• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.23-42
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• 2010

This report describes 90 prescriptions related to the use of Platycodi Radix main blended from Dongeuibogam. The following conclusions were reached through investigations on the prescriptions that use Platycodi Radix as a key component. Prescriptions that Platycodi Radix was taken as a monarch drug are utilized for 30 therapeutic purposes, for example, cough disease, throat disease, abscess and pus, and wind disease. In particular, 12.1% of prescriptions appear in the chapter of cough, and 9.9% of those appear in the chapter of throat, and each 8.8% of those appear in the chapter of abscess and of wind disease. Prescriptions that utilize Platycodi Radix as the main ingredient are used in the treatment of cough disease, throat disease and abscess, and they are also used for treating 74 different types of disease. The prescriptions are compounded with Platycodi Radix as a monarch drug are related to exogenous agents such as wind-cold pathogen, wind-heat pathogen, epidemic diseases, and endogenous agents such as seven emotions, and non-endo-exopathogenic factors like excessive labor, deficiency of Qi and blood, phlegm-mass, phlegm-fire, ect. The dosage of Platycodi Radix is 2pun(about 0.75g) to 1nyang(about 37.5g), however 1don (about 3.75g) has been taken the most for clinical application. We can find out that according to herbs or prescriptions blended with it self, Platycodi Radix makes a variety of functions to penetrate lung stagnancy and remove phlegm, relieve throat pain and get rid of pus, and regulate Qi flow. And Gamgiltang is the most useful base prescription which used the Platycodi Radix as the main component.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2010

Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases(諸病源候論)was written by Chao Yuanfang that was most active during the Sui Dynasty at A.D. 610. It classified clinical medicine by some departments of internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, and otorhinolaryngology and within each specific department, categorizes etiology and pathology according to characteristics of various diseases. It was the total disease classification book that based on the bibles of the Oriental medicine, (Huangdi''s) Internal Classic(黃帝內經), Classic of Difficult Issues(難經) and Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases(傷寒雜病論), A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion(鍼灸甲乙經), Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies(備急千金要方) and Medical Secrets of an Official(外臺秘要). It was arranged tussive causes, classes, diagnosis, prognosis and stretching for treatment by Volume 13, all symptoms of tussiculation. Dialectic part was divided into cough(咳嗽), cough with dyspnea(咳逆上氣), cough with pus and blood(咳嗽吐膿血), cough with duck crying sound(?嗽), sudden cough(暴氣咳嗽), cough with dyspnea(咳逆), cough with dyspnea and vomiting(咳逆上氣嘔吐). Disease situation part was divided into the new cough(新咳) and old cough(舊咳), deficiency syndrome(虛證) and excess syndrome(實證), visceral cough(藏府咳), etc. Out of these, cough with counterflow(咳嗽上氣), cough with dyspnea(咳逆上氣), cough with dyspnea and vomiting(咳逆上氣嘔吐), cough with shortness of breath(咳逆短氣) have a close connection with dyspnea(上氣), counterflow of qi(逆氣), dyspnea and vomiting(上氣嘔吐) and shortness of breath(短氣) in the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All qi(氣病諸候) of vol 13. So two parts may be refer to each other. However, the content on the original book has been addition and subtraction on the original context along with many reprints. Therefore, this paper, with regard to the prints of former editions, tried to help in better comprehension of the original context through readings and Korean translation.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2003

Objectives : We were studied the retaining needle to offer basic materials for the study of it. methods: To study the retaining needle, we were reviewed the ancient, the present text and the thesis. Results: 1. There are many ways form general acupuncture technique to needle-embedding therapy by the spending time of the retaining needle. 2. The method retaining needle is divided into Active method of the retaining needle(動留針法) and Passive methoid of the retaining needle(靜留針法) by the existence of Qi-promoting. 3. In case of Deficiency Syndrome, protracted discase, dolorific disorder, convulsive disorder, and Cold Syndrome, the spending time of the retaining needle takes longer, in case of Heat Syndrome and exterior Syndrome, the spending time of the retaining needle takes shorter. 4. In case of acute disease and attack of chronic disease, we can use Active methoid of the retaining needle(動留鍼法) with retaining needle for a long time, in case of chronic disease, we can use Passive methoid of the retaining needle(靜留針法). 5. In case of Young people, a man in the prime of life, and a people who can stand the stimulation of needle, we can make the spending time of the retaining needle be longer and use Active methoid of the retaining needle(動留針法), but in case of a baby and a weak people, we had better shorten the spending time of the retaining needle or not do it. 6. The spending time of the retaining needle must be shorter in spring and summer, must be longer in fall and winter. 7. The spending time of the retaining needle is various by acupuncture point. 8. When the spending time of the retaining needle is too longer, we can injure Vital-qi of a patient, otherwise in opposite situation, Pathogenic is stagnated so pathogenic stage is repeated.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.67-83
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• 2005

