• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.8776-8790
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• 2015

As a follow-up research of a qualitative study conducted by Lee(2015), this study needed to carry out a quantitative research targeting not a group of experts but of working-level staff and verify the validity of the assessment scales. As far as the study learned from an exploratory factor analysis of the preliminary research, these 12 questions that were incorrectly categorized or that presented outliers had to be removed and as a consequence, the researcher of the study was led to an outcome(75 Items) that would correspond to this factor structure which one had temporarily set up. For the next step, in order to carry out a confirmatory factor analysis, the study worked on verification on a four-stage structural equation model with each of the factors which the researcher had established applied by stage. In the end, a result to confirm how the model's goodness of fit eventually increases with the factors which the researcher had set up added was gained and lastly, another outcome to agree to the hair designers' expertise practice model which the researcher had created was obtained. In the meantime, in terms of the assessment scales which this study has discussed, the study assumes that since the scales accepted a self-rating method, it may lead not only to increase in expertise through self-reflection but also to establishment of a rational class system based on results of objective expertise measuring but not of subjective judgment by superiors.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.373-383
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• 2021

The purpose of this research was to develop an un-tact group counseling program to deal with the conflicts in the relationship of unmarried couples and to verify the effect of the program for improving emotional cognition and emotion regulation of unmarried couples. The research procedure consisted of the program development step and the program verification step, and in detail, 8 steps of program development processes were established. The subjects of the research were 11 unmarried couples, and 4 group were organized. The group counseling program was conducted once a week (2 sessions), a total of 10 sessions for 5 weeks. The effect was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. As a result of quantitative analysis, the participant's relationship satisfaction was significantly improved and there was a significant change in some relationship emotional schemas of participants. As a result of qualitatively analysis through participant's program review, participant's emotional understanding and the couple relationship were improved, and the group effect of the couple group counseling was found. Finally, the significance and limitations of this study were presented.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.362-368
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• 2020

In this study, the gallic acid content of various varieties of chestnuts (Daebo, Okgwang, Chukpa, Samjosaeng) was investigated during the period between May 2018 to July 2019. A quantitative analysis was performed by HPLC using extracts of chestnut, inner skin, outer skin, branches, chestnut, male flower, and the male flower for each type of chestnut tree. Gallic acid was identified by dissolving standard gallic acid in water and analyzed three times in the concentration range of 100, 200, 250, and 500ppm. Linearity was confirmed by the peak area ratio at each concentration. Among the different chestnut varieties, the gallic acid content was highest at 0.0863% in Chukpa, followed by Daebo, Okgwang, and Samjosaeng. While comparing the average gallic acid content of each part of the chestnut tree, it was observed that the falling male flower had the highest content at 1.2100%, followed by chestnut leaves, chestnut pines, and branches. In a comparison of the inner skins, the Daebo variety had the highest gallic acid content at 0.7463% followed by Chukpa, Okgwang, and Samjosaeng. The outer skin of Samjosaeng had the highest content at 0.4918%, followed by Chukpa, Daebo, and Okgwang. The pines of the Samjosaeng chestnut had the highest content at 1.3035%, followed by Daebo, Chukpa, and Okgwang.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.67-75
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to present an appropriate management plan as a supplement to the scientific evidence of the currently operated distancing system for preventing COVID-19. The currently being used mathematical models are expressed as simultaneous ordinary differential equations, there is a problem in that it is difficult to use them for the management of entry and exit of small business owners. In order to supplement this point, in this paper, a method for quantitatively expressing the risk of infection by people who gather is presented in consideration of the allowable risk given to the gathering space, the basic infection reproduction index, and the risk reduction rate due to vaccination. A simple quantitative model was developed that manages the probability of infection in a probabilistic level according to a set of visitors by considering both the degree of infection risk according to the vaccination status (non-vaccinated, primary inoculation, and complete vaccination) and the epidemic status of the virus. In a given example using the model, the risk was reduced to 55% when 20% of non-vaccinated people were converted to full vaccination. It was suggested that management in terms of quarantine can obtain a greater effect than medical treatment. Based on this, a generalized model that can be applied to various situations in consideration of the type of vaccination and the degree of occurrence of confirmed cases was also presented. This model can be used to manage the total risk of people gathered at a certain space in a real time, by calculating individual risk according to the type of vaccine, the degree of inoculation, and the lapse of time after inoculation.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.817-823
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• 2023

Manufacturing plants face the challenge of reducing energy use in response to climate change. Reducing energy consumption can be seen as one of the most important issues, such as reducing production costs and improving efficiency. Among manufacturing industries, the increase in energy consumption in the food industry is gradually increasing along with the improvement of the standard of living and the increase in population. In order to save energy in food processing plants, it is important to identify and analyze energy consumption characteristics in energy-consuming processes. Prior to this, it is necessary to monitor and analyze existing energy consumption to derive reduction measures. In this study, a small and medium-sized food processing plant producing processed meat products was used as a case study to identify and analyze the energy consumption structure at typical cycle/stage level of the batch heating process. From this, we tried to establish realistic and quantitative goals that can be obtained under individual process operating conditions. The results of this study will be used as basic data for the development of diffusion and pervasive energy saving FEMS technology for common core processes of food factories of small and medium-sized enterprises in the future.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.169-174
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• 2024

