• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.105-121
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• 2011

Objectives: This paper presents the framework and protocol design for a construction industry risk management toolbox. The construction industry needs a comprehensive, systematic approach to assess and control occupational risks. These risks span several professional health and safety disciplines, emphasized by multiple international occupational research agenda projects including: falls, electrocution, noise, silica, welding fumes, and musculoskeletal disorders. Yet, the International Social Security Association says, "whereas progress has been made in safety and health, the construction industry is still a high risk sector." Methods: Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) employ about 80% of the world's construction workers. In recent years a strategy for qualitative occupational risk management, known as Control Banding (CB) has gained international attention as a simplified approach for reducing work-related risks. CB groups hazards into stratified risk 'bands', identifying commensurate controls to reduce the level of risk and promote worker health and safety. We review these qualitative solutions-based approaches and identify strengths and weaknesses toward designing a simplified CB 'toolbox' approach for use by SMEs in construction trades. Results: This toolbox design proposal includes international input on multidisciplinary approaches for performing a qualitative risk assessment determining a risk 'band' for a given project. Risk bands are used to identify the appropriate level of training to oversee construction work, leading to commensurate and appropriate control methods to perform the work safely. Conclusion: The Construction Toolbox presents a review-generated format to harness multiple solutions-based national programs and publications for controlling construction-related risks with simplified approaches across the occupational safety, health and hygiene professions.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2004

Industrial facilities are becoming more complex and various with rapidly developing technologies. A number of installations and equipments are increased to improve productivity, and they are operated under the condition of high temperature and pressure. They are continuously repaired, replaced or abolished because of the deterioration with time, but their repair and replacement are not easy for economical and environmental concerns. If possible, the deteriorating equipments should be inspected and repaired effectively considering the state of maintenance and preservation, economic efficiency, and safety. That's where RBI(Risk Based Inspection) fits in. Even if RBI technology has been known among specialists, there were no tools readily available and it was hard to practice and apply RBI in industrial inspection and safety management. In the development of the qualitative RBI, the overall algorithm adopted API-581 BRD. The qualitative RBI program was developed to search the appling process.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2015

건설위험관리 프로세스의 위험분석단계는 정성적 및 정량적 위험분석단계로 세분화되는데, 정성적 위험분석이 주된 역할을 하고 정량적 위험분석은 보조적인 역할을 담당한다. 그런데 이제까지 정성적 위험분석단계에서 위험도를 계량화하는 방법으로 적용되어온 위험도 산정 공식은 발생확률과 영향을 단순히 곱하는 식으로서 결과 값들은 저위험도에 편중된 분포를 나타낸다. 이에 대한 대안으로 고위험도에 편중되는 산정 공식이 제안되었으나, 위험도 분포가 저위험도 또는 고위험도에 편중하게 될 경우 대부분의 자연현상이 정상분포에 가깝다는 통계학적인 일반논리에 부합되지 않는다. 본 연구에서는 위험도의 분포가 중앙에 집중되는 새로운 위험도 산정방법을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 통해 위험도 분포가 자연현상의 정상분포와 유사한 형식으로 표현됨으로써 위험에 대응하는 수준이 고위험도 또는 저위험도에 치우지지 않고 중간위험도에서 합리적으로 선택될 수 있게 하고자 한다. 나아가 위험도 산정방법에 대한 추가적인 선택사항을 제공함으로써 위험분석 방법의 융통성과 합리성을 향상시키는데도 일조하고자 한다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2007

교통시설물의 위험요소는 안전피해의 규모 및 종류 등 복잡한 제반요소에 영향을 받기 때문에 안전개념에 기초한 분석이 요구된다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 교통안전시설에 대한 정성적 및 정량적 위험도분석 방법을 제시하고 이를 가치평가에 도입할 수 있는 절차를 제안하였다. 또한 정량적 분석을 위해 교통사고 데이터 및 이를 분석한 EPDO(Equivalent Property Damage Only)를 이용하여 사고빈도와 피해정도 및 사고요인별로 Event Tree를 작성하여 제시하였으며 이를 이용하여 중앙분리대 비교 1안(140cm) 및 비교 2안(127cm)에 대한 위험지수를 산정하였다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.70-78
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• 2013

