• Title/Summary/Keyword: Quantity calculation

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Literature Study on the Sustainale Performance of Concrete Focus on the Amount of Discharge and Absorption of $CO_2$ Gas ($CO_2$ 배출량 및 흡수량을 중심으로 한 콘크리트의 친환경성능 평가에 관한 문헌적 연구)

  • Lee, Han-Seung;You, Jo-Hyeong;Wang, Xiayong;Lee, Sang-Hyun;Lee, Sang-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2006.11a
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    • pp.737-740
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    • 2006
  • A cement which is used in construction and a concrete which is a hydration product of cement is considered anti-environmental materials because of lots of $CO_2$ emission in progress of producing and making them. But a concrete absorbs the $CO_2$ gas in atmosphere after hydration and in its lifetime. Based on Papadakis' theses, this research is carried on calculation of the $CO_2$ absorption quantity in concrete. Also, the emission of $CO_2$ was calculated by cement manufacture. As a result, It is said that the $CO_2$ which was emitted during cement manufacturing, was absorbed the 53% of emission quantity by the carbonation of concrete.

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A Study on the Intelligent Quick Response System for Fast Fashion(IQRS-FF) (패스트 패션을 위한 지능형 신속대응시스템(IQRS-FF)에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Hyun-Sung;Park, Kwang-Ho
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.163-179
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    • 2010
  • Recentlythe concept of fast fashion is drawing attention as customer needs are diversified and supply lead time is getting shorter in fashion industry. It is emphasized as one of the critical success factors in the fashion industry how quickly and efficiently to satisfy the customer needs as the competition has intensified. Because the fast fashion is inherently susceptible to trend, it is very important for fashion retailers to make quick decisions regarding items to launch, quantity based on demand prediction, and the time to respond. Also the planning decisions must be executed through the business processes of procurement, production, and logistics in real time. In order to adapt to this trend, the fashion industry urgently needs supports from intelligent quick response(QR) system. However, the traditional functions of QR systems have not been able to completely satisfy such demands of the fast fashion industry. This paper proposes an intelligent quick response system for the fast fashion(IQRS-FF). Presented are models for QR process, QR principles and execution, and QR quantity and timing computation. IQRS-FF models support the decision makers by providing useful information with automated and rule-based algorithms. If the predefined conditions of a rule are satisfied, the actions defined in the rule are automatically taken or informed to the decision makers. In IQRS-FF, QRdecisions are made in two stages: pre-season and in-season. In pre-season, firstly master demand prediction is performed based on the macro level analysis such as local and global economy, fashion trends and competitors. The prediction proceeds to the master production and procurement planning. Checking availability and delivery of materials for production, decision makers must make reservations or request procurements. For the outsourcing materials, they must check the availability and capacity of partners. By the master plans, the performance of the QR during the in-season is greatly enhanced and the decision to select the QR items is made fully considering the availability of materials in warehouse as well as partners' capacity. During in-season, the decision makers must find the right time to QR as the actual sales occur in stores. Then they are to decide items to QRbased not only on the qualitative criteria such as opinions from sales persons but also on the quantitative criteria such as sales volume, the recent sales trend, inventory level, the remaining period, the forecast for the remaining period, and competitors' performance. To calculate QR quantity in IQRS-FF, two calculation methods are designed: QR Index based calculation and attribute similarity based calculation using demographic cluster. In the early period of a new season, the attribute similarity based QR amount calculation is better used because there are not enough historical sales data. By analyzing sales trends of the categories or items that have similar attributes, QR quantity can be computed. On the other hand, in case of having enough information to analyze the sales trends or forecasting, the QR Index based calculation method can be used. Having defined the models for decision making for QR, we design KPIs(Key Performance Indicators) to test the reliability of the models in critical decision makings: the difference of sales volumebetween QR items and non-QR items; the accuracy rate of QR the lead-time spent on QR decision-making. To verify the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed models, a case study has been performed for a representative fashion company which recently developed and launched the IQRS-FF. The case study shows that the average sales rateof QR items increased by 15%, the differences in sales rate between QR items and non-QR items increased by 10%, the QR accuracy was 70%, the lead time for QR dramatically decreased from 120 hours to 8 hours.

A Study on the Model Development for Production of Interior Drawings and estimation of Quantities (실내도면 작성과 물량산출을 위한 모델 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 정례화;이승우;추승연
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • no.19
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    • pp.30-37
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    • 1999
  • This study presents a methods on the construction of integrated system for the purpose of automation of design plans, calculation of quantity of materials and estimation by abstracting information on building materials which is produced on the course of three dimension modeling by using computer. Therefore, an object oriented methodology is introduced to compose design informations in three dimension, space for unifying building informations, and expressing properties of building factors and materials, and to construct a database for computers to recognize architecture informations. An object indicates a conceptual individual existing in real world or existence of individual and necessity in composing a building could be called as objects such as column, wall, beam, slab, door and window and these contain materiality and immateriality. It is systemized to which properties of these building's objects are installed by the user of computer and by API(Application Programming Interface), chosen informations automatically converse to each unit work such as design plan structure plan, calculation of amount of materials, etc.

