• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2018

It is widely accepted that altered metabolism contributes to cancer growth and has been described as a hallmark of cancer. Our view and understanding of cancer metabolism has expanded at a rapid pace, however, there remains a need to study metabolic dependencies of human cancer in vivo. Recent studies have sought to utilize multi-modality imaging (MMI) techniques in order to build a more detailed and comprehensive understanding of cancer metabolism. MMI combines several in vivo techniques that can provide complementary information related to cancer metabolism. We describe several non-invasive imaging techniques that provide both anatomical and functional information related to tumor metabolism. These imaging modalities include: positron emission tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) that uses hyperpolarized probes and optical imaging utilizing bioluminescence and quantification of light emitted. We describe how these imaging modalities can be combined with mass spectrometry and quantitative immunochemistry to obtain more complete picture of cancer metabolism. In vivo studies of tumor metabolism are emerging in the field and represent an important component to our understanding of how metabolism shapes and defines cancer initiation, progression and response to treatment. In this review we describe in vivo based studies of cancer metabolism that have taken advantage of MMI in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. MMI promises to advance our understanding of cancer metabolism in both basic research and clinical settings with the ultimate goal of improving detection, diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients.

• KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
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• 제11C권2호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2001

Abstract- In this paper, a new Partial Discharge (PD) detection using Pockels cell was proposed and considerable apparent chaotic characteristics were discussed. For this purpose, PD was generated from needle-plane electrode in air and detecte by optical measuring system using Pockels cell, based on Mach-Zehner interferometer, consisting of He-Ne laser, single mode optical fiber, 50/50 beam splitter and photo detector. In addition, the presence of chaos of the PD signals has been investigated by examining their means of qualitative and quantitative information. For the former, return map and 3-dimensional strange attractor have been drawn in order to investigate the presence of chaotic characteristics relevant to PD signals, detected through CT and Peckels sensor respectively, in the normalized time series. The presence of strange attractor indicates the existence of fractal structures in it's phase space. For the latter, several dimension values of strange attractor were verified sequentially. Throughout this paper, it is likely that the chaotic characteristics regarding the PD signals under air are verified.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.238-248
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• 2015

Sleep related breathing disorders(SRBDs) are a group of diseases accompanied by difficulties in respiration and ventilation during sleep. Central sleep apnea, obstructive sleep apnea(OSA), sleep-related hypoventilation, and hypoxemia disorder are included in this disease entity. OSA is known to be the most common SRBDs and studies show its significant correlation with general health problems including hypertension, arrhythmia, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. The diagnostic process of OSA is composed of physical examinations of the head and neck area and also the oral cavity. Radiologic studies including cephalography, CT, MRI, and fluoroscopy assist in identifying the site of obstruction. However, polysomnography(PSG) is still considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of OSA since it offers both qualitative and quantitative recording of the events during a whole night's sleep. The dentist who is trained in sleep medicine can easily identify patients with the risk of OSA starting from simple questions and screening questionnaires. Diagnosis is the first step to treatment and considering the high rate of under-diagnosis for OSA the dentist may play a substantial role in the diagnosis and treatment of OSA which will eventually lead to the well-being of the patient as a whole person. So the objective of this article is to assist dental professionals in gaining knowledge and insight of the diagnostic measures for OSA including PSG.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.26-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze the equity of health care utilization by income groups in terms of both quantity and quality of care, which is measured by expenditure, type of care, and type of health care institutions. Equity in health care utilization is measured by HIwv index, based on the survey of 1,480 Gwangju-Jeonnam residents. Health care utilization in terms of the probability and quantity of outpatient and inpatient care show equitable or pro-poor inequitable distribution, whereas the distribution of health care expenditure, which can account for the quality of care, is pro-rich inequitable, implying that the better off tend to use more expensive medical care. In terms of the types of care, simple visits for basic care show equitable distribution, whereas the distribution of the utilization of traditional tonic medicine, comprehensive health examination, CT, MRI, and ultrasound is pro-rich inequitable. Utilization of general hospitals and traditional health institutions show pro-rich inequitable distribution, hospitals and dental care institutions equitable, and physician clinics and public health centers pro-poor inequitable.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2019년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.291-292
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• 2019

본 논문은 의료영상을 기반으로 근감소증의 정량적 평가를 위한 특화된 분석 소프트웨어에 대하여 기술한다. 특히, 제안한 분석 소프트웨어는 복부 CT영상에서 근감소증 영상분석에 중요한 인자인 근육, 피하지방 그리고 내장지방의 영역을 반자동 방식으로 세그멘테이션하여 정량화 할 수 있다. 또한 각각의 영역별 레이블링 영상을 다양한 포맷으로 생성할 수 있다. 분석 소프트웨어는 근감소증의 진단 및 정량적 평가를 정의하는 출발점이 될 것으로 기대하고 있으며, 다양한 질환에 대해 분석에 적용이 가능하다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.1610-1615
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• 2019

Positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) scanning has the advantage of less additional exposure to radiation than does PET/computed tomography (CT). In particular, MR based attenuation correction (MR AC) can greatly affect the image quality of PET and is frequently obtained using various MR sequences. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to quantitatively compare the image quality between MR non-AC (MR NAC) and MR AC in PET images with three MR sequences. Percent image uniformity (PIU), percent contrast recovery (PCR), and percent background variability (PBV) were estimated to evaluate the quality of PET images with MR AC. Based on the results of PIU, 15.2% increase in the average quality was observed for PET images with MR AC than for PET images with MR NAC. In addition, 28.6% and 71.1% improvement in the average results of PCR and PBV respectively, was observed for PET images with MR AC compared with that with MR NAC. Moreover, no significant difference was observed among the average values using three MR sequences. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that PET with MR AC improved the image quality and can be help diagnosis in all MR sequence cases.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.151-160
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• 2021

The purposes of this research were: 1) to analyze the confirmatory factors with the business operational model of entrepreneurs of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the textile and clothing industry, and 2) to verify the congruence of the model with the operational ways of the entrepreneurs of SMEs in the textile and clothing industry. The sample consisted of 500 small and medium enterprise entrepreneurs in the textile and clothing industry. This study was quantitative research and the instrument used to collect the data was a questionnaire. The data was analyzed using 1^st order and 2^nd order of confirmatory analysis (CFA). The findings of this research revealed that the model of SMEs in the textile and clothing industry was overall at a high level. Four main factors were used for the model of SMEs in the textile and clothing industry by their importance in descending order as follows: marketing mix (MM), collaboration network (CN), production inventory management (PIM), and creativity (CT). The results of verification of model congruence revealed the model of SMEs in the textile and clothing industry was fit and in accordance with the empirical data.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2009

Sex-sorting of sperm is an assisted reproductive technology (ART) used by the livestock industry for the mass production of animals of a desired sex. The standard method for sorting sperm is the detection of DNA content differences between X and Y chromosome-bearing sperm by flow cytometry. However, this method has variable efficiency and therefore requires verification by a second method. We have developed a sex determination method based on quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of the porcine amelogenin (AMEL) gene. The AMEL gene is present on both the X and the Y chromosome, but the length and sequence of its noncoding regions differ between the X and Y chromosomes. By measuring the threshold cycle (Ct) of qPCR, we were able to calculate the relative frequency of X chromosome. Two sets of AMEL primers were used in these studies. One set (AME) targeted AMEL gene sequences present in both X and Y chromosome, but produced PCR products of different lengths for each chromosome. The other set (AXR) bound to AMEL gene sequences present on the X chromosome but absent esholthe Y-chromosome. Relative product levels were calculated by normalizing the AXR fluorescence to the AME fluorescence. The AMEL method accurately predicted the sex ratios of boar sperm, demonstrating that it has potential value as a sex determination method.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.358-367
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• 2021

The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as an international health emergency. Current diagnostic tests are based on the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method, which is the gold standard test that involves the amplification of viral RNA. However, the RT-qPCR assay has limitations in terms of sensitivity and quantification. In this study, we tested both qPCR and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to detect low amounts of viral RNA. The cycle threshold (CT) of the viral RNA by RT-PCR significantly varied according to the sequences of the primer and probe sets with in vitro transcript (IVT) RNA or viral RNA as templates, whereas the copy number of the viral RNA by ddPCR was effectively quantified with IVT RNA, cultured viral RNA, and RNA from clinical samples. Furthermore, the clinical samples were assayed via both methods, and the sensitivity of the ddPCR was determined to be equal to or more than that of the RT-qPCR. However, the ddPCR assay is more suitable for determining the copy number of reference materials. These findings suggest that the qPCR assay with the ddPCR defined reference materials could be used as a highly sensitive and compatible diagnostic method for viral RNA detection.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.889-896
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• 2022

본 연구는 전산화단층촬영의 테이블에 에어 매트리스의 적용으로 인한 환자의 주관적 편안함의 변화를 설문지를 통하여 분석하고, 환자의 임상 영상을 정량적 정성적 평가를 통하여 화질 변화를 분석하여 에어 매트리스의 유용성을 평가하고자 하였다. 연구에 참여한 피험자는 남성이 221명, 여성이 229명이었으며, 연령 범위는 만 18세에서 86세이다. 영상의 화질 변화를 평가하기 위해 연구 대상자 중 Chest CT & Enhancement를 촬영한 환자를 단순 무작위 표본 추출(Simple random sampling) 방법을 사용하여 정량적 평가를 위하여 각 군당 50명씩 총 150명의 환자를 선정하였으며, 정성적 평가를 위하여 각 군당 20명씩 총 60명의 환자를 선정하였다. 본 연구결과 에어 매트리스로 인하여 환자의 주관적 편안함이 증가하였으며, 임상영상의 정량적, 정성적 평가 결과 화질의 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 보았을 때 에어 매트리스는 진단 영상에 아무런 해가 없이 환자의 주관적인 편안함을 높일 수 있는 방법으로 유용하게 적용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.