This study purports to identify the factors that contribute to the classification of age groups or generations of Koreans. Independent variables such as respondents' attitudes toward welfare, attitudes toward equity, education level, perception of inequality in Korean society, tax awareness, and health status are included in the model that were put into the analysis with the main interest. Since this study does not construct any hypothesis prior to analysis, the nature of this study can be said exploratory. The data utilized for the analysis are from the 17th year of the Korean Welfare Panel collected in 2022, and a linear discrimination analysis technique will be used. First and foremost, a theoretical review of the generational classification will be conducted through domestic and international literature in the past. To date, there is no quantitative studies in Korea that have a significant influence on the generational classification. Therefore, in this study, a theoretical review of political tendencies and values, which are estimated to have a significant influence on the generational classification, that is, the difference between generations, will be significant. The perception and attitude toward welfare will be discussed in the review of values. Next, analysis models, analysis techniques, and variables to be used in the analysis will be introduced. After

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.75-89
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• 2023

As the Mekong River basin is a nationally shared river, it is difficult to collect precipitation data, and the quantitative and qualitative quality of the data sets differs from country to country, which may increase the uncertainty of hydrological analysis results. Recently, with the development of remote sensing technology, it has become easier to obtain grid-based precipitation products(GPPs), and various hydrological analysis studies have been conducted in unmeasured or large watersheds using GPPs. In this study, rainfall-runoff simulation in the Mekong River basin was conducted using the SWAT model, which is a quasi-distribution model with three satellite GPPs (TRMM, GSMaP, PERSIANN-CDR) and two GPPs (APHRODITE, GPCC). Four water level stations, Luang Prabang, Pakse, Stung Treng, and Kratie, which are major outlets of the main Mekong River, were selected, and the parameters of the SWAT model were calibrated using APHRODITE as an observation value for the period from 2001 to 2011 and runoff simulations were verified for the period form 2012 to 2013. In addition, using the ConvAE, a convolutional neural network model, spatio-temporal correction of original satellite precipitation products was performed, and rainfall-runoff performances were compared before and after correction of satellite precipitation products. The original satellite precipitation products and GPCC showed a quantitatively under- or over-estimated or spatially very different pattern compared to APHPRODITE, whereas, in the case of satellite precipitation prodcuts corrected using ConvAE, spatial correlation was dramatically improved. In the case of runoff simulation, the runoff simulation results using the satellite precipitation products corrected by ConvAE for all the outlets have significantly improved accuracy than the runoff results using original satellite precipitation products. Therefore, the bias correction technique using the ConvAE technique presented in this study can be applied in various hydrological analysis for large watersheds where rain guage network is not dense.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.9
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• pp.1378-1386
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• 2013

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease characterized by chronic and relapsing inflammatory dermatitis with immunological disturbances. In spite of the continuous increase in the incidence of AD, it is regrettable that till date there is no effective treatment to treat the same. Therefore, the present study was designed to examine the possible anti-atopic effects of Castanea crenata inner shell extracts fermented by Lactobacillus bifermentans (FCS) in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) induced AD in NC/Nga mice. Based on the results of HPLC analysis, we found that FCS contains anti-inflammatory factors such as gallic acid (10.18 mg/g) and ellagic acid (2.14 mg/g). The groups that we have used in this study included 0.1%, 1%, 5% fermented Castanea crenata inner shell extracts (FCS 0.1, FCS 1, FCS 5), 1,3-butylene glycol treated control (AD), and normal mice. After topical FCS treatment, we observed that the clinical severity score for AD was lower in both the FCS 1 and FCS 5 groups than the AD group. We also proved beyond doubt that there was improvement of melanin, erythema and skin moisture indices in the FCS 5 group. Spleen index and gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$ were significantly decreased in the FCS 5 group compared to the AD group (P<0.05). Further, we also found that the level of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the FCS-treated group was decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of our study suggest that FCS can be effectively used as a cosmeceutical ingredient for both the prevention and improvement of AD.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.327-338
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• 2004

The purpose of this research is to establish a concept of the factor of safety of tunnels which is a quantitative estimate of the stability of tunnels. Based on this concept, a numerical technique which calculates the factor of safety of tunnels was developed. To obtain the safety factor of a tunnel, the strength reduction technique in which a series of analyses are repeated with reduced ground strength until the tunnel collapses were employed. With this technique, the failure plane, as well as the factor of safety, can be obtained without prescribing the trial failure plane. Analyses were conducted with FLA $C^{2D}$(ver3.3), a geotechnical analysis program which is based on the finite difference method. From the result, the location of plastic zones, the maximum convergence and the maximum stress generated in the support system were also analyzed. The result shows that factors of safety are higher for the 1st and 2nd rock classes, and lower for the lower rock classes. Furthermore, factor of safety is higher when $K_{0}$ =0.5 compared to at in case of $K_{0}$ =2.0. Through this research, it is found that the factor of safety defined in this research can be used as a good quantitative index representing the stability of tunnels. Also, close examination of the results can help adjustment of the quantity and location of additional supports.s.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.361-368
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to know the clinical usefulness of optimal b-values by quantitative, qualitative evaluation of DW-MRI for lesions of benignity and malignity of female pelvis. The b-values used in DWI were 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400($s/mm^2$). Mean SNR and CNR of myoma in b-value 800 were the highest result as $84.6{\pm}4.57$(p=0.024) and $50.13{\pm}5.47$(p=0.028), Mean SNR and CNR of cervical cancer were the highest result as $12.0{\pm}2.04$(p=0.047) and $10.6{\pm}1.24$(p=0.001), Mean ADC value in myoma and cervical cancer in b-value 800 were $1.19{\times}10^{-3}mm^2/s$(p=0.008), $0.96{\times}10^{-3}mm^2/s$(p=0.027). As a qualitative analysis, the delineation and conspicuity were the highest result as $4.02{\pm}0.18$(p=0.028), $4.39{\pm}0.25$(p=0.015) on b-value 800. DW-MRI is an important method, and the optimal b values is 800 $s/mm^2$ for differentiation between benign and malignant lesions of female pelvis.