1. Objectives The purpose of this study lies on the objectification of the Sasang Constitutional diagnosis. This study was analyzing the constitutional characteristic of adult men voices by PSSC-2004. 2. Methods The study was conducted on the subjects inputted /a/ 2.5-3 sec of 231 adult men voices to PSSC-2004. The statistical analyses are applied to three groups: total group, under 55 year-old group, over 55 year-old group. The group of total 231 was composed with 5 Taeyangins, 32 Soyangins, 102 Taeumins and 92 Soeumins. The under 55 years old group was composed with 4 Taeyangins, 23 Soyangins, 83 Taeumins and 77 Soeumins. The over 55 year-old group was composed with 1 Taeyangin, 9 Soyangins, 19 Taeumins and 15 Soeumins. 3. Results 1) In total group, the Soeumin's mean value of center pitch(4)$(1,000{\sim}2,000Hz)$ was significantly high compared with the others (P=0.034). 2) In total group, the Soeumin's group 3 APQ was significantly low compared with the others (P=0.042). 3) In under 55 year-old group, the Soeumin's center value of center pitch 4$(1,000{\sim}2,000Hz)$ was significantly high compared with the others (P=0.025) 4) In over 55 year-old group, no statistical significance was found between the Taeyangin, Soyangin, Taeumin and Soeumin. 4. Conclusions In under 55 year-old group, Soeumin's voice showed high pitched sound (clearness) at the low frequency (1000-2000Hz). In over 55 year-old group, there is no significant differences. This fits in with that 'Soeumin's voice is 'Yu-tone' born by 'Shang-tone', very short and high.' 'Yu-tone' corresponds to 'Ra' and witch is highest among Gong, Shang, Gao, Chi and Yu. This is related with the appearance that the Soeumin's voice is weak, thin and high tone. Therefore it is supposed that Soeumin adult men's voices are thick, and there are vibrations of the ending. It is accepted one of the Soeumin's characters like as a mild tremor of limbs and deep breath caused by Soeumin's Qi-deficiency. This outcome accords with the theory that Soeumin's Qi is less than the Other constitutions.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.883-891
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between each pattern identification such as Dampness-Phlegm, Fire-Heat, Deficiency of Qi, Deficiency of Yin and Blood Stagnation and blood lipid level in acute stroke patients. This study was done over patients hospitalized in 13 Oriental Medical Hospitals in the period of November 2006 to Jun 2009. Patients had been interviewed by residents and medical specialists who studied standard operation procedures in Fundamental Study for Syndrome of Oriental Medicine for Stroke. Study subjects consisted of group A that was distributed to specified pattern identification by medical specialist and discriminating program, group B that was distributed to specified pattern identification by medical specialist or discriminating program, and the control group that wasn't distributed to specified pattern identification by medical specialist and discriminating program. For the purpose of obtaining suitable result, we analyzed blood lipid level of each group by univariate analysis. In this study, there was not statistically significant relation between most of each pattern identification and blood lipid level except relation between Fire-Heat pattern group B and decreasing HDL cholesterol. Based on these results, it is suggested that Dampness-Phlegm would not be the independent predictors of hyperlipidemia unlike other studies that were presented in. More prospective studies between Fire-Heat and decreasing HDL cholesterol are to be done with more clinical data.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권3호통권71호
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• pp.126-137
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• 2007

Objectives : Standardization of pattern identification for stroke and development of a diagnostic tool for Korean medicine. Methods : We organized a committee for stroke diagnosis standardization of Korean traditional medicine and submitted the Korean standard differentiation of the symptoms and signs for stroke (KSDSS). We collected cases through a multi-center network consisting of twelve university hospitals and one local hospital. We analyzed the data with discriminant function and logistic regression. Results : 321 cases were confirmed by diagnosis of medical specialists and residents. They were divided into qi deficiency 30.84%, dampness & phlegm 25.55%, fire & heat 22.43%, eum deficiency 18.69% and blood stasis 2.49%. The accordance rate between discriminant function and doctor's diagnosis was calculated. Conclusions : To make a stroke diagnostic program, we must raise the accordance rate between doctor's diagnosis and the program.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.813-820
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• 2009

Background : Static blood is a kind of etiological factor including stagnated blood and blood overflowed out of the vessels. It is one of the causes of stroke in oriental medicine. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the static blood pattern and its indicators in stroke pattern diagnosis. Methods : For the standardization of pattern diagnosis in stroke, we set 5 patterns (Fire-heat, Dampness-phlegm, Static blood, Qi deficiency, Yin deficiency) and developed 61 indicators. Patients with a first-ever stroke, within 1 month after the onset of stroke. Two physicians checked the indicators independently. They then performed pattern diagnosis and rechecked the indicators which were referred to pattern diagnosis. If pattern identifications were diagnosed the same, it would confirm pattern identification. We examined the frequency of all indicators and referred indicators in static blood pattern patients. Results : In 859 patients, static blood pattern was shared by 24(2.8%). The indicators which affect static blood pattern were mainly rough pulse and bluish purple tongue, other indicators were not major effectors. Conclusion : This result shows that it is inconsistent to set up static blood pattern as a major pattern in stroke. Nevertheless, static blood is still a valuable concept in the clinical field. Other study methods will be required to establish the pattern diagnostic indicators for static blood pattern.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.378-385
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• 2015