Plants which are having conditions of high temperature and pressure always are exposed to danger. In order to prevent unexpected accidents, safety management that can effectively and appropriately examine facilities is required in plant operation. RBI(Risk-Based Inspection) technology in API 581 is one of standard management technique for evaluating risk on petroleum plants. There are qualitative and quantitative assessments in RBI methodology. Quantitative evaluation step is complex and required much information, so high-risk facilities in plant are selected firstly by qualitative method. Qualitative RBI is performed by choosing the answer in prepared questionnaire. However, it is difficult to believe thoroughly results from survey including ambiguous information. In this study, the procedure of qualitative RBI analysis with considering probability distribution concept were proposed by using Monte Carlo simulation method in order to increase reliability in spite of uncertain factors. In addition, qualitative risk of cooling system for LNG plant was evaluated using proposed procedure. Although 20 items of total 39 assessment items are applied to uncertain factors, risk section of high probability(89%) were verified. The detailed results were described in manuscript.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.375-379
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• 2011

Control Banding (CB) strategies to prevent work-related illness and injury for 2.5 billion workers without access to health and safety professionals has grown exponentially this last decade. CB originates from the pharmaceutical industry to control active pharmaceutical ingredients without a complete toxicological basis and therefore no occupational exposure limits. CB applications have broadened into chemicals in general - including new emerging risks like nanomaterials and recently into ergonomics and injury prevention. CB is an action-oriented qualitative risk assessment strategy offering solutions and control measures to users through "toolkits". Chemical CB toolkits are user-friendly approaches used to achieve workplace controls in the absence of firm toxicological and quantitative exposure information. The model (technical) validation of these toolkits is well described, however firm operational analyses (implementation aspects) are lacking. Consequentially, it is often not known if toolkit use leads to successful interventions at individual workplaces. This might lead to virtual safe workplaces without knowing if workers are truly protected. Upcoming international strategies from the World Health Organization Collaborating Centers request assistance in developing and evaluating action-oriented procedures for workplace risk assessment and control. It is expected that to fulfill this strategy's goals, CB approaches will continue its important growth in protecting workers.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2024

COVID-19 pandemic outbreak increased the use of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), but the existing IoMT solutions are not free from attacks. This paper proposes a secure and resilient framework for IoMT, it computes the risk using Risk Impact Parameters (RIP) and Risk is also calculated based upon the Threat Events in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). UICC (Universal Integrated Circuit Card) and TPM (Trusted Platform Module) are used to ensure security in IoMT. PILAR Risk Management Tool is used to perform qualitative and quantitative risk analysis. It is designed to support the risk management process along long periods, providing incremental analysis as the safeguards improve.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2005

In this paper, we dealt with substantial asset analysis methodology applied to two-dimensional asset classification and qualitative evaluation method according to the business process. Most of the existent risk analysis methodology and tools presented classification by asset type and physical evaluation by a quantitative method. We focused our research on qualitative evaluation with 2-dimensional asset classification. It converts from quantitative asset value with purchase cost, recovery and exchange cost, etc. to qualitative evaluation considering specific factors related to the business process. In the first phase, we classified the IT assets into tangible and intangible assets, including human and information data asset, and evaluated their value. Then, we converted the quantitative asset value to the qualitative asset value using a conversion standard table. In the second phase, we reclassified the assets using 2-dimensional classification factors reflecting the business process, and applied weight to the first evaluation results. This method is to consider the organization characteristics, IT asset structure scheme and business process. Therefore, we can evaluate the concrete and substantial asset value corresponding to the organization business process, even if they are the same asset type.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권10호
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• pp.717-728
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• 2020

The objective of this study is to explore the whole process of fraud risk management strategies that should be implemented by the organizations. Secondly, this study discusses the governance issues that arise at each stage of the process. For the purpose of this study, a content analysis of previous literatures is used as a technique for gathering data. This process usually involves codifying qualitative and quantitative information into pre-defined categories in order to derive patterns in the presentation and reporting of information. Based on our content analysis, we found that the fraud risk management process should be made of at least five stages which are inculcating the culture of managing risks in an organization, identifying the risks, evaluating the risks, determining preventive actions and implementing and reviewing stages. Our extended analysis of the fraud risk management process finds that a lot of governance issues arise in the fraud risk management process that should be solved by regulators and companies in order to ensure that fraud risk management process is embedded as corporate culture, not merely as a process. Among them are how to create the risk culture in an organization and whether auditors and risk management committees identify risks from each available source.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2002

During the last ten years, effort has been made for reducing maintenance cost for aged equipments and ensuring safety, efficiency and profitability of petrochemical and refinery plants. Hence, it was required to develop advanced methods which meet this need. RBI(Risk Based Inspection) methodology is one of the most promising technology satisfying the requirements in the field of integrity management. In this study, a qualitative assessment algorithm for RBI based on the API 581 code was reconstructed for developing an RBI software. The user-friendly realRBI software is developed with a module for evaluating qualitative risk category using the potential consequence factor and the likelihood factor.