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Methodological study on the High Dynamic Range Imaging Processing (채광·조명설비시스템의 광학 분석을 위한 이미지 프로세싱 기법에 관한 연구)

  • Lim, Hong Soo;Kim, Gon
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.3-8
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    • 2010
  • Recently, various daylight evaluation methods for visual environment have been developed; simulation analysis methods, numerical calculation, and data monitoring methods. However, it is impossible for simulation analysis to make real scenes and visualize real images exactly. Also, a numerical calculation is considered as an out of date and time-consuming mean. Therefore, for acquisition of accurate results, many studies often use the monitoring data methods. Especially, most studies regarding discomfort glare are evaluated by measuring the physical quantity of luminance through traditional measuring Minolta Luminance meters as an instrument. But, this method has a difficulty in measuring several points at the same time because of the limitation of spaces and time when mapping. So, this study focused on the potential usefulness of High Dynamic Range photography technique as a luminance mapping tool. In order to evaluate the accuracy of proposed programs such as webHDR, Photomatix and PHOTOLUX, this paper has conducted an experiment by using Canon EOS 5D and NICON Coolpix8400 digital camera.

Study of Economic Damage Due to Windows Device Driver Failure (Windows System에서 Device Driver Failure로 인한 경제적인 피해 산출 모델 연구)

  • Kim, Sung-Min
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 2008.06a
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    • pp.1163-1164
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    • 2008
  • From the complexities and functional/operational expectations, the compositions of PC devices requires Device Drivers to deliver full performance of the Hardware. However, due to quick transition of hardwares and expectations of better performance of the system. As a rest users are exposed of unexpected failures of device drivers which will cause malfunction of the system which consequently cause damages in quantity as well as quality wise. In this paper, the method of calculation and/or forecast to unexpected failure will be suggested. It may not be the answer but can be a guide to calculation to economic damage due to device driver failure.

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Computations of the Lyapunov exponents from time series

  • Kim, Dong-Seok;Park, Eun-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.595-604
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    • 2012
  • In this article, we consider chaotic behavior happened in nonsmooth dynamical systems. To quantify such a behavior, a computation of Lyapunov exponents for chaotic orbits of a given nonsmooth dynamical system is focused. The Lyapunov exponent is a very important concept in chaotic theory, because this quantity measures the sensitive dependence on initial conditions in dynamical systems. Therefore, Lyapunov exponents can decide whether an orbit is chaos or not. To measure the sensitive dependence on initial conditions for nonsmooth dynamical systems, the calculation of Lyapunov exponent plays a key role, but in a theoretical point of view or based on the definition of Lyapunov exponents, Lyapunov exponents of nonsmooth orbit could not be calculated easily, because the Jacobian derivative at some point in the orbit may not exists. We use an algorithmic calculation method for computing Lyapunov exponents using time series for a two dimensional piecewise smooth dynamic system.

Comparison and Calculation Method on the Separation Between ICT and Power Cabling Considering EMC (EMC를 고려한 ICT배선과 전력배선 이격거리 기준의 비교검토 및 산정방식)

  • Yeom, Jin-Geun;Jeong, Seung-Hyun;Byeon, Cheol-Gyun;Lee, Ju-Cheol
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.28 no.7
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    • pp.91-96
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    • 2014
  • The requirements for separation between ICT cables and power cables depend upon the electromagnetic immunity of the ICT cable, the construction of the power cable, the quantity of, and type of electrical circuits and the presence of dividers etc. We studied and reviewed the regulations and standards relevant for requirements of this separation in domestic and foreign. And then we would like to suggest the method of separation calculation between ICT and power cabling taking the EMC into consideration.

A Study on Motion Estimator Design Using Bit Plane (비트 플레인을 이용한 움직임 추정기 설계의 관한 연구)

  • 김병철;조원경
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 1999.06a
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    • pp.403-406
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    • 1999
  • Among the compression methods of moving picture information, a motion estimation method is used to remove time-repeating. The Block Matching Algorithm in motion estimation methods is the commonest one. In recent days, it is required the more advanced high quality in many image processing fields, for example HDTV, etc. Therefore, we have to accomplish not by means of Partial Search Algorithm, but by means of Full Search Algorithm in Block Matching Algorithm. In this paper, it is suggested a structure that reduce total calculation quantity and size, because the structure using Bit Plane select and use only 3bit of 8bit luminance signal.

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An Experimental Study on the Seapage Action of the Inclined Core Wall (경사심벽에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • 신방웅
    • Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.3585-3593
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    • 1974
  • This thesis a result of theoretical and experimental studies on the shape of seepage line and seepage quantities in various inclined core walls. The value of this determination was examined and compared with the values of calculation acquaired to be based on Fukutas, Jin's and author's approximate equation of the theory. Thus the writer of this paper confirms that the seepage quantity can be decreased by changing the types of the inclined core wall and it's change of the slope.

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