Dizziness is one of the most common symptoms in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of patients with dizziness who visited Korean medicine hospital. This study analyzed 328 patients with dizziness who visited Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Dae-Jeon University from Nov. 1st, 2012 to Oct. 31st, 2014. We gathered the data of the patients based on the medical charts. The patients were divided into 4 gorups ; central dizziness group, peripheral dizziness group, presyncope dizziness group, functional dizziness group, In the distribution according to sex, the number of female patients was higher than the male patients in all the types of dizziness except the presyncope group. The average age of the central group was higher than any other types. The peripheral and central group were most frequently admitted. The average hospitalization period were categorized as follows : central group 37.31, presyncope group 17, functional group 14.21, peripheral group 13.5 days. The following numbers of patients showed the distribution of each syndrome differentiation ; deficiency of qi and blood(氣血兩虛) 58.8%, plegm-dampness syndrome(濕痰中阻) 18.0%, hyperactivity of liver yang(肝陽上亢) 14.3%, deficiency of kidney essence(腎精不足) 8.8%. The distribution of herbal medicine for dizziness were categorized as follows ; Jaeumkeonbi-tang(Ziyinjianpi-tang, 滋陰健脾湯) 50.4%, Banhabaekchulcheonma-tang(Banxiabaishutianma-tang, 半夏白朮天麻湯) 10.2% and Bojungikgi-tang(Buzhongyiqi-tang, 補中益氣湯) 4.1%. The 86.0% of patients with dizziness has improved. The peripheral showed highest rate of improvement(100%). This report would serve as a reference data for further study about patients with dizziness in the clinical field of Korean medicine.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2011

In spite of abundant clinical resources of stroke patients, the objective and logical data analyses or diagnostic systems were not established in oriental medicine. As a part of researches for standardization and objectification of differentiation of syndromes for stroke, in this present study, we tried to develop the statistical diagnostic tool discriminating the 4 subtypes of syndrome differentiation using the essential indices considering the sex. Discriminant analysis was carried out using clinical data collected from 1,448 stroke patients who was identically diagnosed for the syndrome differentiation subtypes diagnosed by two clinical experts with more than 3 year experiences. Empirical discriminant model(V) for different sex was constructed using 61 significant symptoms and sign indices selected by stepwise selection. We comparison. We make comparison a between discriminant model(V) and discriminant model(IV) using 33 significant symptoms and sign indices selected by stepwise selection. Development of statistical diagnostic tool discriminating 4 subtypes by sex : The discriminant model with the 24 significant indices in women and the 19 significant indices in men was developed for discriminating the 4 subtypes of syndrome differentiation including phlegm-dampness, qi-deficiency, yin-deficiency and fire-heat. Diagnostic accuracy and prediction rate of syndrome differentiation by sex : The overall diagnostic accuracy and prediction rate of 4 syndrome differentiation subtypes using 24 symptom and sign indices was 74.63%(403/540) and 68.46%(89/130) in women, 19 symptom and sign indices was 72.05%(446/619) and 70.44%(112/159) in men. These results are almost same as those of that the overall diagnostic accuracy(73.68%) and prediction rate(70.59%) are analyzed by the discriminant model(IV) using 33 symptom and sign indices selected by stepwise selection. Considering sex, the statistical discriminant model(V) with significant 24 symptom and sign indices in women and 19 symptom and sign indices in men, instead of 33 indices would be used in the field of oriental medicine contributing to the objectification of syndrome differentiation with parsimony rule.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.219-231
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• 2010

Objectives : School refusal is usually considered as individual's behavioral problem. These days. however. the adolescents' school refusal needs some kind of medical approaches because it is related to mental disorder of the adolescents. Due to too much pressure and stress from the competition between classmates and from good performance in school. the number of adolescents who refuse to go to school is increasing. Despite this circumstance. school refusal is neither regarded as a single independent disorder nor endorsed as an officially classified disease. which makes difficult to conduct research on this issue and to establish standardized treatment for it. In addition. there is a lack of research on this topic. especially in oriental medicine. so there is no a case report or study on school refusal. This study is trying to comment on school refusal from the perspective of oriental medicine. Methods : We tried to examine the effect of oriental medicine treatment for school refusal with four adolescent cases. The patients commonly have at least more than one mental disorder (including depression disorder. anxiety disorder. and anorexia nervosa). have some problem with the relationship with their family. in particular with mother. do not have father or not be loved by their father. and have irregular eating habits. Thus. we diagnosed them as qi transforming into fire (氣鬱化矢) spleen-stomach deficiency cold (脾胃虛寒) and heart blood deficiency (心血虛) due to stress from the family issues and unhealthy eating habits. The patients received supportive therapy. family therapy. etc among many oriental mental treatments and their progress had been observed through hospitalization and outpatient treatment. Results : All four cases were reported positive progress on their symptoms and started coming back to school. We also examined whether they were well fitting into the school while they received outpatient treatment. and the results show that all four patients continue to settle down in normal school life. Conclusions : This study closely reviewed the mental disorder of school refusal cases and showed that the Oriental medical treatment was effective in helping the patients come back to school. More future research is required to better treatment for school refusal cases in oriental medicine.