pork, and chicken by high resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HR-GC/MS). Results of the monitoring for the last 5 years are presented. The levels of PCDD/Fs were similar to other studies except two unusually high concentrations in pork and beef. Excessive levels greater than the Korean provisional maximum residue limit of PCDD/Fs were found in a sample of pork imported from Chile and a sample of beef imported from U.S, and those products were rejected and returned. There was no obvious trend or differences with respect to time or origin of meat in this study.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to assess the possibility of detecting Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) from the herd-based oral fluids specimens collected by the cotton ropes from pig farms that were found as FMDV nonstructural protein (NSP) antibodies positive. The cotton ropes were applied to detect FMDV in the selected pig farms which NSP antibodies were continuously detected in 2016, including the one pig farm which FMDV antigen were detected at the specimens from the pigsty environment. As the result, FMDV antigen were not detected in the oral fluid specimens collected by the cotton ropes. Theoretically, to detect FMDV antigen from the pigs with NSP antibodies has very low possibility because FMDV antigen disappeared at the time when NSP antibodies were produced by FMDV. Therefore, in order to detect FMDV antigen from the oral fluids using the cotton rope, it would be more effective to be applied to target the FMDV infected pigs rather than the NSP antibodies positive pigs. The collected oral fluids using cotton rope could be useful test specimens to monitor high-density pig populations for FMDV infection. Then, oral fluids sampling using cotton rope will be used for the efficient FMDV surveillance to detect FMDV antigen.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.291-296
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• 2011

In order to detect quarantine plant viruses, we developed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) primer pairs for five single-stranded (ss) plant RNA viruses that are not currently reported in Korea but could be potential harmful plant viral pathogens. Three viruses such as Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), Colombian datura virus (CDV), and Tobacco etch virus (TEV) belong to the genus Potyvirus while Chrysanthemum stem necrosis virus (CSNV) and Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) are members of the genus Tospovirus. To design RT-PCR primers, we used reported gene sequences corresponding to the capsid protein and polyprotein for ChiVMV, CDV, and TEV while using nucleocapsid protein regions for CSNV and IYSV. At least two different primer pairs were designed for each virus. Fifteen out of 16 primer pairs were successfully applied in detection of individual quarantine virus with high specificity and efficiency. Taken together, this study provides a rapid and useful protocol for detection of five quarantine viruses.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.505-514
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the isolation prequency, serotypes, and related epidemiological properties of 341 Salmonella spp from domestic poultry and environmental samples during the period 1993-1995. A total of 1,918 samples was collected during the three years period in nationwide. Most of Salmonella spp were isolated from the intestinal contents of poultry, especially cecal(46.0%) and rectal(35.8%) contents. Among the tested samples, rat(28.5 %) was the most predominant Salmonella reservoirs and followed by duck(24.8%), broiler(18.8%), layer(14.8%) and feed(7.1%), in order. More than twelve Salmonella serovars were identified among the 341 Salmonella isolates. The most prevalent serotypes isolated from non-human sources were S enteritidis (22.3%) and S pullorum (21.9%), S muenchen (13.9%), S typhimurium (12.6%), S gallinarum, S meleagridis, S heidelberg, and S senftenberg were followed, in order. In layer chickens, S pullorum (26.0%) was the most predominant serotype but S muenchen (33.0%) was in broiler chickens, S enteritidis (28.4%) was in ducks, and S typhimurium (60.0%) was in rats, respectively. As a results, S enteritidis was identified as the most prevalent serotype in non-human Salmonella isolates in Korea during the period 1993-1995. A preliminary study on the phage typing of 19 S enteritidis selected from the nationwide scale was shown that S enteritidis phage type(PT) 4 was the most predominant PT, and SEPT 1, SEPT 6a, SEPT 7 and SEPT 7a variant were also found in the same period.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2020

Standard samples were prepared for this study, and applied for BactoScan^TM and BactoCount^TM in order for quality control evaluation for total bacterial count in raw milk. Accordingly, the preparation of two lots of standard samples for quality control were lyophilized, which contain Lactobacillus lactis. The standard samples were prepared into three different levels of bacterial counts, those were Low 30,000~40,000, Medium 70,000~90,000, High 150,000~220,000 CFU/mL, respectively. Then, the proficiency tests were performed in total 19 laboratories for measuring total bacterial counts. The total bacterial counts in the standard samples showed 37~42, 82~105, 214~240 CFU/mL in the first lot, and it showed 30~36, 67~75, 131~163 CFU/mL in the second lot in low, medium and high levels, respectively. Based on these results, the absolute values of z-scores of six standard samples in 18 laboratories were ≤2, which means the samples are satisfactory. However, z-score in one laboratory was ≤3, which means the sample is questionable. Using two standard samples, the correlation between BactoScan^TM and BactoCount^TM was 0.9982, which means the results of total bacterial count measurement of both equipment were equivalent. Therefore, the standard samples manufactured in this study for quality control of total bacterial count using BactoScan^TM and BactoCount^TM in the raw milk could be applied to proficiency tests.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2021

공공장소에서 지속적으로 방역을 수행하기 위해서는 인력확보가 쉽지 않은데 자율주행 기반 로봇을 활용하면 인력으로 인한 문제를 해결할 수 있다. 자율주행 기반 방역로봇은 별도의 인력 투입 없이 공공기관과 병원 등의 유해 바이러스 확산 및 질병을 지속적으로 예방 가능하다. 자율주행 기능은 피나클 필터 알고리즘을 적용하여 위치를 추정하고, 방역은 UV살균시스템 및 이산화염소 분사시스템을 적용하였다. 주행시간은 3시간 이상, 위치 오차는 0.5m.이내, 정지 회피하는 기능은 95%, 장애물 감지 거리는 1.5m에서 동작하였다, 자동충전 복구는 배터리 잔량 10%에서 충전거치대로 이동하여 충전이 되었다. 무인방역시스템으로 방역한 결과 인력배치 없이 UV살균은 99%, 이산화염소는 95% 이상 살균되어 막대한 사회적 비용을 절감하는데 자율주행 방역로봇이 기여할 수 있다.